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Article ; Online: TEVAR: future management based on today's scenarios.

Rios Ramirez, Mario E

2022 Volume 63, Issue 6, Page(s) 749–750

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Forecasting ; Endovascular Procedures/adverse effects
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-05
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	80143-4
ISSN	1827-191X ; 0021-9509
ISSN (online)	1827-191X
ISSN	0021-9509
DOI	10.23736/S0021-9509.22.12492-4
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Article ; Online: A Pandemic Treaty: Learning From the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.

De Luca, Michael / Ramirez, Mario L

Health security

2023 Volume 21, Issue 2, Page(s) 105–112

Abstract: The World Health Organization recently began developing a "pandemic treaty" in response to the perceived failures of the global COVID-19 response. The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, which obligates members to certain global standards in tobacco ...

Abstract	The World Health Organization recently began developing a "pandemic treaty" in response to the perceived failures of the global COVID-19 response. The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, which obligates members to certain global standards in tobacco control, is an example of a global public health agreement that may be used as a model for the pandemic treaty. Several challenges related to the convention, many from the tobacco industry itself, must be addressed if it is to be used as a prototype for a pandemic agreement. These include harm reduction policies, private-sector involvement, and its impact in low- and middle-income countries. A pandemic treaty may encounter similar challenges faced by the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, particularly from industry groups with financial interests related to infectious disease control and prevention. Addressing challenges at the outset may facilitate the development and implementation of a more robust international instrument.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Tobacco Control ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Smoking Prevention ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; World Health Organization ; International Cooperation
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2823049-8
ISSN	2326-5108 ; 2326-5094
ISSN (online)	2326-5108
ISSN	2326-5094
DOI	10.1089/hs.2022.0135
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Article ; Online: The importance of cryptic diversity in the conservation of wide-ranging species: The red-footed tortoise Chelonoidis carbonarius in Colombia.

Gallego-García, Natalia / Vargas-Ramírez, Mario / Shaffer, H Bradley

Molecular ecology

2023 Volume 32, Issue 16, Page(s) 4531–4545

Abstract: Wide-ranging species are seldom considered conservation priorities, yet they have the potential to harbour genetically deeply differentiated units across environments or ecological barriers, including some that warrant taxonomic recognition. Documenting ... ...

Abstract	Wide-ranging species are seldom considered conservation priorities, yet they have the potential to harbour genetically deeply differentiated units across environments or ecological barriers, including some that warrant taxonomic recognition. Documenting such cryptic genetic diversity is especially important for wide-ranging species that are in decline, as they may comprise a set of even more endangered lineages or species with small distributions. However, studies of wide-ranging species, particularly when they cross political borders, are extremely challenging. One approach to overcoming these challenges is to conduct detailed local analyses in combination with less detailed, range-wide studies. We used this approach with the red-footed tortoise (Chelonoidis carbonarius), a threatened species likely to contain cryptic diversity given its vast range and the distinctive ecoregions that it inhabits. Previous single-gene molecular studies indicated the presence of at least five lineages, two of which occur in different ecoregions separated by the Andes within Colombia. We used a comprehensive genomic analysis to test the hypothesis of cryptic diversity within the single jurisdiction of Colombia. We used a combination of restriction-site-associated DNA sequencing and environmental niche modelling to provide three independent lines of evidence that support the presence of important cryptic diversity that may deserve taxonomic recognition: allopatric reproductive isolation, local adaptation and ecological divergence. We also provide a fine-scale genetic map with the distribution of conservation units in Colombia. As we complete ongoing range-wide analyses and make taxonomic adjustments, we recommend that the two lineages in Colombia be treated as separate units for conservation purposes.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Phylogeny ; Turtles/genetics ; Genetic Variation ; Colombia ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1126687-9
ISSN	1365-294X ; 0962-1083
ISSN (online)	1365-294X
ISSN	0962-1083
DOI	10.1111/mec.17052
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Article ; Online: Revealing anole diversity in the highlands of the Northern Andes: New and resurrected species of the Anolis heterodermus species group

Moreno-Arias, Rafael A. / Méndez-Galeano, Miguel A. / Beltrán, Iván / Vargas-Ramírez, Mario

Vertebrate Zoology. 2023 Feb. 14, v. 73, p. 161-188

2023 , Page(s) 161–188

Abstract: The Anolis heterodermus group comprises eight big-headed and short-legged lizard species from the highlands of the northernmost South American Andes. Recent studies revealed unknown lineages within this group that had previously been categorized as a ... ...

Abstract	The Anolis heterodermus group comprises eight big-headed and short-legged lizard species from the highlands of the northernmost South American Andes. Recent studies revealed unknown lineages within this group that had previously been categorized as a species complex. By widely sampling and applying an integrative taxonomic framework, we (1) assessed the species diversity of the group using a molecular dataset (two mitochondrial and one nuclear markers) along with an inclusive morphological study (scalation, scale configuration and ornamentation, morphometrics, and dewlap and body colour patterns); and (2) we inferred the evolutionary relationships within this species group. Our analyses confirmed the formerly reported differentiation between populations of those high-altitude lizards, and we identified several unknown evolutionary lineages. Our results provided evidence for the existence of nine distinct, independently evolving evolutionary lineages in the heterodermus group. As a result, we described two morphologically and genetically highly distinct lineages as species new to science (A. quimbaya sp. nov. and A. tequendama sp. nov.). We redescribed A. heterodermus and erected as a valid species Anolis richteri, a previously described synonym of A. heterodermus. A taxonomic key for the identification of species of the Phenacosaurus clade was presented. The identification of two additional poorly-known lineages suggested that the diversity of this group of lizards is still unknown; therefore, it is necessary to establish measurements for the group´s conservation, as well as to perform fieldwork and revision of herpetological collections to identify possible hidden diversity within the group.
Keywords	Anolis ; altitude ; color ; data collection ; lizards ; mitochondria ; morphometry ; species diversity ; taxonomic keys ; zoology ; Andes region ; Anole species complex ; high altitude lizards ; integrative taxonomy ; mtDNA ; nDNA ; morphology ; South America
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0214
Size	p. 161-188
Publishing place	Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2392087-7
ISSN	2625-8498 ; 1864-5755
ISSN (online)	2625-8498
ISSN	1864-5755
DOI	10.3897/vz.73.e94265
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Hope is the last thing lost: Colombian captive-bred population of the critically endangered Orinoco crocodile (Crocodylus intermedius) is a genetic reservoir that could help to save the species from extinction

Saldarriaga-Gómez, Ana M. / Ardila-Robayo, María Cristina / Medem, Federico / Vargas-Ramírez, Mario

Nature Conservation. 2023 July 24, v. 53 p.85-103

2023

Abstract: AbstractA purpose of ex-situ populations is the preservation of genetic variation, but this is a challenging task since genetic diversity is commonly lost through each generation, and so the establishment of management guidelines should be a high ... ...

Abstract	AbstractA purpose of ex-situ populations is the preservation of genetic variation, but this is a challenging task since genetic diversity is commonly lost through each generation, and so the establishment of management guidelines should be a high priority. Fifty years ago, the National University of Colombia began a breeding program in the Roberto Franco Tropical Station (in Villavicencio, Meta) to conserve the critically endangered Orinoco crocodile Crocodylus intermedius. Despite the large number of individuals raised and kept in captivity, the Station has not been able to release individuals due to a lack of a complete genetic characterization that could determine whether the population is genetically viable. In this study we used a panel of 17 microsatellite loci to overcome this problem. We estimated from the founder animals and the live crocodiles the inbreeding, heterozygosities, the number of alleles, and their richness, and frequencies to understand the effects of managing a captive breeding program without considering genetic profiles. Our results revealed that the living population maintains much of its founder diversity with high levels of heterozygosity and low overall inbreeding, making it suitable for maintaining captive breeding and for implementing wild releases. We estimated the individual genetic diversity of the living crocodiles, as well as their relationships. This information, combined with the size, sex, and location, allowed us to propose combinations and to restructure the breeding groups. We demonstrated that molecular data could be used to improve the management of ex-situ conservation programs well beyond what could be achieved with pedigree information alone.
Keywords	Crocodylus intermedius ; captive animals ; ex situ conservation ; extinction ; genetic variation ; heterozygosity ; microsatellite repeats ; pedigree ; Colombia ; Critically endangered species ; ex-situ conservation ; genetic diversity ; microsatellites ; population genetics
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0724
Size	p. 85-103.
Publishing place	Pensoft Publishers
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2667603-5
ISSN	1314-3301
ISSN	1314-3301
DOI	10.3897/natureconservation.53.104000
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Article ; Online: The importance of cryptic diversity in the conservation of wide‐ranging species: The red‐footed tortoise Chelonoidis carbonarius in Colombia

Gallego‐García, Natalia / Vargas‐Ramírez, Mario / Shaffer, H. Bradley

Molecular Ecology. 2023 Aug., v. 32, no. 16 p.4531-4545

2023

Abstract: Wide‐ranging species are seldom considered conservation priorities, yet they have the potential to harbour genetically deeply differentiated units across environments or ecological barriers, including some that warrant taxonomic recognition. Documenting ... ...

Abstract	Wide‐ranging species are seldom considered conservation priorities, yet they have the potential to harbour genetically deeply differentiated units across environments or ecological barriers, including some that warrant taxonomic recognition. Documenting such cryptic genetic diversity is especially important for wide‐ranging species that are in decline, as they may comprise a set of even more endangered lineages or species with small distributions. However, studies of wide‐ranging species, particularly when they cross political borders, are extremely challenging. One approach to overcoming these challenges is to conduct detailed local analyses in combination with less detailed, range‐wide studies. We used this approach with the red‐footed tortoise (Chelonoidis carbonarius), a threatened species likely to contain cryptic diversity given its vast range and the distinctive ecoregions that it inhabits. Previous single‐gene molecular studies indicated the presence of at least five lineages, two of which occur in different ecoregions separated by the Andes within Colombia. We used a comprehensive genomic analysis to test the hypothesis of cryptic diversity within the single jurisdiction of Colombia. We used a combination of restriction‐site‐associated DNA sequencing and environmental niche modelling to provide three independent lines of evidence that support the presence of important cryptic diversity that may deserve taxonomic recognition: allopatric reproductive isolation, local adaptation and ecological divergence. We also provide a fine‐scale genetic map with the distribution of conservation units in Colombia. As we complete ongoing range‐wide analyses and make taxonomic adjustments, we recommend that the two lineages in Colombia be treated as separate units for conservation purposes.
Keywords	Chelonoidis ; DNA ; allopatry ; chromosome mapping ; ecology ; genetic variation ; genomics ; politics ; reproductive isolation ; threatened species ; tortoises ; Andes region ; Colombia
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-08
Size	p. 4531-4545.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	1126687-9
ISSN	1365-294X ; 0962-1083
ISSN (online)	1365-294X
ISSN	0962-1083
DOI	10.1111/mec.17052
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Epidemiology and risk factors for mortality among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremic patients in Southern Brazil.

Riche, Cezar Vinícius Würdig / Cassol, Renato / Falci, Diego Rodrigues / Ramirez, Mario / Dias, Cícero Armídio Gomes

PloS one

2023 Volume 18, Issue 4, Page(s) e0283774

Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiology and 30-day mortality of adult patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia. We retrospectively reviewed the demographic and clinical data of adult patients with S. aureus ... ...

Abstract	This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiology and 30-day mortality of adult patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia. We retrospectively reviewed the demographic and clinical data of adult patients with S. aureus bloodstream infections (BSI), admitted to a tertiary public teaching medical center in Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil, from January 2014 to December 2019. A total of 928 patients with S. aureus BSI were identified in the study period (68.5 per 100,000 patient-years), and the proportion of MRSA isolates was 22% (19-27%). Thus, 199 patients were included in the analyses. The median age was 62 (IQR: 51-74) years, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) median was 5 (IQR: 3-6), the Pitt bacteremia score (PBS) median was 1 (IQR: 1-4), and the most common site of infection was skin and soft tissue (26%). Most infections were hospital-acquired (54%), empirical anti-MRSA treatment was initiated in 34% of the cases, and in 44% vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration was 1.5mg/L or above. Sixty-two (31.2%) patients died up to 30 days after the bacteremia episode. Patients with more comorbid conditions (higher CCI; aOR 1.222, p = 0.006) and a more severe presentation (higher PBS; aOR 1.726, p<0.001) were independently associated with mortality. Empiric antimicrobial therapy with an anti-MRSA regimen was associated with reduced mortality (aOR 0.319, p = 0.016). Our study identified significant risk factors for 30-day mortality in patients with MRSA BSI in a population with a high incidence of S. aureus bacteremia. Empiric treatment with an anti-MRSA drug was a protective factor. No significant variation in the incidence of S. aureus BSI was recorded throughout the period.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Retrospective Studies ; Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy ; Staphylococcal Infections/epidemiology ; Staphylococcal Infections/etiology ; Cross Infection/epidemiology ; Brazil/epidemiology ; Bacteremia/drug therapy ; Bacteremia/epidemiology ; Bacteremia/etiology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Risk Factors
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0283774
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Article ; Online: LAG-3 Contribution to T Cell Downmodulation during Acute Respiratory Viral Infections.

Rodríguez-Guilarte, Linmar / Ramírez, Mario A / Andrade, Catalina A / Kalergis, Alexis M

Viruses

2023 Volume 15, Issue 1

Abstract: LAG-3 is a type I transmembrane protein expressed on immune cells, such as activated T cells, and binds to MHC class II with high affinity. LAG-3 is an inhibitory receptor, and its multiple biological activities on T cell activation and effector ... ...

Abstract	LAG-3 is a type I transmembrane protein expressed on immune cells, such as activated T cells, and binds to MHC class II with high affinity. LAG-3 is an inhibitory receptor, and its multiple biological activities on T cell activation and effector functions play a regulatory role in the immune response. Immunotherapies directed at immune checkpoints, including LAG-3, have become a promising strategy for controlling malignant tumors and chronic viral diseases. Several studies have suggested an association between the expression of LAG-3 with an inadequate immune response during respiratory viral infections and the susceptibility to reinfections, which might be a consequence of the inhibition of T cell effector functions. However, important information relative to therapeutic potential during acute viral lower respiratory tract infections and the mechanism of action of the LAG-3 checkpoint remains to be characterized. In this article, we discuss the contribution of LAG-3 to the impairment of T cells during viral respiratory infections. Understanding the host immune response to respiratory infections is crucial for developing effective vaccines and therapies.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Antigens, CD/metabolism ; Lymphocyte Activation Gene 3 Protein ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; T-Lymphocytes ; Virus Diseases
Chemical Substances	Antigens, CD ; Lymphocyte Activation Gene 3 Protein ; Lag3 protein, human
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-03
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v15010147
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Article: Generation of Photopolymerized Microparticles Based on PEGDA Hydrogel Using T-Junction Microfluidic Devices: Effect of the Flow Rates.

Hinojosa-Ventura, Gabriela / García-Ramírez, Mario Alberto / Acosta-Cuevas, José Manuel / González-Reynoso, Orfil

Micromachines

2023 Volume 14, Issue 7

Abstract: The formation of microparticles ( ...

Abstract	The formation of microparticles (
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2620864-7
ISSN	2072-666X
ISSN	2072-666X
DOI	10.3390/mi14071279
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Article ; Online: Adult non-invasive pneumococcal pneumonia in Portugal is dominated by serotype 3 and non-PCV13 serotypes 3-years after near universal PCV13 use in children.

Silva-Costa, Catarina / Gomes-Silva, Joana / Santos, Andreia / Ramirez, Mário / Melo-Cristino, José

Frontiers in public health

2023 Volume 11, Page(s) 1279656

Abstract: Introduction: Non-invasive pneumococcal pneumonia (NIPP) is possibly the most frequent infection by : Methods: We determined the serotype distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates causing aNIPP (>18 years) in 2016-2018 in Portugal; 3 ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Non-invasive pneumococcal pneumonia (NIPP) is possibly the most frequent infection by Methods: We determined the serotype distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates causing aNIPP (>18 years) in 2016-2018 in Portugal; 3 years with near universal vaccination of children with the 13-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV13), following over a decade of significant PCV use in children in the private market. Results and discussion: Among the 1,149 aNIPP isolates, the most frequent serotypes detected were: 3 (
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Child ; Humans ; Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/prevention & control ; Serogroup ; Portugal/epidemiology ; Penicillins ; Vaccination
Chemical Substances	Penicillins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-20
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2711781-9
ISSN	2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
ISSN (online)	2296-2565
ISSN	2296-2565
DOI	10.3389/fpubh.2023.1279656
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