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Article: Evaluation of

Kori, V K / Ravishankar, B / Patel, K S

Ayu

2023 Volume 42, Issue 2, Page(s) 103–109

Abstract: Background: Punarnavadi: Aim: To evaluate the hematinic effect of : Materials and methods: The test drug (: Results: Exposure of mercuric chloride to rats for 30 days resulted in a significant decrease of body weight, an increase in the weight ... ...

Abstract	Background: Punarnavadi Aim: To evaluate the hematinic effect of Materials and methods: The test drug ( Results: Exposure of mercuric chloride to rats for 30 days resulted in a significant decrease of body weight, an increase in the weight of the liver and kidney and a decrease in hemoglobin content. It also decreased serum ferritin to a significant extent and increased serum TIBC. Histopathology of the liver shows macro fatty changes, vacuolization, marked necrosis, and severe degenerative changes, while the kidney shows cell infiltration. All these changes were significantly attenuated by the administration of Conclusion: The present data indicate that
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-16
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	0974-8520
ISSN	0974-8520
DOI	10.4103/ayu.AYU_294_20
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Article: Prevention of

Rajagopala, Manjusha / Ravishankar, B / Ashok, B K / Varun, B Gupta

Ayu

2021 Volume 41, Issue 2, Page(s) 136–141

Abstract: Background: Cataract is a major cause of blindness worldwide. Researchers received much attention from the traditional systems such as Ayurveda for the solutions of cataract through antioxidant activities apart from the surgical extraction.: Aims: A ... ...

Abstract	Background: Cataract is a major cause of blindness worldwide. Researchers received much attention from the traditional systems such as Ayurveda for the solutions of cataract through antioxidant activities apart from the surgical extraction. Aims: A To study, the anti-cataract activity of Materials and methods: Artificial aqueous humor with 55 mM glucose was used to induce cataract in sheep eye lenses. Treatment was given with cow ghee (CG), plain fat, Results: The complete opacification induced by the glucose in ovine lens was observed in 72 h. Cataractous lenses showed significant increase in Na Conclusion: The anti-cataract activity of
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-23
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	0974-8520
ISSN	0974-8520
DOI	10.4103/ayu.AYU_99_20
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Article ; Online: Rejection of Fecal Immunochemical Tests Within the Lower Gastrointestinal Diagnostic Pathway: A Cohort Study.

Ball, Alex J / Aziz, Imran / Sargur, Ravishankar B / Merriman, Louise / Kurien, Matthew

Journal of primary care & community health

2023 Volume 15, Page(s) 21501319241228161

Abstract: Introduction/objectives: The fecal immunochemical test (FIT) helps triage primary care patients at risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Improving FIT returns has received recent attention, however uncertainty exists regarding the accurate completion of ... ...

Abstract	Introduction/objectives: The fecal immunochemical test (FIT) helps triage primary care patients at risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Improving FIT returns has received recent attention, however uncertainty exists regarding the accurate completion of samples provided for laboratory analysis. This study aims to identify the rejection rate of returned FIT samples and determine rejection causes. Methods: FIT samples from symptomatic patients within South Yorkshire, Bassetlaw, and North Derbyshire are processed at a central laboratory. Tests requests are made from 225 GP practices, which serve an estimated 2 million population. This study describes a retrospective review of FIT samples received in the central laboratory between 01/09/19 and 31/12/22. Locally held data was interrogated in March 2023 to determine the number of FIT samples received and rejected during the study period. Documented reasons for rejection were explored to identify common themes. Results: Total FIT specimens received during the study period was 126 422. Of these, 5190 (4.1%) were rejected. Monthly rejection rates fell from 17.4% in September 2019 to 1.3% in December 2022 ( Conclusions: This is the first study exploring FIT rejection rates in symptomatic primary care patients, which shows improvements in rejection rates over time. Targeted interventions could improve rejection rates further, thereby reducing NHS resource use and costs and diagnostic delays.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Cohort Studies ; Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Occult Blood ; Retrospective Studies ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Colonoscopy ; Feces
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2550221-9
ISSN	2150-1327 ; 2150-1319
ISSN (online)	2150-1327
ISSN	2150-1319
DOI	10.1177/21501319241228161
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Article ; Online: A randomized controlled trial of intravenous magnesium sulphate as an adjunct to standard therapy in atrial fibrillation

Raghu K / Ramakrishnan TV / Sreedevi G / Shreevani P / Gopala Krishna S / Ravishankar B

Acta Medica Martiniana, Vol 22, Iss 2, Pp 91-

2022 Volume 101

Abstract: Magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) has been proven as an analgesic, neuromuscular blocker agent, and treatment of acute asthma. ...

Abstract	Magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) has been proven as an analgesic, neuromuscular blocker agent, and treatment of acute asthma.
Keywords	atrial fibrillation ; magnesium sulphate ; heart rate ; sinus rhythm ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Sciendo
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article: In-vivo study of tissue reaction to Crotalaria pallida and Sansevieria roxburghiana fibers.

Kamath, Sahana / Sharma, Muralidhara / Ravishankar, B / Mundugaru, Ravi

Journal of Ayurveda and integrative medicine

2017 Volume 8, Issue 2, Page(s) 82–87

Abstract: Background: A suture material producing least tissue reaction is considered as ideal. Other characteristics like tensile strength, capacity to sustain sterilization process enhance its acceptability. In the present situation there is a need to ... ...

Abstract	Background: A suture material producing least tissue reaction is considered as ideal. Other characteristics like tensile strength, capacity to sustain sterilization process enhance its acceptability. In the present situation there is a need to reascertain the relevance and utility of these materials. Among the suture materials mentioned by Sushrutacharya, Moorva (Sansevieria roxburghiana) and Shana (Crotalaria pallida) have been showed insignificant tissue reaction in operated cases of inguinal hernia. An experimental study to confirm the extent of tissue reaction in deeper planes is needed before extending the use of materials in the deep tissues. Objective: The objective of the study was to analyze deep tissue reaction and tensile strengths of plant fibres extracted from Crotalaria pallida and Sansevieria roxburghiana. Materials and methods: The study was conducted on 18 albino rats, 3 groups of 6 rats each for a period of 21 days inserting the suture materials in deeper tissue, studying histopathology changes of the deeper connective tissues, hydroxyproline content and blood parameters on 7th, 14th, 21st days of the study. The tensile strength of the two materials was also assessed on 7th day in three different conditions. Statistical analysis was carried out using paired and unpaired t tests. Results: S. roxburghiana had least tissue reaction. C. pallida showed greater tensile strength in comparison to Moorva. Conclusion: C. pallida can be used for deep tissue approximation because of its moderate tissue reaction and tensile strength, successive increase in hydroxyproline content and its capacity to sustain sterilization.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-06-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	0975-9476
ISSN	0975-9476
DOI	10.1016/j.jaim.2016.12.002
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Article ; Online: Measurement and Quantification of Cystometric Bladder Pressure Spectra in an in-vivo Sheep Model: A Feasibility Study.

Ravishankar, Bhaskar / Vasdev, Ranveer M S / Timm, Gerald W / Nelson, Dwight E

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference

2021 Volume 2021, Page(s) 5005–5010

Abstract: Cystometry is a standard procedure for the clinical evaluation of lower urinary tract disorders such as detrusor overactivity (DO). The utility of this procedure for DO diagnosis, however, is limited by the use of physician observations of bladder ... ...

Abstract	Cystometry is a standard procedure for the clinical evaluation of lower urinary tract disorders such as detrusor overactivity (DO). The utility of this procedure for DO diagnosis, however, is limited by the use of physician observations of bladder contractions and patient reported filling sensations. Although a number of preclinical and clinical studies have observed and developed methods to characterize bladder pressure dynamics, these techniques have not been scaled for routine clinical application. The goal of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using an awake large animal model to characterize bladder pressure signals from cystometry as bladder pressure spectra and quantify changes in spectra during bladder filling. Two adult female sheep were trained for quiet catheterization in a minimally supportive sling and underwent multiple awake and limited anesthetized cystometry tests. In each test, bladder pressure was measured during continuous filling or with filling that included periods of no filling (constant volume). A Fast-Fourier Transform (FFT)-based algorithm was then used to quantify changes in pre-voiding bladder pressure spectra. Changes in Spectral Power (SP) and Weighted Average Frequency (WAF) were calculated during filling. To visualize temporal changes in bladder pressure frequencies during filling, Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) was also applied to cystometry data. Results showed that a significant increase in SP and decrease in WAF were both associated with bladder filling. However, during awake constant volume tests, SP significantly increased while changes in WAF were nonsignificant. Anesthetized tests demonstrated comparable values to awake tests for WAF while SP was considerably reduced. CWT facilitated visualization of spectral changes associated with SP and WAF as well as apparent non-voiding contractions during awake and anesthetized volume tests.Clinical Relevance-Bladder pressure spectra during cystometry are detectable in sheep and the changes during filling are similar to those observed in human retrospective clinical data. Sheep cystometry may be a valuable testbed for establishing and testing quantitative pressure spectra for use as a clinical diagnostic tool.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Sheep ; Urinary Bladder ; Urination ; Urodynamics
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2694-0604
ISSN (online)	2694-0604
DOI	10.1109/EMBC46164.2021.9630641
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Article ; Online: Fecal Immunochemical Testing in Patients With Low-Risk Symptoms of Colorectal Cancer: A Diagnostic Accuracy Study.

Ball, Alex J / Aziz, Imran / Parker, Sophie / Sargur, Ravishankar B / Aldis, Jonathan / Kurien, Matthew

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN

2022 Volume 20, Issue 9, Page(s) 989–996.e1

Abstract: Background: The fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is recommended for triaging primary care patients in England with low-risk symptoms of colorectal cancer (CRC). The evidence underpinning recommendations by the National Institute for Health and Care ... ...

Abstract	Background: The fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is recommended for triaging primary care patients in England with low-risk symptoms of colorectal cancer (CRC). The evidence underpinning recommendations by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence had limitations, with a paucity of primary care evidence. This study examines the diagnostic accuracy of FIT in a defined low-risk symptom primary care population. Patients and methods: Consecutive symptomatic adult patients referred for a FIT between October and December 2019 were included. Patients were derived from 225 primary care practices in England. Serious colorectal diseases (CRC, high-risk polyps, and inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]) were identified through patient follow-up over 18 months, using both primary and secondary healthcare records. Performance characteristics of FIT are reported according to differing thresholds, including the currently recommended threshold of ≥10 μg hemoglobin per gram of feces (μg/g). Results: A total of 3,506 patients were included in the final analysis. Of these, 708 had a positive FIT result (≥10 μg/g). The prevalence of CRC was 1.3%. FIT positivity declined from 20.2% to 5.8% and 4.5% at cutoffs of 10, 80, and 120 μg/g, respectively. The sensitivity of FIT at ≥10 μg/g to detect CRC was 91.1% (95% CI, 77.9%-97.1%); its specificity was 80.7% (95% CI, 79.3%-82.0%); the positive predictive value (PPV) was 5.8% (95% CI, 4.2%-7.8%); and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 99.9% (95% CI, 99.6%-99.95%). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.93 (0.91-0.96). PPV and specificity increased, whereas sensitivity and NPV decreased when serious colorectal diseases (CRC, high-risk polyps, and IBD) were combined. Age, sex, socioeconomic deprivation, and anemia did not significantly influence FIT sensitivity on subgroup analysis. Conclusions: Utilization of FIT at a threshold ≥10 μg/g can safely triage patients with low-risk symptoms in primary care, with negative results effectively ruling out CRC.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Colorectal Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Early Detection of Cancer/methods ; Feces/chemistry ; Hemoglobins/analysis ; Humans ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; Occult Blood ; Sensitivity and Specificity
Chemical Substances	Hemoglobins
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-08
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2250759-0
ISSN	1540-1413 ; 1540-1405
ISSN (online)	1540-1413
ISSN	1540-1405
DOI	10.6004/jnccn.2022.7037
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Article ; Online: Objective Quantification of Detrusor Overactivity Using Spectral Measures of Cystometry Data.

Ravishankar, Bhaskar / Vasdev, Ranveer M S / Timm, Gerald W / Elliott, Sean / Nakib, Nissrine A / Johnson, Matthew / Nelson, Dwight E

Urology

2023 Volume 174, Page(s) 206–211

Abstract: Objective: To develop scalable objective methods for differentiating patients with and without detrusor overactivity (DO) using quantitative Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)-based measures and routinely captured cystometry data.: Methods: Retrospective ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To develop scalable objective methods for differentiating patients with and without detrusor overactivity (DO) using quantitative Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)-based measures and routinely captured cystometry data. Methods: Retrospective cystometry data were collected as prevoid vesical and abdominal pressure signals from 18 DO and 10 SUI (non-DO) cystometry recordings. Data were filtered and divided into two equal-duration segments, Early and Late Fill, representing the first and second halves of filling. FFT was applied, followed by subtraction of abdominal spectra from vesical spectra. Spectral Power (SP) and Weighted Average Frequency (WAF) measures were calculated for each segment spectra within 1-6 cycles min Results: Compared to non-DO, the mean SP was significantly higher in DO patients for both Early and Late Fill segments. WAF was significantly lower in DO patients for both segments. Changes in spectral pressures appeared to be linked to the presence of detrusor contractions (DCs) and were especially visible when DCs were present in the Early Fill segments of cystometry. Conclusion: FFT-based spectral measures derived from routinely captured cystometry data are significantly different between DO and non-DO patients. This preliminary method is clinically scalable and can be further developed to facilitate the detection of DO, classify disease phenotype, and capture therapeutic efficacy.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Urodynamics ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic ; Urinary Bladder, Overactive/diagnosis
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	192062-5
ISSN	1527-9995 ; 0090-4295
ISSN (online)	1527-9995
ISSN	0090-4295
DOI	10.1016/j.urology.2023.01.012
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Article: PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF COMPOUND AYURVEDIC PREPARATIONS: Part C : Vettumaran Gutika(VTG).

Ravishankar, B / Sasikala, C K

Ancient science of life

2012 Volume 3, Issue 1, Page(s) 11–18

Abstract: Vettumaran Gutika produced moderate CNS depressant effect, prolonged pentobarbitone and diazepam induced sleep, produced initial depression followed by stimulation of SMA in mice. It did not effect SCR and CAR in rats, reserpine effects in mice and ... ...

Abstract	Vettumaran Gutika produced moderate CNS depressant effect, prolonged pentobarbitone and diazepam induced sleep, produced initial depression followed by stimulation of SMA in mice. It did not effect SCR and CAR in rats, reserpine effects in mice and threshold of tail-flick response in rats. It failed to protect rats and mice aginst Electro, pentylenetetrazol and strychnine induced convulsions and did not supress carrageenin induced hind paw oedema in rats. It produced negative inotropic and chronotropic effects on frog heart and antispasmodic effect in rats colon and guinea piga against various spasmogens. It depressed rhythmicity of rabbit jejunum and produced mild cholinolytic effect and has no effect on rat vasdeferens and frog rectus abdominis muscle.
Language	English
Publishing date	2012-05-02
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2660395-0
ISSN	2249-9547 ; 0257-7941
ISSN (online)	2249-9547
ISSN	0257-7941
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Article ; Online: Introduction to 'Rasashaastra' the Iatrochemistry of Ayurveda.

Savrikar, S S / Ravishankar, B

African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM

2011 Volume 8, Issue 5 Suppl, Page(s) 66–82

Abstract: The word Rasashaastra literally means the "Science of Mercury". It is a specialized branch of Ayurveda dealing mainly with materials which are known as 'Rasa dravyaas'. The products dealt under this discipline are an important component of Ayurvedic ... ...

Abstract	The word Rasashaastra literally means the "Science of Mercury". It is a specialized branch of Ayurveda dealing mainly with materials which are known as 'Rasa dravyaas'. The products dealt under this discipline are an important component of Ayurvedic therapeutics. Considering the importance of this discipline in Ayurvedic therapeutics and the fact that there is dearth of comprehensive review on the subject an attempt has been made in this review to provide a brief but all encompassing coverage of different aspects related to it. The subjects covered in the review are: historical background of the evolvement of Rasashaastra as a specialized branch during different time periods; different aspects of classification 'Rasa dravyaas'; processing of metal and mineral products with a note on the methods used during different time periods; information about methods of pre and post preparation procedures for different kinds of 'Rasa dravyaas'; importance of mercury in Ayurveda, its processing methods and different preparations along with therapeutic indications. In addition attempt has been made to provide basic information on the metal and mineral based preparations mentioned in Ayurvedic Formulary of India; recent development in the field of Rasashaastra and future requirements for the proper development of the discipline. The main focus is to familiarize the readers, from non-ayurvedic background, on different aspects of this specialized discipline.
MeSH term(s)	Formularies as Topic ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; India ; Medicine, Ayurvedic/history ; Mercury/history ; Mercury/therapeutic use ; Minerals/history ; Minerals/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Minerals ; Mercury (FXS1BY2PGL)
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-07-03
Publishing country	Nigeria
Document type	Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2505-0044
ISSN (online)	2505-0044
DOI	10.4314/ajtcam.v8i5S.1
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