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  1. Article ; Online: Revealing true diversity of measles viruses circulating in India, 2012-17.

    Vaidya, Sunil R / Kulkarni, Aditya S / Bhattad, Divya R / Raut, Chandrashekhar G

    The Journal of infection

    2019  Volume 79, Issue 3, Page(s) 277–287

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; India ; Measles ; Measles virus
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-22
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 424417-5
    ISSN 1532-2742 ; 0163-4453
    ISSN (online) 1532-2742
    ISSN 0163-4453
    DOI 10.1016/j.jinf.2019.05.011
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Utilization and Assessment of Throat Swab and Urine Specimens for Diagnosis of Chikungunya Virus Infection.

    Raut, Chandrashekhar G / Hanumaiah, H / Raut, Wrunda C

    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

    2016  Volume 1426, Page(s) 75–83

    Abstract: Chikungunya is a mosquito-borne infection with clinical presentation of fever, arthralgia, and rash. The etiological agent Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is generally transmitted from primates to humans through the bites of infected Aedes aegypti and Aedes ... ...

    Abstract Chikungunya is a mosquito-borne infection with clinical presentation of fever, arthralgia, and rash. The etiological agent Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is generally transmitted from primates to humans through the bites of infected Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Outbreaks of Chikungunya occur commonly with varied morbidity, mortality, and sequele according to the epidemiological, ecological, seasonal, and geographical impact. Investigations are required to be conducted as a part of the public health service to understand and report the suspected cases as confirmed by laboratory diagnosis. Holistic sampling at a time of different types would be useful for laboratory testing, result conclusion, and reporting in a valid way. The use of serum samples for virus detection, virus isolation, and serology is routinely practiced, but sometimes serum samples from pediatric and other cases may not be easily available. In such a situation, easily available throat swabs and urine samples could be useful. It is already well reported for measles, rubella, and mumps diseases to have the virus diagnosis from throat swabs and urine. Here, we present the protocols for diagnosis of CHIKV using throat swab and urine specimens.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1940-6029
    ISSN (online) 1940-6029
    DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-3618-2_7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Laboratory confirmation of rubella infection in suspected measles cases.

    Vaidya, Sunil R / Raut, Chandrashekhar G / Jadhav, Santoshkumar M

    Journal of medical virology

    2016  Volume 88, Issue 10, Page(s) 1685–1689

    Abstract: As a part of measles outbreak based surveillance undertaken by the World Health Organization India, suspected measles cases were referred for the laboratory diagnosis at National Institute of Virology (NIV) Pune and NIV Unit Bengaluru. Altogether, 4,592 ... ...

    Abstract As a part of measles outbreak based surveillance undertaken by the World Health Organization India, suspected measles cases were referred for the laboratory diagnosis at National Institute of Virology (NIV) Pune and NIV Unit Bengaluru. Altogether, 4,592 serum samples were referred during 2010-2015 from the States of Karnataka (n = 1,173), Kerala (n = 559), and Maharashtra (n = 2,860). Initially, serum samples were tested in measles IgM antibody EIA and samples with measles negative and equivocal results (n = 1,954) were subjected to rubella IgM antibody detection. Overall, 62.9% (2,889/4,592) samples were laboratory confirmed measles, 27.7% (542/1,954) were laboratory confirmed rubella and remaining 25.2% (1,161/4,592) were negative for measles and rubella. The measles vaccination status was available for 1,206 cases. Among the vaccinated individuals, 50.7% (612/1,206) were laboratory confirmed measles. The contribution of laboratory confirmed measles was 493 (40.8%) from Maharashtra, 90 (7.5%) from Karnataka, and 29 (2.4%) from Kerala. Since, 1/3rd of suspected measles cases were laboratory confirmed rubella, an urgent attention needed to build rubella surveillance in India. Additional efforts are required to rule out other exanthematous disease including Dengue and Chikungunya in measles and rubella negatives. J. Med. Virol. 88:1685-1689, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Disease Outbreaks ; Epidemiological Monitoring ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin M/blood ; India/epidemiology ; Infant ; Male ; Measles/diagnosis ; Measles/epidemiology ; Measles/immunology ; Measles Vaccine ; Rubella/diagnosis ; Rubella/epidemiology ; Rubella/immunology ; Rubella/virology ; Rubella virus/immunology ; Serologic Tests ; Vaccination ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral ; Immunoglobulin M ; Measles Vaccine ; rubella antibodies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-04-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 752392-0
    ISSN 1096-9071 ; 0146-6615
    ISSN (online) 1096-9071
    ISSN 0146-6615
    DOI 10.1002/jmv.24535
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Complete Genome Sequence of Mumps Virus Isolated from Karnataka State, India.

    Vaidya, Sunil R / Raut, Chandrashekhar G / Chowdhury, Deepika T / Hamde, Venkat S

    Genome announcements

    2017  Volume 5, Issue 2

    Abstract: We report the first whole-genome sequence of mumps virus isolated from a two-year-old girl with bilateral parotitis from a Chikkahallivana village in the Davangere district of Karnataka State, India. The genome of the Davangere mumps isolate was 15,384 ... ...

    Abstract We report the first whole-genome sequence of mumps virus isolated from a two-year-old girl with bilateral parotitis from a Chikkahallivana village in the Davangere district of Karnataka State, India. The genome of the Davangere mumps isolate was 15,384 bp in length and identical to previously published mumps virus (MuV) genomes from India. BLAST results show 99.1% identity with previously sequenced genotype C viruses isolated from the states of Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, and Uttar Pradesh.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-01-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2704277-7
    ISSN 2169-8287
    ISSN 2169-8287
    DOI 10.1128/genomeA.01429-16
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Characterization of diversity of measles viruses in India: Genomic sequencing and comparative genomics studies.

    Vaidya, Sunil R / Kasibhatla, Sunitha M / Bhattad, Divya R / Ramtirthkar, Mukund R / Kale, Mohan M / Raut, Chandrashekhar G / Kulkarni-Kale, Urmila

    The Journal of infection

    2020  Volume 80, Issue 3, Page(s) 301–309

    Abstract: Objective: To map genomic diversity of Measles virus (MeV) isolates collected during 2009-2017 from ten states of India.: Methods: Genome sequencing of Indian isolates and comparative genomics with global MeV using phylogeny, population ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To map genomic diversity of Measles virus (MeV) isolates collected during 2009-2017 from ten states of India.
    Methods: Genome sequencing of Indian isolates and comparative genomics with global MeV using phylogeny, population stratification and selection pressure approaches were performed.
    Results: The first report of complete genome sequences of forty-three Indian MeV isolates belonging to genotypes D4 (eight) and D8 (thirty-five). Three Indian isolates mapped to named strains D4-Enfield, D8-Villupuram and D8-Victoria. Indian D4 isolates deviate from standard genome length due to indels in M-F intergenic region. Estimated nucleotide substitution rates of Indian MeV derived using genome and individual genes are lower than that of global isolates. Phylogeny revealed genotype-based temporal clustering, suggesting existence of two lineages of D4 and three lineages of D8 in India. Absence of spatial clustering suggests role of cross-border travel in MeV transmission.
    Conclusions: Evolutionary analyses suggest the need for surveillance of MeV in India, particularly in view of diversified trajectories of D4 and D8 isolates. This study contributes to global measles epidemiology and indicates no major impact on antigenicity in Indian isolates, thereby substantiating the use of current vaccines to meet measles elimination target of 2023 set by World Health Organization for South-East Asia Region.
    MeSH term(s) Genomics ; Genotype ; Humans ; India/epidemiology ; Measles/epidemiology ; Measles virus/genetics ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 424417-5
    ISSN 1532-2742 ; 0163-4453
    ISSN (online) 1532-2742
    ISSN 0163-4453
    DOI 10.1016/j.jinf.2019.11.025
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Re-occurrence of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India (2012): a fatal case report.

    Yadav, Pragya D / Raut, Chandrashekhar G / Mourya, Devendra T

    The Indian journal of medical research

    2014  Volume 138, Issue 6, Page(s) 1027–1028

    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, Crimean-Congo/genetics ; Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, Crimean-Congo/pathogenicity ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean/mortality ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean/pathology ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean/virology ; Humans ; Male
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-02-12
    Publishing country India
    Document type Case Reports ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 390883-5
    ISSN 0971-5916 ; 0019-5340
    ISSN 0971-5916 ; 0019-5340
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Book ; Online: Laboratory confirmation of rubella infection in suspected measles cases

    Vaidya, Sunil R / Jadhav, Santoshkumar M / Raut, Chandrashekhar G

    2016  

    Abstract: Journal Article ... As a part of measles outbreak based surveillance undertaken by the World Health Organization India, suspected measles cases were referred for the laboratory diagnosis at National Institute of Virology (NIV) Pune and NIV Unit Bengaluru. ... ...

    Abstract Journal Article

    As a part of measles outbreak based surveillance undertaken by the World Health Organization India, suspected measles cases were referred for the laboratory diagnosis at National Institute of Virology (NIV) Pune and NIV Unit Bengaluru. Altogether, 4592 serum samples were referred during 2010-2015 from the States of Karnataka (n = 1173), Kerala (n = 559) and Maharashtra (n = 2860). Initially, serum samples were tested in measles IgM antibody EIA and samples with measles negative and equivocal results (n = 1954) were subjected to rubella IgM antibody detection. Overall, 62.9% (2889/4592) samples were laboratory confirmed measles, 27.7% (542/1954) were laboratory confirmed rubella and remaining 25.2% (1161/4592) were negative for measles and rubella. The measles vaccination status was available for 1206 cases. Amongst the vaccinated individuals, 50.7% (612/1206) were laboratory confirmed measles. The contribution of laboratory confirmed measles was 493 (40.8%) from Maharashtra, 90 (7.5%) from Karnataka and 29 (2.4%) from Kerala. Since, 1/3(rd) of suspected measles cases were laboratory confirmed rubella, an urgent attention needed to build rubella surveillance in India. Additional efforts are required to rule out other exanthematous disease including Dengue and Chikungunya in measles and rubella negatives. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-03-27
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article: Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever: Current Scenario in India.

    Yadav, Pragya D / Raut, Chandrashekhar G / Patil, Deepak Y / D Majumdar, Triparna / Mourya, Devendra T

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India. Section B

    2013  Volume 84, Issue 1, Page(s) 9–18

    Abstract: India is considered as a hot spot for emerging infectious diseases. In the recent past many infectious diseases of emerging and re-emerging nature have entered this subcontinent and affected a large number of populations. A few examples are Nipah, Avian ... ...

    Abstract India is considered as a hot spot for emerging infectious diseases. In the recent past many infectious diseases of emerging and re-emerging nature have entered this subcontinent and affected a large number of populations. A few examples are Nipah, Avian influenza, Pandemic influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus and Chikungunya virus. These diseases have not only affected human and animal health but also economy of the country on a very large scale. During December 2010, National Institute of Virology, Pune detected Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus specific IgG antibodies in livestock serum samples from Gujarat and Rajasthan states. Subsequently, during January 2011 Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus was confirmed in a nosocomial outbreak, in Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India. Retrospective investigation of suspected human samples confirmed that the virus was present in Gujarat state, earlier to this outbreak. This disease has a case fatality rate ranging from 5 to 80 %. Earlier presence of hemagglutination inhibition antibodies have been detected in animal sera from Jammu and Kashmir, the western border districts, southern regions and Maharashtra state of India. The evidences of virus activity and antibodies were observed during and after the outbreak in human beings, ticks and domestic animals (buffalo, cattle, goat and sheep) from Gujarat State of India. During the year 2012, this virus was again reported in human beings and animals. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all the four isolates of 2011, as well as the S segment from specimen of 2010 and 2012 were highly conserved and clustered together in the Asian/Middle East genotype IV. The S segment of South-Asia 2 type was closest to a Tajikistan strain TADJ/HU8966 of 1990. The present scenario in India suggests the need to look seriously into various important aspects of this zoonotic disease, which includes diagnosis, intervention, patient management, control of laboratory acquired and nosocomial infection, tick control, livestock survey and this, should be done in priority before it further spreads to other states. Being a high risk group pathogen, diagnosis is a major concern in India where only a few Biosafety level 3 laboratories exist and it needs to be addressed immediately before this disease becomes endemic in India.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-06-26
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2707745-7
    ISSN 2250-1746 ; 0369-8211
    ISSN (online) 2250-1746
    ISSN 0369-8211
    DOI 10.1007/s40011-013-0197-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Analyses of clinical, pathological and virological features of human rotavirus strain, YO induced gastroenteritis in infant BALB/c mice

    Buragohain, Manika / Dhale, Ganesh S / Raut, Chandrashekhar G / Kang, Gagandeep / Chitambar, Shobha D

    Microbes and Infection. 2011 Apr., v. 13, no. 4

    2011  

    Abstract: Experimental studies of human rotavirus infections in mice are limited and there is lack of information on the quantitative assessment of rotaviral replication and its relationship with histological changes. In the present study, consequences of human ... ...

    Abstract Experimental studies of human rotavirus infections in mice are limited and there is lack of information on the quantitative assessment of rotaviral replication and its relationship with histological changes. In the present study, consequences of human rotavirus strain, YO induced gastroenteritis in infant BALB/c mice were analyzed for the occurrence of clinical symptoms, histopathology and virological events. The infected animals developed diarrhea and dehydration and showed accumulation of vacuolated enterocytes with lodging of the rotavirus antigens and shortening of villi in the intestine over a period of 5 days. The ileum was identified as the most susceptible and supportive part of small intestine for perpetuation of rotavirus infection in mice. Rotaviral antigen/RNA in stool and RNA in intestine were detected throughout the clinical disease period. At 48–72 h post inoculation, diarrhea was at the peak (90–95%) in the infected animals with increased load of viral RNA and intense pathological lesions suggesting it as the critical time point in the course of infection. The rising titers of antirotavirus neutralizing antibodies ascertained the replication of human rotavirus strain, YO in mice. These data may contribute to the understanding of pathophysiological, immunological and virological characteristics of rotavirus infections in mice.
    Keywords RNA ; antigens ; diarrhea ; enterocytes ; gastroenteritis ; histopathology ; humans ; ileum ; lodging ; mice ; neutralizing antibodies ; villi ; viral load
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2011-04
    Size p. 331-338.
    Publishing place Elsevier SAS
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1465093-9
    ISSN 1769-714X ; 1286-4579
    ISSN (online) 1769-714X
    ISSN 1286-4579
    DOI 10.1016/j.micinf.2010.12.001
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article ; Online: Satellite Epidemic of Covid-19 Associated Mucormycosis in India: A Multi-Site Observational Study.

    Satija, Aanchal / Anand, Tanu / Mukherjee, Aparna / Velamuri, Poonam Sharma / Singh, Kh Jitenkumar / Das, Madhuchhanda / Josten, Kripa / Keche, Archana Y / Nagarkar, Nitin M / Gupta, Prashant / Himanshu, D / Mistry, Sejal N / Patel, Jimy D / Rao, Prajwal / Rohatgi, Shalesh / Ghosh, Soumitra / Hazra, Avijit / Kindo, Anupma Jyoti / Annamalai, Radha /
    Rudramurthy, Shivaprakash M / Singh, Mini P / Shameem, Mohammad / Fatima, Nazish / Khambholja, Janakkumar R / Parikh, Sangita / Madkaikar, Manisha / Pradhan, Vandana D / Bhargava, Anudita / Mehata, Rupa / Arora, Ripu Daman / Tigga, Richa / Banerjee, Gopa / Sonkar, Vijay / Malhotra, Hardeep Singh / Kumar, Neeraj / Patil, Rajashri / Raut, Chandrashekhar G / Bhattacharyya, Kumkum / Arthur, Preetam / Somu, L / Srikanth, Padma / Shah, Pankaj B / Panda, Naresh K / Sharma, Dipti / Hasan, Wasil / Ahmed, Aftab / Bathla, Meeta / Solanki, Sunita / Doshi, Hiren / Kanani, Yash / Patel, Nishi / Shah, Zincal / Tembhurne, Alok Kumar / Rajguru, Chhaya / Sankhe, Lalitkumar R / Chavan, Shrinivas S / Yadav, Reetika Malik / Panda, Samiran

    Mycopathologia

    2023  Volume 188, Issue 5, Page(s) 745–753

    Abstract: Background: Sudden upsurge in cases of COVID-19 Associated Mucormycosis (CAM) following the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic was recorded in India. This study describes the clinical characteristics, management and outcomes of CAM cases, and factors ... ...

    Abstract Background: Sudden upsurge in cases of COVID-19 Associated Mucormycosis (CAM) following the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic was recorded in India. This study describes the clinical characteristics, management and outcomes of CAM cases, and factors associated with mortality.
    Methods: Microbiologically confirmed CAM cases were enrolled from April 2021 to September 2021 from ten diverse geographical locations in India. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and entered into a web portal designed specifically for this investigation. Bivariate analyses and logistic regression were conducted using R version 4.0.2.
    Results: A total of 336 CAM patients were enrolled; the majority were male (n = 232, 69.1%), literate (n = 261, 77.7%), and employed (n = 224, 66.7%). The commonest presenting symptoms in our cohort of patients were oro-facial and ophthalmological in nature. The median (Interquartile Range; IQR) interval between COVID diagnosis and admission due to mucormycosis was 31 (18, 47) days, whereas the median duration of symptoms of CAM before hospitalization was 10 (5, 20) days. All CAM cases received antifungal treatment, and debridement (either surgical or endoscopic or both) was carried out in the majority of them (326, 97.02%). Twenty-three (6.9%) of the enrolled CAM cases expired. The odds of death in CAM patients increased with an increase in HbA1c level (aOR: 1.34, 95%CI: 1.05, 1.72) following adjustment for age, gender, education and employment status.
    Conclusion: A longer vigil of around 4-6 weeks post-COVID-19 diagnosis is suggested for earlier diagnosis of CAM. Better glycemic control may avert mortality in admitted CAM cases.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Male ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19 Testing ; India/epidemiology ; Mucormycosis/diagnosis ; Mucormycosis/epidemiology ; Pandemics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-25
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Observational Study
    ZDB-ID 391081-7
    ISSN 1573-0832 ; 0369-299X ; 0301-486X ; 0027-5530
    ISSN (online) 1573-0832
    ISSN 0369-299X ; 0301-486X ; 0027-5530
    DOI 10.1007/s11046-023-00770-w
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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