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  1. Article ; Online: Chronic lung disease in paediatric patients

    Rania S. M. Ibrahim / Mona A. F. Hafez

    The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vol 53, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    Does magnetic resonance imaging has a role?

    2022  Volume 7

    Abstract: Abstract Background Pediatric chronic lung disease (CLD) refers to a range of distinct clinical and pathological disorders that affect children. High-resolution CT (HRCT) is critical for detecting and characterizing parenchymal abnormalities as well as ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background Pediatric chronic lung disease (CLD) refers to a range of distinct clinical and pathological disorders that affect children. High-resolution CT (HRCT) is critical for detecting and characterizing parenchymal abnormalities as well as determining their nature and distribution. Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) shows promising results, however, due to its poor spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio, imaging of the lung parenchyma remains a challenge. As a result, in addition to the initial CT, a follow-up MRI is required. The goal of this paper is to highlight the main imaging features of children with CLD and to evaluate the efficacy of MRI lungs in the diagnosis and monitoring of pediatric CLD. Results There was a strong positive correlation between CT and MRI, with a significant P-value. Findings of HRCT and MRI showed a qualitative agreement of 78% complete agreement. MRI helped primary diagnosis in 54% of cases compared to CT in 91% of cases. Conclusion MRI lungs are an equivalent technique to HRCT in assessing pediatric CLD; using the modified Helbich–Bhalla score, a strong correlation is obvious between both in the overall assessment. MRI is beneficial for case surveillance rather than primary diagnosis.
    Keywords Chronic lung disease ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Computed tomography ; Pediatric ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher SpringerOpen
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Beyond fetal magnetic resonance diagnosis of corpus callosum agenesis

    Rania S. M. Ibrahim / S. Emad-Eldin

    The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vol 51, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2020  Volume 12

    Abstract: Abstract Background Corpus callosum agenesis (CCA) is a midline congenital anomaly. Routine prenatal 2D ultrasonography (2D US) can suggest CCA. A definitive diagnosis and identification of more subtle associated neurological or non-neurological ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background Corpus callosum agenesis (CCA) is a midline congenital anomaly. Routine prenatal 2D ultrasonography (2D US) can suggest CCA. A definitive diagnosis and identification of more subtle associated neurological or non-neurological abnormalities are difficult to be detected by prenatal 2D US; therefore, a further study by fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is needed. This study highlights the role and evaluates the diagnostic value of fetal MRI in the diagnosis of CCA and identifying the associated anomalies, which is a prognostic of the postnatal developmental outcome. Results Out of 27 fetuses that were suspected to have CCA on prenatal US, fetal MRI diagnosed 25/27 fetuses (92.5%) with CCA, while the last 2/27 (7.5%) were ruled out; being false positive (FP) on prenatal US, they had normal corpus callosum (CC). Cases diagnosed as CCA were either complete 77.7% (n = 21) or partial agenesis 14.8% (n = 4). They were classified as followed: Only 5/25 (18.5%) had isolated CCA, while the majority 20/25 (74%) of CCA were complex form associated with other anomalies (most of them 14 cases (70%) associated with other neurological anomalies, while 4 cases (20%) associated with other non-neurological anomalies, and last 2 cases (10%) were having both anomalies). The diagnostic performance of fetal MRI in diagnosis of CCA was as follows: sensitivity 100%, specificity 67%, positive predictive value (PPV) 96%, negative predictive value (NPV) 100%, and accuracy 96.3%. The sensitivity of the detection of associated neurological abnormalities was 100% by fetal MRI for 75% by 2D US. Conclusion The prevalence of the complex CCA is higher than the isolated form. Fetal MRI is a valuable adjunctive complementary imaging to prenatal 2D US with high diagnostic performance in the diagnosis of fetuses with CCA. It confirms the diagnosis, assesses the extent of agenesis, and detects coexisting anomalies, which is a prognostic of the postnatal developmental outcome.
    Keywords Fetal brain ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Corpus callosum agenesis ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher SpringerOpen
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Pediatric cerebellar malformations

    Rania S. M. Ibrahim / Rania H. Hachem

    The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vol 51, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    magnetic resonance diagnostic merits and correlation with neurodevelopmental outcome

    2020  Volume 10

    Abstract: Abstract Background In spite of having many classifications for pediatric cerebellar malformations (PCMs), no broadly accepted classification is recommended. Associated neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with PCMs remain poorly defined. Neuroimaging ...

    Abstract Abstract Background In spite of having many classifications for pediatric cerebellar malformations (PCMs), no broadly accepted classification is recommended. Associated neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with PCMs remain poorly defined. Neuroimaging is compulsory for the diagnosis of cerebellar malformation and their associated abnormalities. This article emphasizes on the clinical and radiological traits of PCMs. It proposes a radiological classification and a diagnostic approach and assesses whether specific neuroimaging features in patients with PCM correlate with their neurodevelopmental outcomes. Results Fifty-eight pediatric patients were classified as follows: The majority of about 51 cases (88%) showed cerebellar hypoplasia and the remaining 7 cases (12%) showed cerebellar dysplasia. Twenty-six patients (45%) remained undiagnosed, while 32 patients (55%) were having a final diagnosis (24% Dandy-Walker malformation (DWM) (n = 14), 7% isolated vermian hypoplasia (n = 4), 7% congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG) (n = 4), 5% congenital muscular dystrophy (n = 3), 5% congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection (n = 30), 3% rhombencephalosynapsis (n = 2), 2% Lhermitte-Duclos syndrome (n = 1), and 2% DWM with Joubert syndrome (n = 1)). Overall, for the neurodevelopmental outcome, the majority of patients 90% (52/58) had a global developmental delay (GDD) which is a delay in two or more developmental domains. Both motor and language delay represented about 72% (37/58), intellectual disability was present in 59% (34/58), epilepsy in 53% (31/58), ataxic gait in 57% (33/58), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in 19% (11/58), autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in 17% (10/58), nystagmus and tremors in 15% (9/58), and behavioral changes in 7% (6/58). Most of the children with cerebellar hypoplasia, about 93%, had GDD. Also, patients with PCH associated with a severe GDD, 75% had a language delay, 50% had intellectual and motor delay, and about 25% had epilepsy. However, we observed mild GDD in half ...
    Keywords Cerebellum ; Neuroimaging ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Neurodevelopment ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher SpringerOpen
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Value of magnetic resonance spectroscopy in assessment of adnexal lesions

    Rania S. M. Ibrahim / Marwa Sh. Abd El Fattah / Zeinab M. Metwally / Lamiaa A. S. Eldin

    The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vol 50, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2019  Volume 12

    Abstract: Abstract Background The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of proton MR spectroscopy (1H-MRS) in the characterization and diagnosis of ovarian lesions. Results From October 2015 to October 2017, a total of 57 female patients (65 adnexal ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of proton MR spectroscopy (1H-MRS) in the characterization and diagnosis of ovarian lesions. Results From October 2015 to October 2017, a total of 57 female patients (65 adnexal lesions; 8 cases were bilateral) were included. The examined lesions were classified according to their histopathological findings, (37 (57%) benign lesions, 4 (6%) borderline lesions, and 24 (37%) malignant lesions). The mean choline/creatinine (CHO/Cr) ratio was 1.29 ± 0.98 SD for malignant lesions, while the mean value in borderline lesions was 0.63 ± 0.15 SD, and the mean value for the benign lesions was 0.65 ± 0.34. Therefore, the mean CHO/Cr ratio was much higher in malignant than in benign lesions, which was statistically significant (P ≤ 0.001) as well as between the borderline and invasive lesions (P = 0.05), but not between the benign and borderline lesions. The diagnostic performance of conventional MRI in diagnosing adnexal lesions was 100%, specificity was 76%, and accuracy was 86%. However, MRS individual diagnostic performances are the following: sensitivity 89%, specificity, and 100% with an accuracy of 95%. Conclusion MRS proved to be an accurate and efficient method for the analysis of adnexal lesions and in differentiation between benign and malignant tumors.
    Keywords Magnetic resonance spectroscopy ; Adnexal lesions ; Preoperative ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher SpringerOpen
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

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  5. Article ; Online: Functional MRI in the pre-operative assessment of GI-RADS 3, 4, and 5 ovarian masses

    Rania S. M. Ibrahim / Manar A. E. L. O. Maher / Solava Abdalaziz / Samar Amer / Doaa Shafie / Soha T. Hamed

    The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vol 50, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2019  Volume 14

    Abstract: Abstract Background Characterization of an ovarian lesion is a diagnostic challenge. A correct preoperative assessment is of great importance so as to arrange adequate therapeutic procedures. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the diagnostic ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background Characterization of an ovarian lesion is a diagnostic challenge. A correct preoperative assessment is of great importance so as to arrange adequate therapeutic procedures. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the diagnostic performance of functional MRI in differentiation between malignant, borderline, and benign ovarian masses. Results This study included 56 adnexal lesions. Bilateral synchronous ovarian lesions are detected in 16 cases. Postoperative histologically proved to be benign in 17 (30%), borderline (low potential malignancy) in 12 (22%), and malignant in 27 (48%). The overall diagnostic performance of conventional MRI in the diagnosis of adenexal lesion was a sensitivity of 74%, specificity of 47%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 76%, negative predictive value (NPV) of 44%, and an accuracy of 66%. Functional pelvic MRI examination showed an increase in overall diagnostic performance compared to conventional values with the highest sensitivity of 90% and NPV of 67% using DWI, and the highest specificity of 88%, PPV of 94%, and an accuracy of 82% using DCE MRI. Conclusion Functional MRI in conjugation with conventional MRI plays a key role in the ovarian lesion detection, characterization, and staging. Functional MRI is currently being evaluated as possible predictive and prognostic biomarkers in ovarian lesions.
    Keywords Functional MRI ; Ovarian masses ; Preoperative ; GI-RADS ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher SpringerOpen
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

  6. Article ; Online: Multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging in acute necrotizing encephalopathy of children

    Rania S. M. Ibrahim / W. Elzayat / H. M. Seif / H. A. El-Kiki / S. Emad-Eldin / M. Shahin / S. M. Kamel / R. Osama / R. Zakaryia / M. Fatouh / Rania H. Hachem

    The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vol 51, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    validity and prognostic value

    2020  Volume 11

    Abstract: Abstract Background Acute necrotizing encephalopathy of children (ANEC) is a rare fulminant type of acute encephalopathy that mainly occurs in children with a characteristic clinico-radiological pattern. It is commonly preceded by viral infections. The ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background Acute necrotizing encephalopathy of children (ANEC) is a rare fulminant type of acute encephalopathy that mainly occurs in children with a characteristic clinico-radiological pattern. It is commonly preceded by viral infections. The condition carries a poor prognosis with high morbidity and mortality rates. We highlight the relationship between diagnostic multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and correlate them with the clinical outcome of children with ANEC by enrollment of MRI scoring. Results The thalami were involved in all 30 patients, brain stem in 80%, basal ganglia (13.3%), cerebral white matter (WM) in 73%, and cerebellar WM in 33%. Hemorrhage was present in 86.7% patients, edema 80%, and necrosis in 13.3%. We found that the patients having the highest MRI scores were in the poor outcome category; whereas the patients with lower MR score (1 or 2) had better outcomes. Statistically positive correlation (r= 0.1198) was found between the multi-parametric MR score and the outcome category. Conclusion An extended multi-parametric MRI should be performed in ANEC, allowing early detection and scoring of the disease for better prognosis. There is a positive correlation between the clinical outcome and the MR scoring.
    Keywords Acute necrotizing encephalopathy ; Children ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher SpringerOpen
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

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