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  1. Article ; Online: Dominant expansion of CD4+, CD8+ T and NK cells expressing Th1/Tc1/Type 1 cytokines in culture-positive lymph node tuberculosis.

    Gokul Raj Kathamuthu / Rathinam Sridhar / Dhanaraj Baskaran / Subash Babu

    PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss 5, p e

    2022  Volume 0269109

    Abstract: Lymph node culture-positive tuberculosis (LNTB+) is associated with increased mycobacterial antigen-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production compared to LN culture-negative tuberculosis (LNTB-). However, the frequencies of CD4+, CD8+ T cells and NK ... ...

    Abstract Lymph node culture-positive tuberculosis (LNTB+) is associated with increased mycobacterial antigen-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production compared to LN culture-negative tuberculosis (LNTB-). However, the frequencies of CD4+, CD8+ T cells and NK cells expressing Th1/Tc1/Type 1 (IFNγ, TNFα, IL-2), Th17/Tc17/Type 17 (IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-22) cytokines and cytotoxic (perforin [PFN], granzyme [GZE] B, CD107a) markers in LNTB+ and LNTB- individuals are not known. Thus, we have studied the unstimulated (UNS) and mycobacterial antigen-induced frequencies of CD4+, CD8+ T and NK cells expressing Th1, Th17 cytokines and cytotoxic markers using flow cytometry. The frequencies of CD4+, CD8+ T and NK cells expressing cytokines and cytotoxic markers were not significantly different between LNTB+ and LNTB- individuals in UNS condition. In contrast, upon Mtb antigen stimulation, LNTB+ individuals are associated with significantly increased frequencies of CD4+ T cells (PPD [IFNγ, TNFα], ESAT-6 PP [IFNγ, TNFα], CFP-10 PP [IFNγ, TNFα, IL-2]), CD8+ T cells (PPD [IFNγ], ESAT-6 PP [IFNγ], CFP-10 PP [TNFα]) and NK cells (PPD [IFNγ, TNFα], ESAT-6 PP [IFNγ, TNFα], CFP-10 PP [TNFα]) expressing Th1/Tc1/Type 1, but not Th17/Tc17/Type 17 cytokines and cytotoxic markers compared to LNTB- individuals. LNTB+ individuals did not show any significant alterations in the frequencies of CD4+, CD8+ T cells and NK cells expressing cytokines and cytotoxic markers compared to LNTB- individuals upon HIV Gag PP and P/I antigen stimulation. Increased frequencies of CD4+, CD8+ T and NK cells expressing Th1/Tc1/Type 1 cytokines among the LNTB+ group indicates that the presence of mycobacteria plays a dominant role in the activation of key correlates of immune protection or induces higher immunopathology.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 570
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Systemic Levels of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Post-Treatment Modulation in Tuberculous Lymphadenitis

    Gokul Raj Kathamuthu / Kadar Moideen / Rathinam Sridhar / Dhanaraj Baskaran / Subash Babu

    Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Vol 8, Iss 150, p

    2023  Volume 150

    Abstract: Pro-inflammatory cytokines are potent stimulators of inflammation and immunity and markers of infection severity and bacteriological burden in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Interferons could have both host-protective and detrimental effects on ... ...

    Abstract Pro-inflammatory cytokines are potent stimulators of inflammation and immunity and markers of infection severity and bacteriological burden in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Interferons could have both host-protective and detrimental effects on tuberculosis disease. However, their role has not been studied in tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBL). Thus, we evaluated the systemic pro-inflammatory (interleukin (IL)-12, IL-23, interferon (IFN)α, and IFNβ) cytokine levels in TBL, latent tuberculosis (LTBI), and healthy control (HC) individuals. In addition, we also measured the baseline (BL) and post-treatment (PT) systemic levels in TBL individuals. We demonstrate that TBL individuals are characterized by increased pro-inflammatory (IL-12, IL-23, IFNα, IFNβ) cytokines when compared to LTBI and HC individuals. We also show that after anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT) completion, the systemic levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly modulated in TBL individuals. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed IL-23, IFNα, and IFNβ significantly discriminated TBL disease from LTBI and/or HC individuals. Hence, our study demonstrates the altered systemic levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and their reversal after ATT, suggesting that they are markers of disease pathogenesis/severity and altered immune regulation in TBL disease.
    Keywords TBL ; LTBI ; healthy controls ; pro-inflammatory cytokines ; ELISA ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
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  3. Article ; Online: Corrigendum to 'True thymic hyperplasia causing pure red cell aplasia: a case report'.

    Mohammad, Adam / Dawson, Alan G / Bajaj, Amrita / Rathinam, Sridhar

    Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery

    2022  Volume 34, Issue 5, Page(s) 942

    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 2095298-3
    ISSN 1569-9285 ; 1569-9293
    ISSN (online) 1569-9285
    ISSN 1569-9293
    DOI 10.1093/icvts/ivab374
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  4. Article ; Online: Barriers to research progress for perioperative care practitioners working in cardiothoracic surgery.

    Britton, Carolina Relvas / Rathinam, Sridhar / Birchall, Martin / Iles-Smith, Heather / Krishnamoorthy, Bhuvaneswari

    Journal of perioperative practice

    2023  , Page(s) 17504589231176388

    Abstract: Policy and research literature worldwide support the need to build research capacity and capability among non-medical practitioners within healthcare systems. However, there exists a paucity of evidence on whether practitioners in cardiothoracic surgery ... ...

    Abstract Policy and research literature worldwide support the need to build research capacity and capability among non-medical practitioners within healthcare systems. However, there exists a paucity of evidence on whether practitioners in cardiothoracic surgery are attuned to this and on what barriers or enablers exist. A survey was carried out with non-medical practitioners working in cardiothoracic surgery in the United Kingdom to explore attitudes towards health research and audit, and to identify current challenges and barriers to surgical research and audit as perceived by cardiothoracic nurses and allied health professionals. A total of 160 completed questionnaires were returned. 99% of respondents supported the need for research and believed that evidence-based surgical care improves outcomes for patients. Seventy-two percent reported that their employer motivates them to take part in national research or audit but, only 22% were allocated time to do so within their role; 96% reported their interest in being involved in research and audit, yet only 30% believed they had the skills to undertake research, and 96% reported needing additional training. More work is needed to increase awareness, capacity and capability among cardiothoracic surgery care practitioners, and indeed other specialities to achieve research progress.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2226186-2
    ISSN 2515-7949 ; 1750-4589
    ISSN (online) 2515-7949
    ISSN 1750-4589
    DOI 10.1177/17504589231176388
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    Zs.A 4006: Show issues Location:
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    Zs.MG 83: Show issues

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  5. Article ; Online: Use of pedicled latissimus dorsi flap in anterior chest wall reconstruction.

    Vyas, Rini / Rollett, Rebecca / Patel, Nakul / Rathinam, Sridhar

    BMJ case reports

    2021  Volume 14, Issue 1

    Abstract: Successful surgical management of chest wall tumours relies on extensive chest wall resection with adequate margins. In large complex tumours, return to form and function is determined by appropriate skeletal and soft tissue reconstruction of the chest ... ...

    Abstract Successful surgical management of chest wall tumours relies on extensive chest wall resection with adequate margins. In large complex tumours, return to form and function is determined by appropriate skeletal and soft tissue reconstruction of the chest wall defect. We report an original case of a large 11×16×3 cm ulcerative basosquamous carcinoma of the anterior chest wall. Soft tissue reconstruction was performed with a unilateral pedicled latissimus dorsi flap. A multidisciplinary approach between thoracic and plastic surgeons was used in the planning, intraoperative and follow-up periods. This case highlights a good long-term functional and cosmetic outcome in complex chest wall reconstruction as a result of successful cross-specialty collaboration.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures/methods ; Superficial Back Muscles ; Surgical Flaps/transplantation ; Thoracic Neoplasms/surgery ; Thoracic Wall/surgery
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ISSN 1757-790X
    ISSN (online) 1757-790X
    DOI 10.1136/bcr-2020-239890
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Nonemphysematus Bullae Treatment Using Valves.

    Kutywayo, Kudzayi / Thekkudan, Joyce / Rathinam, Sridhar

    The Annals of thoracic surgery

    2021  Volume 113, Issue 2, Page(s) e157

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Lung Diseases/complications ; Lung Diseases/diagnosis ; Lung Diseases/surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pulmonary Emphysema/diagnosis ; Pulmonary Emphysema/etiology ; Pulmonary Emphysema/surgery ; Thoracic Surgical Procedures/methods ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-23
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 211007-6
    ISSN 1552-6259 ; 0003-4975
    ISSN (online) 1552-6259
    ISSN 0003-4975
    DOI 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.11.092
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    Zs.A 252: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article: Uniportal VATS retrieval of an endobronchial coil migrated through pericardium.

    Kutywayo, Kudzayi / Acharya, Metesh N / Rathinam, Sridhar

    Journal of surgical case reports

    2020  Volume 2020, Issue 10, Page(s) rjaa108

    Abstract: Endobronchial insertion of nitinol coils is a minimally invasive treatment strategy for selected patients with advanced emphysema. Although coil migration into the pleural space has been described by ... ...

    Abstract Endobronchial insertion of nitinol coils is a minimally invasive treatment strategy for selected patients with advanced emphysema. Although coil migration into the pleural space has been described by Marchetti
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Case Reports
    ISSN 2042-8812
    ISSN 2042-8812
    DOI 10.1093/jscr/rjaa108
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  8. Article ; Online: True thymic hyperplasia causing pure red cell aplasia: a case report.

    Mohammad, Adam / Dawson, Alan G / Bajaj, Amrita / Rathinam, Sridhar

    Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery

    2021  Volume 34, Issue 4, Page(s) 697–699

    Abstract: Pure red cell aplasia caused by true thymic hyperplasia is extremely rare. We report the case of a 25-year-old female diagnosed with pure red cell aplasia. Following a thymectomy confirming true thymic hyperplasia and corticosteroid therapy, complete ... ...

    Abstract Pure red cell aplasia caused by true thymic hyperplasia is extremely rare. We report the case of a 25-year-old female diagnosed with pure red cell aplasia. Following a thymectomy confirming true thymic hyperplasia and corticosteroid therapy, complete response was achieved. Patients diagnosed with pure red cell aplasia should be investigated with a computerized tomographic scan to assess for thymic pathology and if present, this should be resected. Follow-up is essential to monitor for recurrence.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure/diagnosis ; Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure/etiology ; Thymectomy/adverse effects ; Thymoma/complications ; Thymoma/diagnostic imaging ; Thymoma/surgery ; Thymus Hyperplasia/complications ; Thymus Hyperplasia/diagnostic imaging ; Thymus Neoplasms/complications ; Thymus Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Thymus Neoplasms/surgery
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2095298-3
    ISSN 1569-9285 ; 1569-9293
    ISSN (online) 1569-9285
    ISSN 1569-9293
    DOI 10.1093/icvts/ivab301
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 5730: Show issues Location:
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  9. Article ; Online: Reduced neutrophil granular proteins and post-treatment modulation in tuberculous lymphadenitis.

    Gokul Raj Kathamuthu / Kadar Moideen / Rathinam Sridhar / Dhanaraj Baskaran / Subash Babu

    PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 6, p e

    2021  Volume 0253534

    Abstract: Background Neutrophils are important for host innate immune defense and mediate inflammatory responses. Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is associated with increased neutrophil granular protein (NGP) levels in the circulation. However, the systemic levels of ...

    Abstract Background Neutrophils are important for host innate immune defense and mediate inflammatory responses. Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is associated with increased neutrophil granular protein (NGP) levels in the circulation. However, the systemic levels of neutrophil granular proteins were not examined in tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBL) disease. Methods We measured the systemic levels of NGP (myeloperoxidase [MPO], elastase and proteinase 3 [PRTN3]) in TBL and compared them to latent tuberculosis (LTB) and healthy control (HC) individuals. We also measured the pre-treatment (Pre-T) and post-treatment (Post-T) systemic levels of neutrophil granular proteins in TBL individuals upon anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT) completion. In addition, we studied the correlation and discriminatory ability of NGPs using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results Our data suggests that systemic levels of NGPs (MPO, PRTN3, elastase) were significantly reduced in TBL individuals compared to LTB and HC individuals. Similarly, after ATT, the plasma levels of MPO and elastase but not PRTN3 were significantly elevated compared to pre-treatment levels. NGPs (except PRTN3) were positively correlated with absolute neutrophil count of TBL, LTB and HC individuals. Further, NGPs were able to significantly discriminate TBL from LTB and HC individuals. Conclusion Hence, we conclude reduced neutrophil granular protein levels might be associated with disease pathogenesis in TBL.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article: Lung volume reduction surgery in patients with low diffusion capacity.

    Weaver, Helen / Greening, Neil J / Rathinam, Sridhar

    Journal of thoracic disease

    2019  Volume 11, Issue Suppl 3, Page(s) S234–S236

    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-03-04
    Publishing country China
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2573571-8
    ISSN 2077-6624 ; 2072-1439
    ISSN (online) 2077-6624
    ISSN 2072-1439
    DOI 10.21037/jtd.2019.01.91
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