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Article: Wogonin and its analogs for the prevention and treatment of cancer: A systematic review

Banik, Kishore / Khatoon, Elina / Harsha, Choudhary / Rana, Varsha / Parama, Dey / Thakur, Krishan Kumar / Bishayee, Anupam / Kunnumakkara, Ajaikumar B.

Phytotherapy research. 2022 May, v. 36, no. 5

2022

Abstract: The medicinal plant Scutellaria baicalensis, commonly known as Chinese skullcap or Huang‐Qin, has been used as a traditional medicine for several thousand years. The roots of this plant contain bioactive compounds, such as wogonin (WOG), wogonoside, ... ...

Abstract	The medicinal plant Scutellaria baicalensis, commonly known as Chinese skullcap or Huang‐Qin, has been used as a traditional medicine for several thousand years. The roots of this plant contain bioactive compounds, such as wogonin (WOG), wogonoside, baicalein, and baicalin. The aim of this article is to evaluate the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of action of WOG against different cancers. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have revealed that WOG exerts immense therapeutic potential against bladder cancer, breast cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, gallbladder cancer, gastric cancer, glioblastoma, head and neck cancer, hepatic cancer, leukemia, lung cancer, lymphoma, melanoma, multiple myeloma, neuroblastoma, osteosarcoma, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, and renal cancer by regulating various cell signaling pathways. WOG, in combination with established chemotherapeutic drugs, improves the efficacy of treatment and lowers toxicity. Nevertheless, human trials are warranted to validate these findings. Numerous preclinical studies, combined with an extensive margin of safety and no severe side effects, underscore WOG's therapeutic potential as an anticancer drug. These studies propound the use of WOG as a potential anticancer candidate; however, further high‐quality studies are required to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of WOG for the prevention and treatment of human malignancies.
Keywords	Scutellaria baicalensis ; antineoplastic agents ; baicalin ; breast neoplasms ; colorectal neoplasms ; drug therapy ; gall bladder ; glioblastoma ; head and neck neoplasms ; humans ; kidney neoplasms ; leukemia ; liver neoplasms ; lung neoplasms ; margin of safety ; medicinal plants ; melanoma ; myeloma ; osteosarcoma ; ovarian neoplasms ; pancreatic neoplasms ; phytotherapy ; prostatic neoplasms ; research ; stomach neoplasms ; systematic review ; toxicity ; traditional medicine ; urinary bladder neoplasms ; uterine cervical neoplasms
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-05
Size	p. 1854-1883.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Document type	Article
Note	REVIEW
ZDB-ID	639136-9
ISSN	1099-1573 ; 0951-418X
ISSN (online)	1099-1573
ISSN	0951-418X
DOI	10.1002/ptr.7386
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Reiterating the Emergence of Noncoding RNAs as Regulators of the Critical Hallmarks of Gall Bladder Cancer.

Rana, Varsha / Parama, Dey / Khatoon, Elina / Girisa, Sosmitha / Sethi, Gautam / Kunnumakkara, Ajaikumar B

Biomolecules

2021 Volume 11, Issue 12

Abstract: Gall bladder cancer (GBC) is a rare and one of the most aggressive types of malignancies, often associated with a poor prognosis and survival. It is a highly metastatic cancer and is often not diagnosed at the initial stages, which contributes to a poor ... ...

Abstract	Gall bladder cancer (GBC) is a rare and one of the most aggressive types of malignancies, often associated with a poor prognosis and survival. It is a highly metastatic cancer and is often not diagnosed at the initial stages, which contributes to a poor survival rate of patients. The poor diagnosis and chemoresistance associated with the disease limit the scope of the currently available surgical and nonsurgical treatment modalities. Thus, there is a need to explore novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers that will help relieve the severity of the disease and lead to advanced therapeutic strategies. Accumulating evidence has correlated the atypical expression of various noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including circular RNAs (circRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNA) with the increased cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, migration, metastasis, chemoresistance, and decreased apoptosis in GBC. Numerous reports have indicated that the dysregulated expression of ncRNAs is associated with poor prognosis and lower disease-free and overall survival in GBC patients. These reports suggest that ncRNAs might be considered novel diagnostic and prognostic markers for the management of GBC. The present review recapitulates the association of various ncRNAs in the initiation and progression of GBC and the development of novel therapeutic strategies by exploring their functional and regulatory role.
MeSH term(s)	Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Gallbladder Neoplasms/genetics ; Gallbladder Neoplasms/mortality ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Prognosis ; RNA, Untranslated/genetics ; Survival Analysis
Chemical Substances	RNA, Untranslated
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2701262-1
ISSN	2218-273X ; 2218-273X
ISSN (online)	2218-273X
ISSN	2218-273X
DOI	10.3390/biom11121847
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Targeting Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) for developing novel therapeutics against cancer.

Girisa, Sosmitha / Henamayee, Sahu / Parama, Dey / Rana, Varsha / Dutta, Uma / Kunnumakkara, Ajaikumar B

Molecular biomedicine

2021 Volume 2, Issue 1, Page(s) 21

Abstract: Cancer is one of the lethal diseases that arise due to the molecular alterations in the cell. One of those alterations associated with cancer corresponds to differential expression of Farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a nuclear receptor regulating bile, ... ...

Abstract	Cancer is one of the lethal diseases that arise due to the molecular alterations in the cell. One of those alterations associated with cancer corresponds to differential expression of Farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a nuclear receptor regulating bile, cholesterol homeostasis, lipid, and glucose metabolism. FXR is known to regulate several diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular diseases, the two highly reported causes of mortality globally. Recent studies have shown the association of FXR overexpression with cancer development and progression in different types of cancers of breast, lung, pancreas, and oesophagus. It has also been associated with tissue-specific and cell-specific roles in various cancers. It has been shown to modulate several cell-signalling pathways such as EGFR/ERK, NF-κB, p38/MAPK, PI3K/AKT, Wnt/β-catenin, and JAK/STAT along with their targets such as caspases, MMPs, cyclins; tumour suppressor proteins like p53, C/EBPβ, and p-Rb; various cytokines; EMT markers; and many more. Therefore, FXR has high potential as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of cancer. Thus, the present review focuses on the diverse role of FXR in different cancers and its agonists and antagonists.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-10
Publishing country	Singapore
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2662-8651
ISSN (online)	2662-8651
DOI	10.1186/s43556-021-00035-2
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Differential roles of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in modulating apoptosis in cancer cells.

Girisa, Sosmitha / Rana, Varsha / Parama, Dey / Dutta, Uma / Kunnumakkara, Ajaikumar B

Advances in protein chemistry and structural biology

2021 Volume 126, Page(s) 63–90

Abstract: Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality in the world. The conventional treatment strategies of cancer are surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. However, in the advanced stage of the disease chemotherapy is the prime treatment and it is effective ...

Abstract	Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality in the world. The conventional treatment strategies of cancer are surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. However, in the advanced stage of the disease chemotherapy is the prime treatment and it is effective in only less than 10% of the patients. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find out novel therapeutic targets and delineate the mechanism of action of these targets for better management of this disease. Recent studies have shown that some of the proteins have differential role in different cancers. Therefore, it is pertinent that the targeting of these proteins should be based on the type of cancer. The nuclear receptor, FXR, is one of the vital proteins that regulate cell apoptosis. Besides, it also regulates other processes such as cell proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, and migration. Studies suggest that the low or high expression of FXR is associated with the progression of carcinogenesis depending on the cancer types. Due to the diverse expression, it functions as both tumor suppressor and promoter. Previous studies suggest the overexpression of FXR in breast, lung, esophageal, and prostate cancer, which is related to poor survival and poor prognosis in patients. Therefore, targeting FXR with agonists and antagonists play different outcome in different cancers. Hence, this review describes the role of FXR in different cancers and the role of its inhibitors and activators for the prevention and treatment of various cancers.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Apoptosis/immunology ; Carcinogenesis/immunology ; Carcinogenesis/pathology ; Cell Movement/immunology ; Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Proteins/immunology ; Neoplasms/blood supply ; Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Neoplasms/immunology ; Neoplasms/therapy ; Neovascularization, Pathologic/diagnosis ; Neovascularization, Pathologic/immunology ; Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology ; Neovascularization, Pathologic/therapy ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/immunology
Chemical Substances	Neoplasm Proteins ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear ; farnesoid X-activated receptor (0C5V0MRU6P)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-31
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	1876-1631 ; 1876-1623
ISSN (online)	1876-1631
ISSN	1876-1623
DOI	10.1016/bs.apcsb.2021.02.006
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Wogonin and its analogs for the prevention and treatment of cancer: A systematic review.

Banik, Kishore / Khatoon, Elina / Harsha, Choudhary / Rana, Varsha / Parama, Dey / Thakur, Krishan Kumar / Bishayee, Anupam / Kunnumakkara, Ajaikumar B

Phytotherapy research : PTR

2022 Volume 36, Issue 5, Page(s) 1854–1883

Abstract: The medicinal plant Scutellaria baicalensis, commonly known as Chinese skullcap or Huang-Qin, has been used as a traditional medicine for several thousand years. The roots of this plant contain bioactive compounds, such as wogonin (WOG), wogonoside, ... ...

Abstract	The medicinal plant Scutellaria baicalensis, commonly known as Chinese skullcap or Huang-Qin, has been used as a traditional medicine for several thousand years. The roots of this plant contain bioactive compounds, such as wogonin (WOG), wogonoside, baicalein, and baicalin. The aim of this article is to evaluate the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of action of WOG against different cancers. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have revealed that WOG exerts immense therapeutic potential against bladder cancer, breast cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, gallbladder cancer, gastric cancer, glioblastoma, head and neck cancer, hepatic cancer, leukemia, lung cancer, lymphoma, melanoma, multiple myeloma, neuroblastoma, osteosarcoma, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, and renal cancer by regulating various cell signaling pathways. WOG, in combination with established chemotherapeutic drugs, improves the efficacy of treatment and lowers toxicity. Nevertheless, human trials are warranted to validate these findings. Numerous preclinical studies, combined with an extensive margin of safety and no severe side effects, underscore WOG's therapeutic potential as an anticancer drug. These studies propound the use of WOG as a potential anticancer candidate; however, further high-quality studies are required to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of WOG for the prevention and treatment of human malignancies.
MeSH term(s)	Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology ; Flavanones/pharmacology ; Flavanones/therapeutic use ; Flavonoids ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Neoplasms/prevention & control ; Plant Extracts/pharmacology ; Scutellaria ; Scutellaria baicalensis
Chemical Substances	Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Flavanones ; Flavonoids ; Plant Extracts ; wogonin (POK93PO28W)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-31
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	639136-9
ISSN	1099-1573 ; 0951-418X
ISSN (online)	1099-1573
ISSN	0951-418X
DOI	10.1002/ptr.7386
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: From Simple Mouth Cavities to Complex Oral Mucosal Disorders-Curcuminoids as a Promising Therapeutic Approach.

Girisa, Sosmitha / Kumar, Aviral / Rana, Varsha / Parama, Dey / Daimary, Uzini Devi / Warnakulasuriya, Saman / Kumar, Alan Prem / Kunnumakkara, Ajaikumar B

ACS pharmacology & translational science

2021 Volume 4, Issue 2, Page(s) 647–665

Abstract: Oral diseases are among the most common encountered health issues worldwide, which are usually associated with anomalies of the oral cavity, jaws, and salivary glands. Despite the availability of numerous treatment modalities for oral disorders, a ... ...

Abstract	Oral diseases are among the most common encountered health issues worldwide, which are usually associated with anomalies of the oral cavity, jaws, and salivary glands. Despite the availability of numerous treatment modalities for oral disorders, a limited clinical response has been observed because of the inefficacy of the drugs and countless adverse side effects. Therefore, the development of safe, efficacious, and wide-spectrum therapeutics is imperative in the battle against oral diseases. Curcumin, extracted from the golden spice turmeric, is a well-known natural polyphenol that has been extensively studied for its broad pleiotropic attributes and its ability to modulate multiple biological processes. It is well-documented to target pro-inflammatory mediators like NF-κB, ROS, COX-2, IL-1, IL-2, TGF-β, growth factors, apoptotic proteins, receptors, and various kinases. These properties make curcumin a promising nutraceutical in the treatment of many oral diseases like oral submucous fibrosis, oral mucositis, oral leukoplakia, oral erythroplakia, oral candidiasis, aphthous stomatitis, oral lichen planus, dental caries, periodontitis, and gingivitis. Numerous
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2575-9108
ISSN (online)	2575-9108
DOI	10.1021/acsptsci.1c00017
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: The promising potential of piperlongumine as an emerging therapeutics for cancer.

Parama, Dey / Rana, Varsha / Girisa, Sosmitha / Verma, Elika / Daimary, Uzini Devi / Thakur, Krishan Kumar / Kumar, Aviral / Kunnumakkara, Ajaikumar B

Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy

2021 Volume 2, Issue 4, Page(s) 323–354

Abstract: In spite of the immense advancement in the diagnostic and treatment modalities, cancer continues to be one of the leading causes of mortality across the globe, responsible for the death of around 10 million patients every year. The foremost challenges ... ...

Abstract	In spite of the immense advancement in the diagnostic and treatment modalities, cancer continues to be one of the leading causes of mortality across the globe, responsible for the death of around 10 million patients every year. The foremost challenges faced in the treatment of this disease are chemoresistance, adverse effects of the drugs, and the high cost of treatment. Though scientific studies over the past few decades have foreseen and are focusing on the cancer-preventive and therapeutic potential of natural products and their underlying mechanism of action, many more of these agents are not still explored. Piperlongumine (PL), or piplartine, is one such alkaloid isolated from
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2692-3114
ISSN (online)	2692-3114
DOI	10.37349/etat.2021.00049
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: COVID-19, cytokines, inflammation, and spices: How are they related?

Kunnumakkara, Ajaikumar B / Rana, Varsha / Parama, Dey / Banik, Kishore / Girisa, Sosmitha / Sahu, Henamayee / Thakur, Krishan Kumar / Dutta, Uma / Garodia, Prachi / Gupta, Subash C / Aggarwal, Bharat B

Life sciences. 2021 Jan. 30,

2021

Abstract: Cytokine storm is the exaggerated immune response often observed in viral infections. It is also intimately linked with the progression of COVID-19 disease as well as associated complications and mortality. Therefore, targeting the cytokine storm might ... ...

Abstract	Cytokine storm is the exaggerated immune response often observed in viral infections. It is also intimately linked with the progression of COVID-19 disease as well as associated complications and mortality. Therefore, targeting the cytokine storm might help in reducing COVID-19-associated health complications. The number of COVID-associated deaths (as of January 15, 2021; https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/) in the USA is high (1199/million) as compared to countries like India is low (110/million). Although the reason behind this is not clear, spices may have some role in explaining this difference. Spices and herbs are used in different traditional medicines, especially in countries such as India to treat various chronic diseases due to their potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.To evaluate the literature available on the anti-inflammatory properties of some spices which might prove beneficial in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 associated cytokine storm.A detailed literature search has been conducted on PubMed for collecting information pertaining to the COVID-19; the history, origin, key structural features, and mechanism of infection of SARS-CoV-2; the repurposed drugs in use for the management of COVID-19 and the anti-inflammatory role of spices to combat COVID-19 associated cytokine storm.The literature search resulted in numerous in vitro, in vivo and clinical trials that have reported the potency of spices to exert anti-inflammatory effects by regulating crucial molecular targets for inflammation.As spices are derived from Mother Nature and are inexpensive, they are relatively safer to consume. Therefore, their anti-inflammatory property can be exploited to combat the cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients. This review thus focuses on the current knowledge on the role of spices for the treatment of COVID-19 through suppression of inflammation-linked cytokine storm.
Keywords	COVID-19 infection ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; anti-inflammatory activity ; antioxidants ; cytokines ; immune response ; inflammation ; mortality ; India
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0130
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-light ; Pre-press version
ZDB-ID	3378-9
ISSN	1879-0631 ; 0024-3205
ISSN (online)	1879-0631
ISSN	0024-3205
DOI	10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119201
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Combining cysteine scanning with chemical labeling to map protein-protein interactions and infer bound structure in an intrinsically disordered region.

Ahmed, Shahbaz / Chattopadhyay, Gopinath / Manjunath, Kavyashree / Bhasin, Munmun / Singh, Neelam / Rasool, Mubashir / Das, Sayan / Rana, Varsha / Khan, Neha / Mitra, Debarghya / Asok, Aparna / Singh, Ramandeep / Varadarajan, Raghavan

Frontiers in molecular biosciences

2022 Volume 9, Page(s) 997653

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	The
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-07
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2814330-9
ISSN	2296-889X
ISSN	2296-889X
DOI	10.3389/fmolb.2022.997653
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Article ; Online: Emerging roles of cardamonin, a multitargeted nutraceutical in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases.

Daimary, Uzini Devi / Parama, Dey / Rana, Varsha / Banik, Kishore / Kumar, Aviral / Harsha, Choudhary / Kunnumakkara, Ajaikumar B

Current research in pharmacology and drug discovery

2020 Volume 2, Page(s) 100008

Abstract: Although chronic diseases are often caused by the perturbations in multiple cellular components involved in different biological processes, most of the approved therapeutics target a single gene/protein/pathway which makes them not as efficient as they ... ...

Abstract	Although chronic diseases are often caused by the perturbations in multiple cellular components involved in different biological processes, most of the approved therapeutics target a single gene/protein/pathway which makes them not as efficient as they are anticipated and are also known to cause severe side effects. Therefore, the pursuit of safe, efficacious, and multitargeted agents is imperative for the prevention and treatment of these diseases. Cardamonin is one such agent that has been known to modulate different signaling molecules such as transcription factors (NF-κB and STAT3), cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) enzymes (COX-2, MMP-9 and ALDH1), other proteins and genes (Bcl-2, XIAP and cyclin D1), involved in the development and progression of chronic diseases. Multiple lines of evidence emerging from pre-clinical studies advocate the promising potential of this agent against various pathological conditions like cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, neurological disorders, inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, etc., despite its poor bioavailability. Therefore, further studies are paramount in establishing its efficacy in clinical settings. Hence, the current review focuses on highlighting the underlying molecular mechanism of action of cardamonin and delineating its potential in the prevention and treatment of different chronic diseases.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-10
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2590-2571
ISSN (online)	2590-2571
DOI	10.1016/j.crphar.2020.100008
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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