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  1. Article: Hippocampus and its involvement in Alzheimer’s disease: a review

    Rao, Y. Lakshmisha / Ganaraja, B. / Murlimanju, B. V. / Joy, Teresa / Krishnamurthy, Ashwin / Agrawal, Amit

    3 Biotech. 2022 Feb., v. 12, no. 2

    2022  

    Abstract: Hippocampus is the significant component of the limbic lobe, which is further subdivided into the dentate gyrus and parts of Cornu Ammonis. It is the crucial region for learning and memory; its sub-regions aid in the generation of episodic memory. ... ...

    Abstract Hippocampus is the significant component of the limbic lobe, which is further subdivided into the dentate gyrus and parts of Cornu Ammonis. It is the crucial region for learning and memory; its sub-regions aid in the generation of episodic memory. However, the hippocampus is one of the brain areas affected by Alzheimer’s (AD). In the early stages of AD, the hippocampus shows rapid loss of its tissue, which is associated with the functional disconnection with other parts of the brain. In the progression of AD, atrophy of medial temporal and hippocampal regions are the structural markers in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Lack of sirtuin (SIRT) expression in the hippocampal neurons will impair cognitive function, including recent memory and spatial learning. Proliferation, differentiation, and migrations are the steps involved in adult neurogenesis. The microglia in the hippocampal region are more immunologically active than the other regions of the brain. Intrinsic factors like hormones, glia, and vascular nourishment are instrumental in the neural stem cell (NSC) functions by maintaining the brain’s microenvironment. Along with the intrinsic factors, many extrinsic factors like dietary intake and physical activity may also influence the NSCs. Hence, pro-neurogenic lifestyle could delay neurodegeneration.
    Keywords adults ; atrophy ; cognition ; food intake ; hippocampus ; lifestyle ; magnetism ; memory ; neural stem cells ; neurodegenerative diseases ; neurogenesis ; neuroglia ; physical activity ; sirtuins
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-02
    Size p. 55.
    Publishing place Springer International Publishing
    Document type Article
    Note Review
    ZDB-ID 2600522-0
    ISSN 2190-5738 ; 2190-572X
    ISSN (online) 2190-5738
    ISSN 2190-572X
    DOI 10.1007/s13205-022-03123-4
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article: Hippocampus and its involvement in Alzheimer's disease: a review.

    Rao, Y Lakshmisha / Ganaraja, B / Murlimanju, B V / Joy, Teresa / Krishnamurthy, Ashwin / Agrawal, Amit

    3 Biotech

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 2, Page(s) 55

    Abstract: Hippocampus is the significant component of the limbic lobe, which is further subdivided into the dentate gyrus and parts of Cornu Ammonis. It is the crucial region for learning and memory; its sub-regions aid in the generation of episodic memory. ... ...

    Abstract Hippocampus is the significant component of the limbic lobe, which is further subdivided into the dentate gyrus and parts of Cornu Ammonis. It is the crucial region for learning and memory; its sub-regions aid in the generation of episodic memory. However, the hippocampus is one of the brain areas affected by Alzheimer's (AD). In the early stages of AD, the hippocampus shows rapid loss of its tissue, which is associated with the functional disconnection with other parts of the brain. In the progression of AD, atrophy of medial temporal and hippocampal regions are the structural markers in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Lack of sirtuin (SIRT) expression in the hippocampal neurons will impair cognitive function, including recent memory and spatial learning. Proliferation, differentiation, and migrations are the steps involved in adult neurogenesis. The microglia in the hippocampal region are more immunologically active than the other regions of the brain. Intrinsic factors like hormones, glia, and vascular nourishment are instrumental in the neural stem cell (NSC) functions by maintaining the brain's microenvironment. Along with the intrinsic factors, many extrinsic factors like dietary intake and physical activity may also influence the NSCs. Hence, pro-neurogenic lifestyle could delay neurodegeneration.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-01
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2600522-0
    ISSN 2190-5738 ; 2190-572X
    ISSN (online) 2190-5738
    ISSN 2190-572X
    DOI 10.1007/s13205-022-03123-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Effect of resveratrol and combination of resveratrol and donepezil on the expression of microglial cells and astrocytes in

    Rao, Y Lakshmisha / Ganaraja, B / Suresh, Pooja K / Joy, Teresa / Ullal, Sheetal D / Manjrekar, Poornima A / Murlimanju, B V / Sharma, B Gaurav

    3 Biotech

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 9, Page(s) 319

    Abstract: Aim: The goal was to evaluate the effect of resveratrol (RS) and combination therapy of RS and donepezil (DPZ), on the numerical expression of microglial cells and astrocytes, in the frontal cortex, regions of the hippocampus in colchicine-induced ... ...

    Abstract Aim: The goal was to evaluate the effect of resveratrol (RS) and combination therapy of RS and donepezil (DPZ), on the numerical expression of microglial cells and astrocytes, in the frontal cortex, regions of the hippocampus in colchicine-induced Alzheimer's disease (AD) model.
    Methods: The study involved male albino
    Results: AD group showed an increase in the number of microglia, and the numbers declined in the treatment groups, RS 10, RS 20, RS10/10 and DPZ + RS (
    Conclusion: RS administration has diminished the microglial number and elevated the number of astrocytes. The elevated reactive astrocytes have decreased the microglial population. However, the limitation of our study is utilizing the colchicine for the induction of neurodegeneration. Using the transgenic models of AD may give a better insight into the pathogenesis and effect of RS. Another limitation of this study is the administration of RS and DPZ through different routes. The prospects of this research include studying the probiotic nature of RS and the effect of RS in other neurodegenerative disorders.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-26
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2600522-0
    ISSN 2190-5738 ; 2190-572X
    ISSN (online) 2190-5738
    ISSN 2190-572X
    DOI 10.1007/s13205-023-03743-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Comparison of malondialdehyde levels and superoxide dismutase activity in resveratrol and resveratrol/donepezil combination treatment groups in Alzheimer's disease induced rat model.

    Rao, Y Lakshmisha / Ganaraja, B / Marathe, Aradhana / Manjrekar, Poornima A / Joy, Teresa / Ullal, Sheetal / Pai, Mangala M / Murlimanju, B V

    3 Biotech

    2021  Volume 11, Issue 7, Page(s) 329

    Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the malondialdehyde (MDA) level and superoxide ... ...

    Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the malondialdehyde (MDA) level and superoxide dismutase
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-13
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2600522-0
    ISSN 2190-5738 ; 2190-572X
    ISSN (online) 2190-5738
    ISSN 2190-572X
    DOI 10.1007/s13205-021-02879-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Comparison of malondialdehyde levels and superoxide dismutase activity in resveratrol and resveratrol/donepezil combination treatment groups in Alzheimer’s disease induced rat model

    Rao, Y. Lakshmisha / Ganaraja, B / Marathe, Aradhana / Manjrekar, Poornima A / Joy, Teresa / Ullal, Sheetal / Pai, Mangala M / Murlimanju, B. V

    3 Biotech. 2021 July, v. 11, no. 7

    2021  

    Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the malondialdehyde (MDA) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in colchicine induced Alzheimer’s disease (AD), resveratrol (RS) treated and RS + donepezil (DPZ) treated rat models. The objective was to ... ...

    Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the malondialdehyde (MDA) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in colchicine induced Alzheimer’s disease (AD), resveratrol (RS) treated and RS + donepezil (DPZ) treated rat models. The objective was to compare the MDA level and SOD activity among these rat models. The present study included 3 months old male albino Wistar rats, which were in-house bred and weighting about 220–250 g. The rats were divided into nine subgroups which included control, sham, AD induced, RS treated and DPZ treated groups in different doses and combinations. The lipid peroxidation product for MDA in the brain homogenate was measured by estimating the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance. Estimation of SOD was done by the method of autoxidation of pyrogallol by Marklund and Marklund. There was a marked increase in the MDA levels in AD induced group in comparison to the control group (p < 0.05). The SOD activity was higher in the RS 10 and RS 20 treated groups in contrast to the AD group (p < 0.05). In DPZ + RS group, there was a substantial increase in the SOD activity (p < 0.05). It is also observed that the RS 20 treatment group showed higher SOD activity than the RS 10 group (p < 0.05). This study showed that, AD induced group had elevated levels of MDA, which indicates the poor oxidative stress–defence mechanism. The RS 10 and RS 20 groups showed higher SOD activity in comparison to the AD group, which indicated the improved oxidative stress–defence mechanism. The RS + DPZ group showed higher SOD activity, indicating a synergistic effect of DPZ and RS.
    Keywords albino ; animal models ; autoxidation ; brain ; colchicine ; lipid peroxidation ; males ; malondialdehyde ; pyrogallol ; rats ; resveratrol ; superoxide dismutase ; synergism ; thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-07
    Size p. 329.
    Publishing place Springer International Publishing
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2600522-0
    ISSN 2190-5738 ; 2190-572X
    ISSN (online) 2190-5738
    ISSN 2190-572X
    DOI 10.1007/s13205-021-02879-5
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

    Full text online

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  6. Article: Undivided Retromandibular Vein Leading to the Absence of External Jugular Vein

    Rao, Y. Lakshmisha / Ballal, Vaishnavi / Murlimanju, B. V. / Pai, Mangala M. / Tonse, Mamatha / Krishnamurthy, Ashwin

    Journal of Morphological Sciences

    2018  Volume 35, Issue 04, Page(s) 225–228

    Abstract: We report a case of undivided retromandibular vein (RV) that was associated with the absence of external jugular vein (EJV). This variation in the jugular venous system was observed on the right side of the neck of a male cadaver. The posterior auricular ...

    Abstract We report a case of undivided retromandibular vein (RV) that was associated with the absence of external jugular vein (EJV). This variation in the jugular venous system was observed on the right side of the neck of a male cadaver. The posterior auricular vein drained into the RV, which joined the facial vein resulting in a common trunk. This common trunk then drained directly into the internal jugular vein (IJV) thus bypassing the whole venous drainage area of the EJV. It is believed that the knowledge about the venous variations, as in the present case, is enlightening to the clinicians. The preoperative evaluation of the venous system is essential to prevent complications like catastrophic bleeding and embolism. The knowledge may guide the emergency physician for a quicker cannulation of the veins.
    Keywords common trunk ; external jugular vein ; retromandibular vein
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-11-09
    Publisher Thieme Revinter Publicações Ltda
    Publishing place Stuttgart ; New York
    Document type Article
    ISSN 2177-0298
    ISSN (online) 2177-0298
    DOI 10.1055/s-0038-1675760
    Database Thieme publisher's database

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