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  1. Article ; Online: Remember the null hypothesis?

    Randolph, Christopher

    Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry

    2020  Volume 91, Issue 6, Page(s) 571

    MeSH term(s) Brain Concussion ; Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy ; Dementia ; Humans ; Mental Recall
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 3087-9
    ISSN 1468-330X ; 0022-3050
    ISSN (online) 1468-330X
    ISSN 0022-3050
    DOI 10.1136/jnnp-2019-322310
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  2. Article: Composite neurocognitive endpoints in Alzheimer's disease clinical trials: A commentary.

    Randolph, Christopher

    Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)

    2020  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) e12010

    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2832898-X
    ISSN 2352-8729
    ISSN 2352-8729
    DOI 10.1002/dad2.12010
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  3. Article ; Online: The Utility of Episodic Memory Cut-Off Scores for Inclusion in Clinical Trials for Early Symptomatic Alzheimer Disease.

    Randolph, Christopher

    The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry

    2019  Volume 27, Issue 12, Page(s) 1428–1432

    Abstract: Correctly diagnosing early symptomatic Alzheimer disease in the context of multinational clinical trials poses a significant challenge. Subjective complaints of memory are fairly ubiquitous in an older population, and establishing the presence of ... ...

    Abstract Correctly diagnosing early symptomatic Alzheimer disease in the context of multinational clinical trials poses a significant challenge. Subjective complaints of memory are fairly ubiquitous in an older population, and establishing the presence of definitive cognitive decline from clinical assessments is difficult. Most such trials have adopted the use of standardized episodic memory measures as an inclusion criterion, typically setting the cutoff at one standard deviation below age normal means. This is useful in terms of establishing the presence of an objective impairment of memory, thereby excluding subjects with purely subjective complaints and increasing the probability that clinical outcome measures will be sensitive to disease progression. Further demographic adjustments are unnecessary as other demographic variables are not strongly associated with memory performance, are difficult to equate across cultures, and will not eventuate in reduced screen fail rates and would be challenging to implement. Not all episodic memory measures are equivalent for this purpose, however, and existing data suggest significant variability in terms of specificity for identifying true (i.e., amyloid positive) early symptomatic AD.
    MeSH term(s) Alzheimer Disease ; Cognition ; Cognitive Dysfunction ; Humans ; Memory, Episodic ; Neuropsychological Tests
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-08-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 1278145-9
    ISSN 1545-7214 ; 1064-7481
    ISSN (online) 1545-7214
    ISSN 1064-7481
    DOI 10.1016/j.jagp.2019.08.012
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  4. Article ; Online: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy is not a real disease.

    Randolph, Christopher

    Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists

    2018  Volume 33, Issue 5, Page(s) 644–648

    Abstract: There was a long-lasting debate during the first half of the 1900s about whether boxers suffered from a condition called "dementia pugilistica". This included arguments as to whether there was such a distinct clinical condition, whether it was static or ... ...

    Abstract There was a long-lasting debate during the first half of the 1900s about whether boxers suffered from a condition called "dementia pugilistica". This included arguments as to whether there was such a distinct clinical condition, whether it was static or progressive, and whether boxers were actually at any increased risk of any neurological issues at all. The debate was never resolved, but was resuscitated in 2005 with the speculation that a similar condition, dubbed "chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE)" existed in retired National Football League (NFL) players. A specific pattern of p-tau deposition has been identified in the brains of NFL retirees, and also identifiable in the brains of at least a percentage of individuals exposed to contact sports in general. Advocates of CTE as a disease describe it as presenting with behavioral disturbance, increased suicidality and neurodegeneration leading to dementia. The evidence to date, however, does not rise to the level of a verifiable disease, and remains at the level of case report. To assume that CTE pathology represents a neurodegenerative disease flies in the face of a number of facts, including that traumatic brain injury does not cause neurodegeneration, protein deposits in the brain are a poor predictor of behavioral symptoms, p-tau is not necessarily toxic or self-propagating, and retired NFL players are actually much physically and mentally healthier than men of their demographic background. They have an all-cause mortality rate that is 50% of that expected, and a suicide rate that is 40% of that expected. The most parsimonious explanation of the evidence to date is that repetitive head trauma may result in p-tau deposition, but that this isoform of p-tau is inert and has no toxic or self-propagating effects.
    MeSH term(s) Boxing ; Brain Injuries ; Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy/complications ; Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy/pathology ; Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy/psychology ; Football ; Humans ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/etiology ; Neuropsychological Tests
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-08-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 632972-x
    ISSN 1873-5843 ; 0887-6177
    ISSN (online) 1873-5843
    ISSN 0887-6177
    DOI 10.1093/arclin/acy063
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  5. Article ; Online: Seasonality of asthma: a retrospective population study.

    Randolph, Christopher

    Pediatrics

    2014  Volume 134 Suppl 3, Page(s) S165–6

    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 207677-9
    ISSN 1098-4275 ; 0031-4005
    ISSN (online) 1098-4275
    ISSN 0031-4005
    DOI 10.1542/peds.2014-1817DDD
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    Zs.MO 357: Show issues

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  6. Article ; Online: Dexamethasone for acute asthma exacerbations in children: a meta-analysis.

    Randolph, Christopher

    Pediatrics

    2014  Volume 134 Suppl 3, Page(s) S178–9

    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 207677-9
    ISSN 1098-4275 ; 0031-4005
    ISSN (online) 1098-4275
    ISSN 0031-4005
    DOI 10.1542/peds.2014-1817ZZZ
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  7. Article ; Online: Is chronic traumatic encephalopathy a real disease?

    Randolph, Christopher

    Current sports medicine reports

    2014  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 33–37

    Abstract: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) has received widespread media attention and is treated in the lay press as an established disease, characterized by suicidality and progressive dementia. The extant literature on CTE is reviewed here. There ... ...

    Abstract Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) has received widespread media attention and is treated in the lay press as an established disease, characterized by suicidality and progressive dementia. The extant literature on CTE is reviewed here. There currently are no controlled epidemiological data to suggest that retired athletes are at increased risk for dementia or that they exhibit any type of unique neuropathology. There remain no established clinical or pathological criteria for diagnosing CTE. Despite claims that CTE occurs frequently in retired National Football League (NFL) players, recent studies of NFL retirees report that they have an all-cause mortality rate that is approximately half of the expected rate, and even lower suicide rates. In addition, recent clinical studies of samples of cognitively impaired NFL retirees have failed to identify any unique clinical syndrome. Until further controlled studies are completed, it appears to be premature to consider CTE a verifiable disease.
    MeSH term(s) Boxing/injuries ; Boxing/statistics & numerical data ; Brain Injury, Chronic/classification ; Brain Injury, Chronic/diagnosis ; Brain Injury, Chronic/mortality ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Football/injuries ; Football/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Risk Factors ; United States/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2080040-X
    ISSN 1537-8918 ; 1537-890X
    ISSN (online) 1537-8918
    ISSN 1537-890X
    DOI 10.1097/OPX.0000000000000170
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    Zs.A 5922: Show issues Location:
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  8. Article ; Online: Pediatric exercise-induced bronchoconstriction: contemporary developments in epidemiology, pathogenesis, presentation, diagnosis, and therapy.

    Randolph, Christopher

    Current allergy and asthma reports

    2013  Volume 13, Issue 6, Page(s) 662–671

    Abstract: Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction is transient narrowing of the airways following strenuous exercise. It is the earliest sign of asthma and the last to resolve. EIB is found in 90 % of asthmatics and reflects underlying control of asthma. This review ... ...

    Abstract Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction is transient narrowing of the airways following strenuous exercise. It is the earliest sign of asthma and the last to resolve. EIB is found in 90 % of asthmatics and reflects underlying control of asthma. This review is focused on the contemporary developments in pediatric EIB: the epidemiology, pathogenesis, presentation, diagnosis and management. Proper diagnosis by objective pulmonary function and/or exercise challenge and therapy should allow the pediatric asthmatic to enjoy a healthy lifestyle including participation in the chosen sport.
    MeSH term(s) Asthma, Exercise-Induced/diagnosis ; Asthma, Exercise-Induced/epidemiology ; Asthma, Exercise-Induced/etiology ; Asthma, Exercise-Induced/therapy ; Bronchoconstriction ; Child ; Humans ; Life Style ; Sports
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-08-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2057370-4
    ISSN 1534-6315 ; 1529-7322
    ISSN (online) 1534-6315
    ISSN 1529-7322
    DOI 10.1007/s11882-013-0380-x
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    Zs.A 5548: Show issues Location:
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  9. Article ; Online: Phenolic acids prevent sex-steroid deficiency-induced bone loss and bone marrow adipogenesis in mice.

    Caviness, Perry C / Lazarenko, Oxana P / Blackburn, Michael L / Chen, Jennifer F / Randolph, Christopher E / Zabaleta, Jovanny / Zhan, Fenghuang / Chen, Jin-Ran

    The Journal of nutritional biochemistry

    2024  Volume 127, Page(s) 109601

    Abstract: Phenolic acids, such as hippuric acid (HA) and 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid (3-3-PPA), can be produced from microbiome digestion of polyphenols. Previously it was found that HA and 3-3-PPA facilitate bone formation and suppress bone resorption. ... ...

    Abstract Phenolic acids, such as hippuric acid (HA) and 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid (3-3-PPA), can be produced from microbiome digestion of polyphenols. Previously it was found that HA and 3-3-PPA facilitate bone formation and suppress bone resorption. However, the mechanism of action by which HA and 3-3-PPA protect bone from degeneration is currently unknown. In this report, we present that HA and 3-3-PPA suppression of bone resorption is able to ameliorate bone loss in an ovariectomy (OVX) osteopenic mouse model though not to the extent of Zoledronic acid (ZA). HA and 3-3-PPA treatments were shown to significantly decrease bone marrow adipocyte-like cell formation and inhibited gene expression of key adipogenesis regulator peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and lipoprotein lipase (Lpl) in bone from OVX mice. In addition, ChIP experiments showed that the association between PPARγ and Lpl promoter region in preadipocyte-like cells was significantly suppressed following HA or 3-3-PPA treatment. Contrasting HA and 3-3-PPA, ZA significantly increased TRAP activity in the area close to growth plate and significantly suppressed bone cell proliferation. These data suggest that phenolics acids such as HA or 3-3-PPA may prevent bone degeneration after OVX through suppression of inflammatory milieu in the bone.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Mice ; Animals ; Humans ; Adipogenesis ; Bone Marrow ; PPAR gamma/genetics ; PPAR gamma/metabolism ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic/drug therapy ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic/etiology ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic/prevention & control ; Bone Resorption ; Zoledronic Acid ; Steroids ; Ovariectomy ; Phenols ; Propionates ; Hydroxybenzoates
    Chemical Substances PPAR gamma ; Zoledronic Acid (6XC1PAD3KF) ; 3-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid ; phenolic acid (I3P9R8317T) ; Steroids ; Phenols ; Propionates ; Hydroxybenzoates
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1014929-6
    ISSN 1873-4847 ; 0955-2863
    ISSN (online) 1873-4847
    ISSN 0955-2863
    DOI 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109601
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    Zs.A 2838: Show issues Location:
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  10. Article ; Online: Diagnostic exercise challenge testing.

    Randolph, Christopher

    Current allergy and asthma reports

    2011  Volume 11, Issue 6, Page(s) 482–490

    Abstract: This article reviews the diagnostic challenge methods-both exercise and surrogate-for diagnosis of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) and EIB with known asthma. Indirect challenges that release the entire repertoire of mediators representative of ...

    Abstract This article reviews the diagnostic challenge methods-both exercise and surrogate-for diagnosis of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) and EIB with known asthma. Indirect challenges that release the entire repertoire of mediators representative of EIB and asthma are more specific for diagnosis and are recommended over direct challenges such as methacholine challenge, which are sensitive but nonspecific. Self-reported history and empiric therapeutic trials are not adequate for diagnosis of EIB with or without known asthma. Objective pulmonary function documentation with bronchodilator reversibility or exercise or surrogate challenge are optimal for diagnosis of EIB or EIB with known asthma. Such objective pulmonary function documentation is optimal for the proper management and healthy lifestyle of the exercising athlete or individual.
    MeSH term(s) Asthma, Exercise-Induced/diagnosis ; Bronchial Provocation Tests ; Bronchoconstriction ; Exercise Test ; Humans ; Mannitol ; Methacholine Chloride
    Chemical Substances Methacholine Chloride (0W5ETF9M2K) ; Mannitol (3OWL53L36A)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-09-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2057370-4
    ISSN 1534-6315 ; 1529-7322
    ISSN (online) 1534-6315
    ISSN 1529-7322
    DOI 10.1007/s11882-011-0225-4
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