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Article: Allergy symptoms in relation to alder and birch pollen concentrations in Finland

Jantunen, Juha / Saarinen, Kimmo / Rantio-Lehtimäki, Auli

Aerobiologia. 2012 June, v. 28, no. 2

2012

Abstract: In order to study allergic people responding to daily changes in pollen concentrations, we compared personal diary data on allergic symptoms and the use of allergy medicines to daily pollen counts during the two unequal alder and birch pollen seasons of ... ...

Abstract	In order to study allergic people responding to daily changes in pollen concentrations, we compared personal diary data on allergic symptoms and the use of allergy medicines to daily pollen counts during the two unequal alder and birch pollen seasons of 2009 and 2010. Almost 90% of the 61 subjects with physician-diagnosed birch pollinosis developed conjunctival, nasal or other symptoms during the peak birch pollination. Most subjects (95%) also reported symptoms during the alder pollination. Despite a delay between the most severe symptoms and the pollen peaks and the increased risk of allergy symptoms between the alder and birch pollen peaks at much lower pollen concentrations, the number of subjects with allergy symptoms correlated with the daily pollen concentrations in both years (r 09 = 0.35, r 10 = 0.36, p < 0.01). The positive correlation was even stronger (r 09 = 0.69, r 10 = 0.74, p < 0.001) in relation to the cumulative sum of daily concentrations. The use of allergy medicines precisely followed the abundance of allergy symptoms in both years (r 09 = 0.96, r 10 = 0.70, p < 0.001). We conclude that there is a fair correlation between the daily allergy symptoms and the particular pollen concentrations, but the risk of developing symptoms at low, moderate and high concentrations is affected by the progression of the pollen season.
Keywords	Betula ; hay fever ; nose ; people ; pollen ; pollination ; risk ; Finland
Language	English
Dates of publication	2012-06
Size	p. 169-176.
Publishing place	Springer-Verlag
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1499126-3
ISSN	1573-3025 ; 0393-5965
ISSN (online)	1573-3025
ISSN	0393-5965
DOI	10.1007/s10453-011-9221-3
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Indoor and outdoor pollen concentrations in private and public spaces during the Betula pollen season

Hugg, Timo / Rantio-Lehtimäki, Auli

Aerobiologia. 2007 June, v. 23, no. 2

2007

Abstract: Although the number of studies of pollen concentrations inside and outside buildings is increasing, little is known about the efficiency of penetration of pollen from outdoor to indoor air, and further. We studied indoor and outdoor pollen concentrations ...

Abstract	Although the number of studies of pollen concentrations inside and outside buildings is increasing, little is known about the efficiency of penetration of pollen from outdoor to indoor air, and further. We studied indoor and outdoor pollen concentrations in the town of Lappeenranta and in the municipality of Rautjärvi in SE Finland from May 3-23, 2004, i.e. throughout the Betula pollen season, and assessed the risk of exposure to pollen grains. Pollen concentrations were measured inside and outside a block of flats, a detached house, and the regional central hospital, using rotorod-type samplers; in the town of Joutseno data were compared with Burkard counts. Outdoor concentrations of Betula pollen grains ranged between low and abundant (0-855 grains m-³). The corresponding indoor concentrations near the main front doors varied from low to moderate (0-17 grains m-³) in the central hospital and were low (<10 grains m-³) in both residential buildings. Indoor concentrations further from the main front door were low (<10 grains m-³) at all study sites. The concentrations of Betula pollen decreased substantially from outdoors to indoors, and further toward the centre of the building, probably indicating relatively poor penetrating properties of the pollen grains and/or the short-lived presence of pollen grains in indoor air. The concentrations of Betula pollen inside the buildings during the peak flowering period were mostly at a level barely inducing reactions even in the most sensitive persons.
Keywords	Betula ; exposure
Language	English
Dates of publication	2007-06
Size	p. 119-129.
Publisher	Kluwer Academic Publishers
Publishing place	Dordrecht
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1499126-3
ISSN	1573-3025 ; 0393-5965
ISSN (online)	1573-3025
ISSN	0393-5965
DOI	10.1007/s10453-007-9057-z
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Article: Summer Spores of Birch Rust Fungus in Papanicolaou Smears from Healthy Mass Screening Participants

Korhonen, Anna-Maija / Issakainen, Jouni / Ekfors, Tauno / Talve, Lauri / Rantio-Lehtimäki, Auli

Acta Cytologica

2011 Volume 45, Issue 5, Page(s) 679–682

Institution	From Pathology Laboratory of South-Western Finland Ltd., and Pathology Unit, Turku University Central Hospital, Turku, Finland
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-04-12
Publisher	S. Karger AG
Publishing place	Basel, Switzerland
Document type	Article
Note	Original Articles
ZDB-ID	80003-x
ISSN	1938-2650 ; 0001-5547
ISSN (online)	1938-2650
ISSN	0001-5547
DOI	10.1159/000328287
Database	Karger publisher's database

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Article: A numerical model of birch pollen emission and dispersion in the atmosphere. Model evaluation and sensitivity analysis

Siljamo, Pilvi / Sofiev, Mikhail / Filatova, Elena / Grewling, Łukasz / Jäger, Siegfried / Khoreva, Ekaterina / Linkosalo, Tapio / Ortega Jimenez, Sara / Ranta, Hanna / Rantio-Lehtimäki, Auli / Svetlov, Anton / Veriankaite, Laura / Yakovleva, Ekaterina / Kukkonen, Jaakko

International journal of biometeorology. 2013 Jan., v. 57, no. 1

2013

Abstract: An evaluation of performance of the System for Integrated modeLling of Atmospheric coMposition (SILAM) in application to birch pollen dispersion is presented. The system is described in a companion paper whereas the current study evaluates the model ... ...

Abstract	An evaluation of performance of the System for Integrated modeLling of Atmospheric coMposition (SILAM) in application to birch pollen dispersion is presented. The system is described in a companion paper whereas the current study evaluates the model sensitivity to details of the pollen emission module parameterisation and to the meteorological input data. The most important parameters are highlighted. The reference year considered for the analysis is 2006. It is shown that the model is capable of predicting about two-thirds of allergenic alerts, with the odds ratio exceeding 12 for the best setup. Several other statistics corroborate with these estimations. Low-pollen concentration days are also predicted correctly in more than two-thirds of cases. The model experiences certain difficulties only with intermediate pollen concentrations. It is demonstrated that the most important input parameter is the near-surface temperature, the bias of which can easily jeopardise the results. The model sensitivity to random fluctuations of temperature is much lower. Other parameters important at various stages of pollen development, release, and dispersion are precipitation and ambient humidity, as well as wind direction.
Keywords	Betula ; allergenicity ; atmosphere ; atmospheric chemistry ; humidity ; mathematical models ; odds ratio ; pollen ; prediction ; temperature ; wind direction
Language	English
Dates of publication	2013-01
Size	p. 125-136.
Publishing place	Springer-Verlag
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	127361-9
ISSN	0067-8902 ; 0020-7128
ISSN	0067-8902 ; 0020-7128
DOI	10.1007/s00484-012-0539-5
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Article ; Online: A numerical model of birch pollen emission and dispersion in the atmosphere. Model evaluation and sensitivity analysis.

International journal of biometeorology

2012 Volume 57, Issue 1, Page(s) 125–136

Abstract	An evaluation of performance of the System for Integrated modeLling of Atmospheric coMposition (SILAM) in application to birch pollen dispersion is presented. The system is described in a companion paper whereas the current study evaluates the model sensitivity to details of the pollen emission module parameterisation and to the meteorological input data. The most important parameters are highlighted. The reference year considered for the analysis is 2006. It is shown that the model is capable of predicting about two-thirds of allergenic alerts, with the odds ratio exceeding 12 for the best setup. Several other statistics corroborate with these estimations. Low-pollen concentration days are also predicted correctly in more than two-thirds of cases. The model experiences certain difficulties only with intermediate pollen concentrations. It is demonstrated that the most important input parameter is the near-surface temperature, the bias of which can easily jeopardise the results. The model sensitivity to random fluctuations of temperature is much lower. Other parameters important at various stages of pollen development, release, and dispersion are precipitation and ambient humidity, as well as wind direction.
MeSH term(s)	Atmosphere ; Betula ; Europe ; Flowers ; Models, Theoretical ; Pollen ; Weather
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-03-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Evaluation Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	280324-0
ISSN	1432-1254 ; 0020-7128
ISSN (online)	1432-1254
ISSN	0020-7128
DOI	10.1007/s00484-012-0539-5
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Microbial growth inside insulated external walls as an indoor air biocontamination source.

Pessi, Anna-Mari / Suonketo, Jommi / Pentti, Matti / Kurkilahti, Mika / Peltola, Kaija / Rantio-Lehtimäki, Auli

Applied and environmental microbiology

2001 Volume 68, Issue 2, Page(s) 963–967

Abstract: The association between moisture-related microbial growth (mesophilic fungi and bacteria) within insulated exterior walls and microbial concentrations in the indoor air was studied. The studied apartment buildings with precast concrete external walls ... ...

Abstract	The association between moisture-related microbial growth (mesophilic fungi and bacteria) within insulated exterior walls and microbial concentrations in the indoor air was studied. The studied apartment buildings with precast concrete external walls were situated in a subarctic zone. Actinomycetes in the insulation layer were found to have increased concentrations in the indoor air. The moisture content of the indoor air significantly affected all measurable airborne concentrations.
MeSH term(s)	Actinomycetales/isolation & purification ; Air Microbiology ; Air Pollution, Indoor/adverse effects ; Bacteria/isolation & purification ; Cold Climate ; Colony Count, Microbial ; Construction Materials/microbiology ; Environmental Monitoring ; Fungi/isolation & purification ; Housing
Language	English
Publishing date	2001-10-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	223011-2
ISSN	1098-5336 ; 0099-2240
ISSN (online)	1098-5336
ISSN	0099-2240
DOI	10.1128/AEM.68.2.963-967.2002
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Article ; Online: Variation of the group 5 grass pollen allergen content of airborne pollen in relation to geographic location and time in season.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology

2015 Volume 136, Issue 1, Page(s) 87–95.e6

Abstract: Background: Allergies to grass pollen are the number one cause of outdoor hay fever. The human immune system reacts with symptoms to allergen from pollen.: Objective: We investigated the natural variability in release of the major group 5 allergen ... ...

Abstract	Background: Allergies to grass pollen are the number one cause of outdoor hay fever. The human immune system reacts with symptoms to allergen from pollen. Objective: We investigated the natural variability in release of the major group 5 allergen from grass pollen across Europe. Methods: Airborne pollen and allergens were simultaneously collected daily with a volumetric spore trap and a high-volume cascade impactor at 10 sites across Europe for 3 consecutive years. Group 5 allergen levels were determined with a Phl p 5-specific ELISA in 2 fractions of ambient air: particulate matter of greater than 10 μm in diameter and particulate matter greater than 2.5 μm and less than 10 μm in diameter. Mediator release by ambient air was determined in FcεRI-humanized basophils. The origin of pollen was modeled and condensed to pollen potency maps. Results: On average, grass pollen released 2.3 pg of Phl p 5 per pollen. Allergen release per pollen (potency) varied substantially, ranging from less than 1 to 9 pg of Phl p 5 per pollen (5% to 95% percentile). The main variation was locally day to day. Average potency maps across Europe varied between years. Mediator release from basophilic granulocytes correlated better with allergen levels per cubic meter (r(2) = 0.80, P < .001) than with pollen grains per cubic meter (r(2) = 0.61, P < .001). In addition, pollen released different amounts of allergen in the non-pollen-bearing fraction of ambient air, depending on humidity. Conclusion: Across Europe, the same amount of pollen released substantially different amounts of group 5 grass pollen allergen. This variation in allergen release is in addition to variations in pollen counts. Molecular aerobiology (ie, determining allergen in ambient air) might be a valuable addition to pollen counting.
MeSH term(s)	Air/analysis ; Basophils/physiology ; Cell Degranulation ; Europe ; Humans ; Humidity ; Particulate Matter/analysis ; Plant Proteins/analysis ; Poaceae/immunology ; Pollen/chemistry ; Receptors, IgE/genetics ; Receptors, IgE/metabolism ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/epidemiology ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/immunology ; Seasons
Chemical Substances	FcepsilonRI gamma-chain, human ; Particulate Matter ; Phl p V protein, Phleum pratense ; Plant Proteins ; Receptors, IgE
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	121011-7
ISSN	1097-6825 ; 1085-8725 ; 0091-6749
ISSN (online)	1097-6825 ; 1085-8725
ISSN	0091-6749
DOI	10.1016/j.jaci.2015.01.049
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Article: Influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation on grass pollen counts in Europe

Smith, Matt / Emberlin, Jean / Stach, Alicja / Rantio-Lehtimäki, Auli / Caulton, Eric / Thibaudon, Michel / Sindt, Charlotte / Jäger, Siegfried / Gehrig, Regula / Frenguelli, Giuseppe / Jato, Victoria / Rajo, F. Javier Rodríguez / Alcázar, Purificación / Galán, Carmen

Aerobiologia. 2009 Dec., v. 25, no. 4

2009

Abstract: Relationships between temporal variations in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and grass pollen counts at 13 sites in Europe, ranging from Córdoba in the south-west and Turku in the north-east, were studied in order to determine spatial differences in ...

Abstract	Relationships between temporal variations in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and grass pollen counts at 13 sites in Europe, ranging from Córdoba in the south-west and Turku in the north-east, were studied in order to determine spatial differences in the amount of influence exerted by the NAO on the timing and magnitude of grass pollen seasons. There were a number of significant (P < 0.05) relationships between the NAO and start dates of the grass pollen season at the 13 pollen-monitoring sites. The strongest associations were generally recorded near to the Atlantic coast. Several significant correlations also existed between winter averages of the NAO and grass pollen season severity. Traditional methods for predicting the start or magnitude of grass pollen seasons have centred on the use of local meteorological observations, but this study has shown the importance of considering large-scale patterns of climate variability like the NAO.
Keywords	climate ; grasses ; meteorological data ; pollen ; prediction ; temporal variation ; Europe
Language	English
Size	p. 321-332.
Publishing place	Springer Netherlands
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1499126-3
ISSN	1573-3025 ; 0393-5965
ISSN (online)	1573-3025
ISSN	0393-5965
DOI	10.1007/s10453-009-9136-4
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Release of Bet v 1 from birch pollen from 5 European countries. Results from the HIALINE study

Buters, Jeroen T.M / Thibaudon, Michel / Smith, Matt / Kennedy, Roy / Rantio-Lehtimäki, Auli / Albertini, Roberto / Reese, Gerald / Weber, Bernhard / Galan, Carmen / Brandao, Rui / Antunes, Celia M / Jäger, Siegfried / Berger, Uwe / Celenk, Sevcan / Grewling, Łukasz / Jackowiak, Bogdan / Sauliene, Ingrida / Weichenmeier, Ingrid / Pusch, Gudrun /

Sarioglu, Hakan / Ueffing, Marius / Behrendt, Heidrun / Prank, Marje / Sofiev, Mikhail / Cecchi, Lorenzo

Atmospheric environment. 2012 Aug., v. 55

2012

Abstract: Exposure to allergens is pivotal in determining sensitization and allergic symptoms in individuals. Pollen grain counts in ambient air have traditionally been assessed to estimate airborne allergen exposure. However, the exact allergen content of ambient ...

Institution	The HIALINE working group
Abstract	Exposure to allergens is pivotal in determining sensitization and allergic symptoms in individuals. Pollen grain counts in ambient air have traditionally been assessed to estimate airborne allergen exposure. However, the exact allergen content of ambient air is unknown. We therefore monitored atmospheric concentrations of birch pollen grains and the matched major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 simultaneously across Europe within the EU-funded project HIALINE (Health Impacts of Airborne Allergen Information Network). Pollen count was assessed with Hirst type pollen traps at 10 l min⁻¹ at sites in France, United Kingdom, Germany, Italy and Finland. Allergen concentrations in ambient air were sampled at 800 l min⁻¹ with a Chemvol® high-volume cascade impactor equipped with stages PM > 10 μm, 10 μm > PM > 2.5 μm, and in Germany also 2.5 μm > PM > 0.12 μm. The major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 was determined with an allergen specific ELISA. Bet v 1 isoform patterns were analyzed by 2D-SDS-PAGE blots and mass spectrometric identification. Basophil activation was tested in an FcɛR1-humanized rat basophil cell line passively sensitized with serum of a birch pollen symptomatic patient. Compared to 10 previous years, 2009 was a representative birch pollen season for all stations. About 90% of the allergen was found in the PM > 10 μm fraction at all stations. Bet v 1 isoforms pattern did not vary substantially neither during ripening of pollen nor between different geographical locations. The average European allergen release from birch pollen was 3.2 pg Bet v 1/pollen and did not vary much between the European countries. However, in all countries a >10-fold difference in daily allergen release per pollen was measured which could be explained by long-range transport of pollen with a deviating allergen release. Basophil activation by ambient air extracts correlated better with airborne allergen than with pollen concentration. Although Bet v 1 is a mixture of different isoforms, its fingerprint is constant across Europe. Bet v 1 was also exclusively linked to pollen. Pollen from different days varied >10-fold in allergen release. Thus exposure to allergen is inaccurately monitored by only monitoring birch pollen grains. Indeed, a humanized basophil activation test correlated much better with allergen concentrations in ambient air than with pollen count. Monitoring the allergens themselves together with pollen in ambient air might be an improvement in allergen exposure assessment.
Keywords	Betula ; air ; allergens ; atmospheric chemistry ; blood serum ; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ; exposure assessment ; mass spectrometry ; monitoring ; patients ; pollen ; rats ; ripening ; spore traps ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Italy ; United Kingdom
Language	English
Dates of publication	2012-08
Size	p. 496-505.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	216368-8
ISSN	0004-6981 ; 1352-2310
ISSN	0004-6981 ; 1352-2310
DOI	10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.01.054
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Release of Bet v 1 from birch pollen from 5 European countries. Results from the HIALINE study

Buters, Jeroen T.M. / Thibaudon, Michel / Smith, Matt / Kennedy, Roy / Rantio-Lehtimäki, Auli / Albertini, Roberto / Reese, Gerald / Weber, Bernhard / Galan, Carmen / Brandao, Rui / Antunes, Celia M. / Jäger, Siegfried / Berger, Uwe / Celenk, Sevcan / Grewling, Łukasz / Jackowiak, Bogdan / Sauliene, Ingrida / Weichenmeier, Ingrid / Pusch, Gudrun /

Sarioglu, Hakan / Ueffing, Marius / Behrendt, Heidrun / Prank, Marje / Sofiev, Mikhail / Cecchi, Lorenzo

Atmospheric environment

Volume v. 55

Abstract	Exposure to allergens is pivotal in determining sensitization and allergic symptoms in individuals. Pollen grain counts in ambient air have traditionally been assessed to estimate airborne allergen exposure. However, the exact allergen content of ambient air is unknown. We therefore monitored atmospheric concentrations of birch pollen grains and the matched major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 simultaneously across Europe within the EU-funded project HIALINE (Health Impacts of Airborne Allergen Information Network). Pollen count was assessed with Hirst type pollen traps at 10 l min⁻¹ at sites in France, United Kingdom, Germany, Italy and Finland. Allergen concentrations in ambient air were sampled at 800 l min⁻¹ with a Chemvol® high-volume cascade impactor equipped with stages PM > 10 μm, 10 μm > PM > 2.5 μm, and in Germany also 2.5 μm > PM > 0.12 μm. The major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 was determined with an allergen specific ELISA. Bet v 1 isoform patterns were analyzed by 2D-SDS-PAGE blots and mass spectrometric identification. Basophil activation was tested in an FcɛR1-humanized rat basophil cell line passively sensitized with serum of a birch pollen symptomatic patient. Compared to 10 previous years, 2009 was a representative birch pollen season for all stations. About 90% of the allergen was found in the PM > 10 μm fraction at all stations. Bet v 1 isoforms pattern did not vary substantially neither during ripening of pollen nor between different geographical locations. The average European allergen release from birch pollen was 3.2 pg Bet v 1/pollen and did not vary much between the European countries. However, in all countries a >10-fold difference in daily allergen release per pollen was measured which could be explained by long-range transport of pollen with a deviating allergen release. Basophil activation by ambient air extracts correlated better with airborne allergen than with pollen concentration. Although Bet v 1 is a mixture of different isoforms, its fingerprint is constant across Europe. Bet v 1 was also exclusively linked to pollen. Pollen from different days varied >10-fold in allergen release. Thus exposure to allergen is inaccurately monitored by only monitoring birch pollen grains. Indeed, a humanized basophil activation test correlated much better with allergen concentrations in ambient air than with pollen count. Monitoring the allergens themselves together with pollen in ambient air might be an improvement in allergen exposure assessment.
Keywords	blood serum ; Betula ; monitoring ; exposure assessment ; ripening ; atmospheric chemistry ; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ; patients ; pollen ; mass spectrometry ; allergens ; air ; spore traps ; rats
Language	English
Document type	Article
ISSN	1352-2310
Database	AGRIS - International Information System for the Agricultural Sciences and Technology

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