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Article ; Online: Brain magnetic resonance imaging surface-based analysis and cortical thickness measurement in relapsing remission multiple sclerosis

Michael Baghdadi / Manal Ezzat Badwey / Mohamed Khalil / Rasha Mahmoud Dawoud

The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vol 53, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2022 Volume 20

Abstract: Abstract Background Damage occurs in the brain tissue in MS which appears normal on standard conventional imaging (normal appearing brain tissue). This slow, evolving damage can be monitored by nonconventional advanced MR imaging techniques. New ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Damage occurs in the brain tissue in MS which appears normal on standard conventional imaging (normal appearing brain tissue). This slow, evolving damage can be monitored by nonconventional advanced MR imaging techniques. New techniques for the measurement of cortical thickness have been validated against histological analysis and manual measurements. The aim of our study was to study the role of MRI surface-based analysis and cortical thickness measurement in the evaluation of patients with Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis and to detect if there is localized rather than generalized cortical atrophy in Multiple Sclerosis patients and correlating these findings with clinical data. Results 30 patients and 30 healthy control were included in this study and they were subjected to cortical thickness analysis using MRI. The patients in our study showed decreased thickness of the precentral, paracentral, postcentral, posterior cingulate cortices and mean cortical thickness in both hemispheres when compared with the normal control group. Statistical analysis was significant (P value < 0.05) for the precentral, paracentral, postcentral, posterior cingulate cortices and mean cortical thickness in both hemispheres. On the other hand, statistical analysis was not significant (P value > 0.05) for other cortices. There was a significant negative correlation between the precentral, paracentral, postcentral, posterior cingulate cortices and mean cortical thickness in both hemispheres and EDSS scores with correlation coefficients ranging from − 0.9878 to − 0.7977. Conclusions MRI and post-processing segmentation analysis for cortical thickness is non-invasive imaging techniques that can increase the level of diagnostic confidence in diagnosis of MS patients and should be included as routine modality when evaluating patients with MS.
Keywords	Multiple sclerosis ; MRI volumetry in RRMS ; Cortical thickness ; Cortical atrophy ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SpringerOpen
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Automated quantification of deep grey matter structures and white matter lesions using magnetic resonance imaging in relapsing remission multiple sclerosis

Mina Rizkallah / Mohamed Hefida / Mohamed Khalil / Rasha Mahmoud Dawoud

The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vol 52, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2021 Volume 17

Abstract: Abstract Background Brain volume loss (BVL) is widespread in MS and occurs throughout the disease course at a rate considerably greater than in the general population. In MS, brain volume correlates with and predicts future disability, making BVL a ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Brain volume loss (BVL) is widespread in MS and occurs throughout the disease course at a rate considerably greater than in the general population. In MS, brain volume correlates with and predicts future disability, making BVL a relevant measure of diffuse CNS damage leading to clinical disease progression, as well as serving as a useful outcome in evaluating MS therapies. The aim of our study was to evaluate the role of automated segmentation and quantification of deep grey matter structures and white matter lesions in Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis patients using MR images and to correlate the volumetric results with different degrees of disability based on expanded disability status scale (EDSS) scores. Results All the patients in our study showed relative atrophy of the thalamus and the putamen bilaterally when compared with the normal control group. Statistical analysis was significant for the thalamus and the putamen atrophy (P value < 0.05). On the other hand, statistical analysis was not significant for the caudate and the hippocampus (P value > 0.05); there was a significant positive correlation between the white matter lesions volume and EDSS scores (correlation coefficient of 0.7505). On the other hand, there was a significant negative correlation between the thalamus and putamen volumes, and EDSS scores (correlation coefficients < − 0.9), while the volumes of the caudate and the hippocampus had a very weak and non-significant correlation with the EDSS scores (correlation coefficients > − 0.35). Conclusions The automated segmentation and quantification tools have a great role in the assessment of brain structural changes in RRMS patients, and that it became essential to integrate these tools in the daily medical practice for the great value they add to the current evaluation measures.
Keywords	Multiple sclerosis ; MRI volumetry in RRMS ; Brain volume loss ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SpringerOpen
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Diffusion‐weighted imaging and conventional magnetic resonance imaging for detection of non-palpable undescended testis

Nagwa Emad Ali Mohammed / Manal Ezzat Badwey / Salah Abdelmonsef Nagla / Rasha Mahmoud Dawoud

The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vol 53, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2022 Volume 9

Abstract: Abstract Background MRI is noninvasive imaging tool and does not imply ionizing radiation and applies multiplanes images, but it is sometimes less efficient in locating intraabdominal functioning testicles and it fails to locate most of the atrophied ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background MRI is noninvasive imaging tool and does not imply ionizing radiation and applies multiplanes images, but it is sometimes less efficient in locating intraabdominal functioning testicles and it fails to locate most of the atrophied testicles. Our aim in this study was to assess the value of the combined conventional MR imaging and DWI in the detection of non-palpable undescended testes in pediatric patients and correlate the results with the laparoscopic finding. Results This prospective study was carried out from January 2020 to February 2022 on 60 pediatric patients with 68 non-palpable undescended testes referred from Urology department to the radiodiagnosis and medical imaging department at our institute for MR imaging evaluation of clinically diagnosed non-palpable undescended testis, and their age ranged from 6 months to 17 years with mean age of 4.24 ± 4.67 years. The conventional MRI sensitivity was 85.71%, specificity was 100%, NPV was 60%, and PPV was 100% with accuracy of 88.23%. The combined DWI and MRI sensitivity was 92.86%, specificity was 100%, NPV was 75%, and PPV was 100% with accuracy of 94.12%. DWI was able to detect all viable abdominal testes, while only detecting 26 (out of 28) inguinal testes. Combined assessment was able to detect all viable abdominal and inguinal testes. Conclusions Combined DWI with a high b value and conventional MRI including T1WI, T2WI and fat-suppression T2WI showed considerable diagnostic performance compared to conventional MRI alone improving the preoperative sensitivity and accuracy of detection of non-palpable undescended testes.
Keywords	Undescended testes ; Ultrasonography ; Diffusion-weighted imaging ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SpringerOpen
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Arterial spin-labelling and magnetic resonance spectroscopy as imaging biomarkers for detection of epileptogenic zone in non-lesional focal impaired awareness epilepsy

Rania Essam-el-dein Mohamed / Ashraf Ali Aboelsafa / Rasha Mahmoud Dawoud

The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vol 51, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2020 Volume 17

Abstract: Abstract Background The proper identification of an epileptic focus is a pivotal diagnostic issue; particularly in non-lesional focal impaired awareness epilepsy (FIAE). Seizures are usually accompanied by alterations of regional cerebral blood flow ( ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background The proper identification of an epileptic focus is a pivotal diagnostic issue; particularly in non-lesional focal impaired awareness epilepsy (FIAE). Seizures are usually accompanied by alterations of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and metabolism. Arterial spin labeling-MRI (ASL-MRI) and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) are MRI techniques that can, non-invasively, define the regions of cerebral perfusion and metabolic changes, respectively. The aim of the current study was to recognize the epileptogenic zone in patients with non-lesional FIAE by evaluating the interictal changes in rCBF and cerebral metabolic alterations, using PASL-MRI and 1H-MRS. Results For identification of the epileptogenic zone, increased ASLAI% assessed by PASL-MRI (at a cut-off value ≥ 5.96%) showed 95.78% accuracy, and increased (at a cut-off value ≥ 9.98%) showed 98.14% accuracy, while decreased NAA/(Cho + Cr) ratio estimated by multi-voxels (MV) 1H-MRS (at a cut-off value ≥ 0.59) showed 97.74% accuracy. Moreover, the combined use of PASL-MRI and MV 1H-MRS yielded 100% sensitivity, 98.45% specificity and 98.86% accuracy. Conclusion The combined use of PASL-MRI and MV 1H-MRS can be considered as in-vivo proficient bio-marker for proper identification of epileptogenic zone in patients with non-lesional FIAE.
Keywords	Arterial spin-labelling ; Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ; Focal impaired awareness epilepsy ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SpringerOpen
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Added value of strain elastosonography in prediction of malignancy in solitary thyroid nodule

Mohammed M. Dawoud / Rasha Mahmoud Dawoud

The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vol 48, Iss 4, Pp 905-

2017 Volume 912

Abstract: Aim and objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of elastosonographyin prediction of malignancy in solitary thyroid nodule. Methodology: 60 patients (37 females and 23 male) with solitary thyroid nodule were included, their age ranged from 21 to ... ...

Abstract	Aim and objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of elastosonographyin prediction of malignancy in solitary thyroid nodule. Methodology: 60 patients (37 females and 23 male) with solitary thyroid nodule were included, their age ranged from 21 to 52 years (mean age 30.6 years), grey scale, color-power Doppler US and elastography were performed for all patient. Results: Presence of hypoechogenicity, absent halo sign, irregular margins, microcalcifications and predominant intranodular vascularity were the most US patterns predictive of malignancy. Suspicious nodule by elastography (Astria score 3 and 4) were found in 19 nodules (31.7%), 9 of them were benign and 10 of them were malignant with sensitivity 58.82%, specificity 79.07% and accuracy 73.33%, combined suspicious US findings (TIRAD 4&5) and suspicious elastography score (3&4) were most predictive of malignancy which was found in 16 out of 17 nodules with sensitivity 94.12%, specificity 76.74% and accuracy 81.67%. Conclusion: Combined gray scale, color Doppler US and elastography were more sensitive and accurate than US features alone in prediction of malignancy of solitary thyroid nodules with sensitivity 94.12%, specificity 76.74% and accuracy 81.67%.
Keywords	TI-RADS ; Strain elastosonography ; Solitary thyroid nodule ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SpringerOpen
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Magnetic resonance susceptibility weighted in evaluation of cerebrovascular diseases

Amr Yehia Abd Elmotelb Sultan / Khalid Ismael ElShafey / Omar Ahmed Hassanien / Rasha Mahmoud Dawoud

The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vol 51, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2020 Volume 12

Abstract: Abstract Background Cerebrovascular diseases are considered a very hard burden as they may lead to poor outcome, and they are considered the second most common cause of morbidity and mortality after coronary artery disease. They include wide variety of ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Cerebrovascular diseases are considered a very hard burden as they may lead to poor outcome, and they are considered the second most common cause of morbidity and mortality after coronary artery disease. They include wide variety of diseases that affect vascularity of brain tissue with the most common one is stroke—either ischemic or hemorrhagic. The aim of the current study was to assess the role of susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) in imaging of different cerebrovascular diseases and what would be added by SWI to different routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences. Results Fifty-five patients enrolled in this study, 14 patients had lesions with calcifications, 13 patients had cavernoma, 10 patients had diffuse axonal injury, 11 patients with infarction, 2 patients with AVM, 2 patients with chronic microbleed, 2 patients with hemorrhage, and 1 patient with hemorrhagic tumor, and the result showed that SWI has sensitivity 100%, specificity 60%, and accuracy 91.9% in regard to diagnosis of cavernoma while sensitivity 91.7%, specificity 50%, and accuracy 85.7% in regard to diagnosis of calcification and regarding diagnosis of diffuse axonal injury; SWI has 98.3% sensitivity, 100% specificity, and 98.4% accuracy; finally, in regard to diagnosis of hemorrhagic lesions, SWI has 96.1% sensitivity, 66.7% specificity, and 93.1% accuracy. Conclusion SWI is very sensitive in the diagnosis and detection of actual number of vascular malformation like cavernomas than conventional MRI. SWI adds significant diagnostic value to routine MRI sequences in regard to calcification that was nearly limited in its diagnosis by CT. Diagnosis of microbleeds becomes easier and accurate with SWI. Diffuse axonal injury was and still considered a clinical diagnosis, but SWI becomes the gold standard in its imaging diagnosis confirming the clinical one.
Keywords	Susceptibility weighted imaging ; Cerebrovascular diseases ; Vascular malformation ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
Subject code	610 ; 616
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SpringerOpen
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Role of residual liver volumetry and function in prediction of liver tolerability after transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients

Abdallah A. Elsawy / Mohamed Mahmoud Dawoud / Reda A. Elarabawy / Waleed S. Mohamed / Rasha Mahmoud Dawoud

The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vol 51, Iss 1, Pp 1-

deriving a clinical decision support score

2020 Volume 13

Abstract: Abstract Background Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the recommended treatment modality for non-resectable intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma; however, this stage has wide variable levels of liver functions and tumor burden making a ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the recommended treatment modality for non-resectable intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma; however, this stage has wide variable levels of liver functions and tumor burden making a challenge as regards the tolerability of the functioning residual liver to this type of therapy. Further stratification of this intermediate stage may help the clinical decision for the suitability of TACE, so we tried to derive a clinical decision support tool to predict the tolerability of the functioning residual liver to TACE using pre-intervention liver reserve function and liver residual volume as well as tumor burden. Results Two hundred and fifty-two patients with non-resectable intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were consecutively included in this cohort study; all patients were blindly followed up for 6 weeks after TACE for manifestation of liver decompensation. For univariate logistic regression analysis, the significant predictors were age, s.albumin, s.bilirubin, prothrombin concentration (PC), tumor volume (TV), residual liver volume (RLV), and residual to liver volumetric ratio (RLVR) (sig, 0.007, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.002, and 0.000, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression analysis illustrated that s.albumin, s.bilirubin, PC, and RLVR were the most independent significant predictors (sig, 0.000 for all with adjusted OR 0.002, 22.692, 0.827, and 0.000, respectively). The discriminatory performance of our proposed decision support score (liver tolerability score) was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristics that identified two cutoff points (≤ 0.30 and ≥ 0.83) to rule out or rule in the possibility of liver decompensation after TACE, respectively (AUC, 0.942 and sig. 0.000). Liver tolerability score stratified the intermediate stage of HCC to 3 risk grades (low, medium, and high) with significant difference as regards hazard distribution. Conclusion Computed tomography image-based assessment of RLVR may have ...
Keywords	Liver volumetry ; Prediction ; Tolerability ; Trans-arterial chemoembolization ; Clinical decision ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SpringerOpen
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Vestibular cortex assessment using DTI & MRS complemented by rotatory chair technique in vestibulopathy patients with normal appearing brain MRI

Omar Ahmed Hassanien / Rasha Lotfy Younes / Rasha Mahmoud Dawoud / Mona Ahmed Kotait

The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vol 48, Iss 3, Pp 611-

2017 Volume 619

Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate the role of DTI & MRS complemented by rotatory chair technique in vestibular cortex assessment in vestibulopathy patients with normal brain MRI. Patient & method: The study was carried on 40 persons, 15 control group and 25 study ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: To evaluate the role of DTI & MRS complemented by rotatory chair technique in vestibular cortex assessment in vestibulopathy patients with normal brain MRI. Patient & method: The study was carried on 40 persons, 15 control group and 25 study group. Their age ranging from (50â75) years, they all subjected to Conventional MRI, Diffusion tensor imaging and MRS of the right operculum. Results: 5 cases gave very low gain with immeasurable phase and symmetry. They show abnormal MRI finding and were excluded from our study, 20 cases showed low gain with measurable levels of phase & symmetry. 15 cases show high level of asymmetry with DTI results as follow decreased FA in cerebellar peduncle (3 cases) right operculum (7 cases) denoting central affection, 5 cases showed normal DTI making it most probably peripheral vestibular affection variable level of asymmetry were seen in 5 patients, combined decreased FA in cerebellar peduncles & right operculum with thinning of the CST (2 cases), combined decreased FA in cerebellar peduncles & right operculum without thinning of the CST (1 cases), right operculum affection associated with thinning of the CST (2 case). Decreased NAA & NAA/Cr was seen in 5 patients. Conclusion: Combined radiological & audiological examinations are advised for evaluation of the problematic vestibulopathy to differentiate whether the cause is central and/or peripheral injury. Keywords: DTI, Vestibulopathy, Fraction anisotropy
Keywords	Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
Subject code	610 ; 616
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SpringerOpen
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Reliable MRI and MRN signs of nerve and muscle injury following trauma to the shoulder with EMG and

Omar Ahmed Hassanien / Rasha Lotfy Younes / Rasha Mahmoud Dawoud / Lotfy Mohamed Younis / Ibrahim M. Hamoda

The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Vol 47, Iss 3, Pp 929-

2016 Volume 936

Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate the role of MRN in diagnosis of suprascapular nerve injury and its relation with muscle injury after shoulder trauma in comparison with the EMG results. Patient & method: The study was carried on 30 patients following trauma to the ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: To evaluate the role of MRN in diagnosis of suprascapular nerve injury and its relation with muscle injury after shoulder trauma in comparison with the EMG results. Patient & method: The study was carried on 30 patients following trauma to the shoulder, either direct trauma (80%) or indirect trauma in 20% presented clinically with shoulder pain and limited movements and referred for MRI examination. The MRI results were correlated with EMG results for all cases. Results: Those 30 cases were divided into 13 cases with acute onset, 10 cases with subacute onset and 7 cases with chronic onset. In acute injuries, 5 cases (5/30) showed combined nerve and muscle injuries, 4 cases (4/30) showed nerve injury only and 5 cases (5/30) showed muscle injury only. In subacute injuries 5 cases (5/30) showed combined muscle and nerve injuries and 5 cases (5/30) showed muscle injury only, in chronic 7 cases (7/30) showed combined nerve and muscle injuries, where EMG showed sharp waves only in 7 cases which are all chronic. Conclusion: MRN is the best modality in diagnosis of nerve injuries and associated muscle injuries in one sitting with no obvious difficulties in the examination. MRN associating with the routine MRI elevated the sensitivity of diagnosis.
Keywords	MRN ; Nerve ; Muscle ; Shoulder ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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