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Article: Caesarean Section for Placenta Previa: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Anaesthesia Techniques.

Ismail, Samina / Rashid, Saima

Turkish journal of anaesthesiology and reanimation

2023 Volume 51, Issue 1, Page(s) 30–36

Abstract: Objective: Placenta previa is associated with maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. This study aims to add to the limited literature from the developing world on the association of different anaesthetic techniques with blood loss, the need for ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Placenta previa is associated with maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. This study aims to add to the limited literature from the developing world on the association of different anaesthetic techniques with blood loss, the need for blood transfusion, and maternal/ neonatal outcomes among women undergoing caesarean section with placenta previa. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Aga University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. The patient population included parturients undergoing caesarean section for placenta previa from January 1, 2006, through December 31, 2019. Results: Out of 276 consecutive cases of placenta previa progressing to caesarean section during the study period, 36.24% were performed under regional anaesthesia and 63.76% under general anaesthesia. When compared to general anaesthesia, significantly less regional anaesthesia was used for emergency caesarean section (26% vs. 38.6%, P = .033) and for grade IV placenta previa (50% vs. 68.8%, P = .013). Blood loss was found to be significantly low with regional anaesthesia (P = .005) and posterior placenta (P = .042), while it was found to be high in grade IV placenta previa (P = .024). The odds of requiring blood transfusion were low in regional anaesthesia (odds ratio = 0.122; 95% CI = 0.041-0.36, P = .0005) and posterior placenta (odds ratio = 0.402; 95% CI = 0.201-0.804, P = .010), while they were high in grade IV placenta previa (odds ratio: 4.13; 95% CI = 0.90-19.80, P = .0681). The rate of neonatal deaths and intensive care admission was significantly lower in regional anaesthesia than in general anaesthesia (7% vs. 3% and 9% vs. 3%). The maternal mortality was zero; however, intensive care admission was less in regional anaesthesia compared to general anaesthesia (<1% vs. 4%). Conclusion: Our data demonstrated less blood loss, need for blood transfusion, and better maternal and neonatal outcomes with regional anaesthesia for caesarean section in women with placenta previa.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-27
Publishing country	Turkey
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2667-677X
ISSN	2667-677X
DOI	10.5152/TJAR.
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Article ; Online: A computational study of a stochastic fractal-fractional hepatitis B virus infection incorporating delayed immune reactions via the exponential decay.

Qurashi, Maysaa Al / Rashid, Saima / Jarad, Fahd

Mathematical biosciences and engineering : MBE

2023 Volume 19, Issue 12, Page(s) 12950–12980

Abstract: Recently, researchers have become interested in modelling, monitoring, and treatment of hepatitis B virus infection. Understanding the various connections between pathogens, immune systems, and general liver function is crucial. In this study, we propose ...

Abstract	Recently, researchers have become interested in modelling, monitoring, and treatment of hepatitis B virus infection. Understanding the various connections between pathogens, immune systems, and general liver function is crucial. In this study, we propose a higher-order stochastically modified delay differential model for the evolution of hepatitis B virus transmission involving defensive cells. Taking into account environmental stimuli and ambiguities, we presented numerical solutions of the fractal-fractional hepatitis B virus model based on the exponential decay kernel that reviewed the hepatitis B virus immune system involving cytotoxic T lymphocyte immunological mechanisms. Furthermore, qualitative aspects of the system are analyzed such as the existence-uniqueness of the non-negative solution, where the infection endures stochastically as a result of the solution evolving within the predetermined system's equilibrium state. In certain settings, infection-free can be determined, where the illness settles down tremendously with unit probability. To predict the viability of the fractal-fractional derivative outcomes, a novel numerical approach is used, resulting in several remarkable modelling results, including a change in fractional-order δ with constant fractal-dimension ϖ, δ with changing ϖ, and δ with changing both δ and ϖ. White noise concentration has a significant impact on how bacterial infections are treated.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Hepatitis B virus ; Fractals ; Hepatitis B ; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial ; Probability
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2265126-3
ISSN	1551-0018 ; 1551-0018
ISSN (online)	1551-0018
ISSN	1551-0018
DOI	10.3934/mbe.2022605
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Article ; Online: Role of biostimulants (ascorbic acid and fulvic acid) to synergize Rhizobium activity in pea (Pisum sativum L. var. Meteor).

Kamran, Atif / Mushtaq, Muhammad / Arif, Muhammad / Rashid, Saima

Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB

2023 Volume 196, Page(s) 668–682

Abstract: Biostimulants such as ascorbic acid (AA) and fulvic acid (FA)can enhance the efficiency of root-nodulating bacteria. This study investigates optimum concentration of these two biostimulants to maximize the Rhizobium activity and increase root size, ... ...

Abstract	Biostimulants such as ascorbic acid (AA) and fulvic acid (FA)can enhance the efficiency of root-nodulating bacteria. This study investigates optimum concentration of these two biostimulants to maximize the Rhizobium activity and increase root size, nodulation capability, NPK uptake, yield and quality. Interaction with nitrogenase enzyme through molecular docking was also studied by using both AA and FA as ligands to better understand their inhibitory role in excess amounts. The findings of the study suggest: the combined application of both FA and AA at 200 ppm concentrations proved to be more effective than the individual application. Excellent vegetative growth was noticed which translated into an increased reproductive growth i.e statistically significant increase in number of pods per plant, fresh and dry weight of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, total chlorophyll, carotenoids and chemical constituents of pea seeds i.e. N (16.17%), P (40.47%), K (39.96%) and protein (16.25%). These findings were substantiated by molecular docking of nitrogenase enzyme with ascorbic acid and fulvic acid. The XP docking score of ascorbic acid (-7.07 kcal mol
MeSH term(s)	Rhizobium ; Pisum sativum/metabolism ; Ascorbic Acid/pharmacology ; Meteoroids ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Nitrogenase/metabolism
Chemical Substances	fulvic acid (XII14C5FXV) ; Ascorbic Acid (PQ6CK8PD0R) ; Nitrogenase (EC 1.18.6.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-10
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	742978-2
ISSN	1873-2690 ; 0981-9428
ISSN (online)	1873-2690
ISSN	0981-9428
DOI	10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.02.018
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Article ; Online: A retrospective analysis of peri-operative medication errors from a low-middle income country.

Abbasi, Shemila / Rashid, Saima / Khan, Fauzia Anis

Scientific reports

2022 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 12404

Abstract: Identifying medication errors is one method of improving patient safety. Peri operative anesthetic management of patient includes polypharmacy and the steps followed prior to drug administration. Our objective was to identify, extract and analyze the ... ...

Abstract	Identifying medication errors is one method of improving patient safety. Peri operative anesthetic management of patient includes polypharmacy and the steps followed prior to drug administration. Our objective was to identify, extract and analyze the medication errors (MEs) reported in our critical incident reporting system (CIRS) database over the last 15 years (2004-2018) and to review measures taken for improvement based on the reported errors. CIRS reported from 2004 to 2018 were identified, extracted, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented as frequencies and percentages. MEs were identified and entered on a data extraction form which included reporting year, patients age, surgical specialty, American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) status, time of incident, phase and type of anesthesia and drug handling, type of error, class of medicine, level of harm, severity of adverse drug event (ADE) and steps taken for improvement. Total MEs reported were 311, medication errors were reported, 163 (52%) errors occurred in ASA II and 90 (29%) ASA III patient, and 133 (43%) during induction. During administration phase 60% MEs occurred and 65% were due to human error. ADEs were found in 86 (28%) reports, 58 of which were significant, 23 serious and five life-threatening errors. The majority of errors involved neuromuscular blockers (32%) and opioids (13%). Sharing of CI and a lesson to be learnt e-mail, colour coded labels, change in medication trolley lay out, decrease in floor stock and high alert labels were the low-cost steps taken to reduce incidents. Medication errors were more frequent during administration. ADEs were occurred in 28% MEs.
MeSH term(s)	Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/epidemiology ; Humans ; Medication Errors ; Patient Safety ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Management
Chemical Substances	Pharmaceutical Preparations
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-022-16479-7
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Article: The Role of Preoperative Educational Intervention in Reducing Parental Anxiety.

Afzal, Rafia / Rashid, Saima / Khan, Fauzia A

Cureus

2022 Volume 14, Issue 7, Page(s) e26548

Abstract: Background and objective The parents of pediatric patients admitted for elective surgery exhibit significant levels of anxiety. The reduction in parental anxiety is directly proportional to the information and counseling provided to the parents ... ...

Abstract	Background and objective The parents of pediatric patients admitted for elective surgery exhibit significant levels of anxiety. The reduction in parental anxiety is directly proportional to the information and counseling provided to the parents preoperatively. The parenting style in South Asian culture is different from that of western cultures and may influence the response to these interventions. In this study, we aimed to compare the mean anxiety levels between parents of children (aged three to eight years) undergoing outpatient infraumbilical surgery equipped with standardized preoperative parental education and those without. Methods This was a randomized, controlled, and blinded trial. Parents of 72 pediatric patients (aged three to eight years) undergoing elective infraumbilical daycare surgery were enrolled and were divided into two groups: an intervention (Group I) and a non-intervention (Group NI) group. Both groups received routine verbal counseling at the preoperative clinic, but a standardized brochure was provided only to Group I. Parental anxiety was measured by using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at three different time points: in the outpatient surgery suite on the day of surgery, in the preoperative area 10 minutes before shifting the child to the operating room, and finally in the recovery room. Results The baseline mean VAS score was significantly higher in Group I compared to Group NI (p=0.017). After the intervention, the mean pain score significantly decreased from baseline in Group I as compared to Group NI (mean ±SD: 4.08 ±1.6 vs. 6.08 ±1.66; p=0.0005). Conclusion The information provided through standardized written material to the parents on the day of surgery before anesthesia helped to significantly attenuate preoperative parental anxiety.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.26548
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Article ; Online: The Use of Lumbar Drain for Spinal Cord Protection in a Thoraco Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Surgery.

Rashid, Saima / Hamid, Mohammad / Malick, Sameer Ahmed

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP

2022 Volume 32, Issue 8, Page(s) S195–S196

Abstract: Thoraco-abdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) repair is a complicated and challenging surgery with high chances of unpredictable post-operative outcomes. This is a case of a 56-year man electively admitted for De Bakey type III TAAA repair. The case was done ... ...

Abstract	Thoraco-abdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) repair is a complicated and challenging surgery with high chances of unpredictable post-operative outcomes. This is a case of a 56-year man electively admitted for De Bakey type III TAAA repair. The case was done with the one-lung ventilation (OLV) technique by using a bronchial blocker. The other unique thing which was done in this case was the use of a lumbar drain for spinal cord protection. The patient had a prolonged hospital stay but ultimately recovered and was discharged home after two and a half months. Key Words: Lumber drain, Spinal cord injury, Aortic aneurysm surgery.
MeSH term(s)	Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/surgery ; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/surgery ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation ; Drainage ; Humans ; Male ; Spinal Cord ; Treatment Outcome ; Vascular Surgical Procedures
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-09
Publishing country	Pakistan
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2276646-7
ISSN	1681-7168 ; 1022-386X
ISSN (online)	1681-7168
ISSN	1022-386X
DOI	10.29271/jcpsp.2022.Supp2.S195
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Article ; Online: Novel stochastic dynamics of a fractal-fractional immune effector response to viral infection via latently infectious tissues.

Rashid, Saima / Ashraf, Rehana / Asif, Qurat-Ul-Ain / Jarad, Fahd

Mathematical biosciences and engineering : MBE

2022 Volume 19, Issue 11, Page(s) 11563–11594

Abstract: In this paper, the global complexities of a stochastic virus transmission framework featuring adaptive response and Holling type II estimation are examined via the non-local fractal-fractional derivative operator in the Atangana-Baleanu perspective. ... ...

Abstract	In this paper, the global complexities of a stochastic virus transmission framework featuring adaptive response and Holling type II estimation are examined via the non-local fractal-fractional derivative operator in the Atangana-Baleanu perspective. Furthermore, we determine the existence-uniqueness of positivity of the appropriate solutions. Ergodicity and stationary distribution of non-negative solutions are carried out. Besides that, the infection progresses in the sense of randomization as a consequence of the response fluctuating within the predictive case's equilibria. Additionally, the extinction criteria have been established. To understand the reliability of the findings, simulation studies utilizing the fractal-fractional dynamics of the synthesized trajectory under the Atangana-Baleanu-Caputo derivative incorporating fractional-order α and fractal-dimension ℘ have also been addressed. The strength of white noise is significant in the treatment of viral pathogens. The persistence of a stationary distribution can be maintained by white noise of sufficient concentration, whereas the eradication of the infection is aided by white noise of high concentration.
MeSH term(s)	Computer Simulation ; Fractals ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Reproducibility of Results ; Virus Diseases
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2265126-3
ISSN	1551-0018 ; 1551-0018
ISSN (online)	1551-0018
ISSN	1551-0018
DOI	10.3934/mbe.2022539
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Article ; Online: Theoretical and mathematical codynamics of nonlinear tuberculosis and COVID-19 model pertaining to fractional calculus and probabilistic approach.

Rashid, Saima / Hamidi, Sher Zaman / Akram, Saima / Raza, Muhammad Aon / Elagan, S K / Alsubei, Beida Mohsen Tami

Scientific reports

2024 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 8827

Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel virus known as coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that affects the pulmonary structure and results in the coronavirus illness 2019 (COVID-19). Tuberculosis (TB) and COVID-19 codynamics have ... ...

Abstract	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel virus known as coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that affects the pulmonary structure and results in the coronavirus illness 2019 (COVID-19). Tuberculosis (TB) and COVID-19 codynamics have been documented in numerous nations. Understanding the complexities of codynamics is now critically necessary as a consequence. The aim of this research is to construct a co-infection model of TB and COVID-19 in the context of fractional calculus operators, white noise and probability density functions, employing a rigorous biological investigation. By exhibiting that the system possesses non-negative and bounded global outcomes, it is shown that the approach is both mathematically and biologically practicable. The required conditions are derived, guaranteeing the eradication of the infection. Sensitivity analysis and bifurcation of the submodel are also investigated with system parameters. Furthermore, existence and uniqueness results are established, and the configuration is tested for the existence of an ergodic stationary distribution. For discovering the system's long-term behavior, a deterministic-probabilistic technique for modeling is designed and operated in MATLAB. By employing an extensive review, we hope that the previously mentioned approach improves and leads to mitigating the two diseases and their co-infections by examining a variety of behavioral trends, such as transitions to unpredictable procedures. In addition, the piecewise differential strategies are being outlined as having promising potential for scholars in a range of contexts because they empower them to include particular characteristics across multiple time frame phases. Such formulas can be strengthened via classical technique, power-law, exponential decay, generalized Mittag-Leffler kernels, probability density functions and random procedures. Furthermore, we get an accurate description of the probability density function encircling a quasi-equilibrium point if the effect of TB and COVID-19 minimizes the propagation of the codynamics. Consequently, scholars can obtain better outcomes when analyzing facts using random perturbations by implementing these strategies for challenging issues. Random perturbations in TB and COVID-19 co-infection are crucial in controlling the spread of an epidemic whenever the suggested circulation is steady and the amount of infection eliminated is closely correlated with the random perturbation level.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; Coinfection/epidemiology ; Tuberculosis/epidemiology ; Mathematics
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-024-59261-7
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Article ; Online: Author Correction: Novel insights for a nonlinear deterministic-stochastic class of fractional-order Lassa fever model with varying kernels.

Rashid, Saima / Karim, Shazia / Akgül, Ali / Bariq, Abdul / Elagan, S K

Scientific reports

2023 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 17298

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-023-44496-7
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Article ; Online: Deterministic-stochastic analysis of fractional differential equations malnutrition model with random perturbations and crossover effects.

Chu, Yu-Ming / Rashid, Saima / Karim, Shazia / Khalid, Aasma / Elagan, S K

Scientific reports

2023 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 14824

Abstract: To boost the handful of nutrient-dense individuals in the societal structure, adequate health care documentation and comprehension are permitted. This will strengthen and optimize the well-being of the community, particularly the girls and women of the ... ...

Abstract	To boost the handful of nutrient-dense individuals in the societal structure, adequate health care documentation and comprehension are permitted. This will strengthen and optimize the well-being of the community, particularly the girls and women of the community that are welcoming the new generation. In this article, we extensively explored a deterministic-stochastic malnutrition model involving nonlinear perturbation via piecewise fractional operators techniques. This novel concept leads us to analyze and predict the process from the beginning to the end of the well-being growth, as it offers the possibility to observe many behaviors from cross over to stochastic processes. Moreover, the piecewise differential operators, which can be constructed with operators such as classical, Caputo, Caputo-Fabrizio, Atangana-Baleanu and stochastic derivative. The threshold parameter is developed and the role of malnutrition in society is examined. Through a rigorous analysis, we first demonstrated that the stochastic model's solution is positive and global. Then, using appropriate stochastic Lyapunov candidates, we examined whether the stochastic system acknowledges a unique ergodic stationary distribution. The objective of this investigation is to design a nutritional deficiency in pregnant women using a piecewise fractional differential equation scheme. We examined multiple options and outlined numerical methods of coping with problems. To exemplify the effectiveness of the suggested concept, graphical conclusions, including chaotic and random perturbation patterns, are supplied. Consequently, fractional calculus' innovative aspects provide more powerful and flexible layouts, enabling us to more effectively adapt to the system dynamics tendencies of real-world representations. This has opened new doors to readers in different disciplines and enabled them to capture different behaviors at different time intervals.
MeSH term(s)	Pregnancy ; Humans ; Female ; Adaptation, Psychological ; Documentation ; Health Facilities ; Malnutrition ; Nutrients
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-023-41861-4
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