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Article ; Online: The effects of two intramuscular sedation protocols on echocardiographic variables in cats following sedation and blood donation.

Reader, Rebecca C / Yang, Vicky K / Babyak, Jonathan M / Abelson, Amanda L

Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001)

2021 Volume 31, Issue 2, Page(s) 256–262

Abstract: Objective: To compare effects of 2 IM sedation protocols, alfaxalone-butorphanol (AB) versus dexmedetomidine-butorphanol (DB), on echocardiographic (ECHO) variables in cats following sedation and blood donation.: Design: Experimental randomized, ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To compare effects of 2 IM sedation protocols, alfaxalone-butorphanol (AB) versus dexmedetomidine-butorphanol (DB), on echocardiographic (ECHO) variables in cats following sedation and blood donation. Design: Experimental randomized, blinded crossover study. Setting: University teaching hospital. Animals: Eleven client-owned healthy cats. Interventions: Cats received a baseline ECHO without sedation prior to their first donation. Cats were sedated intramuscularly with AB (alfaxalone, 2 mg/kg, and butorphanol, 0.2 mg/kg) for 1 donation and DB (dexmedetomidine, 10 μg/kg, and butorphanol 0.2, mg/kg) for another, with a minimum 6 weeks between donations. A post-sedation, post-donation ECHO was performed after each blood donation. Measurements and main results: Eight cats completed the study. Compared to baseline, DB combined with blood donation decreased heart rate (-84/min; P < 0.0001), fractional shortening (-16.5%; P < 0.0001), ejection fraction (-21.0%; P = 0.0002), and cardiac output (-292 mL/min, P = 0.0001); AB combined with blood donation increased heart rate (+45/min; P = 0.0003) and decreased left ventricular end diastolic volume (-1.57 mL; P < 0.0001). Compared to AB, DB decreased heart rate (-129/min; P < 0.0001) and fractional shortening (-21.6%; P < 0.0001) and increased left ventricular end-systolic (+1.14 mL; P = 0.0004) and diastolic volumes (+1.93 mL; P < 0.0002). Cats administered DB had a significant increase in regurgitant flow across mitral, aortic, and pulmonic valves following blood donation (P < 0.05). One cat administered DB developed spontaneous echo contrast in the left ventricle following donation. Conclusions and clinical relevance: Compared to AB, DB had more pronounced effects on ECHO variables in cats following IM sedation and blood donation. Due to its minimal impact on ECHO variables, AB may be a more desirable sedation protocol in this population of cats.
MeSH term(s)	Anesthesia/veterinary ; Animals ; Blood Donors ; Butorphanol/pharmacology ; Cats/physiology ; Conscious Sedation/veterinary ; Cross-Over Studies ; Dexmedetomidine/pharmacology ; Echocardiography/veterinary ; Female ; Heart Rate/drug effects ; Heart Ventricles/diagnostic imaging ; Heart Ventricles/drug effects ; Hypnotics and Sedatives/administration & dosage ; Hypnotics and Sedatives/pharmacology ; Injections, Intramuscular/veterinary ; Male ; Pregnanediones/pharmacology
Chemical Substances	Hypnotics and Sedatives ; Pregnanediones ; Dexmedetomidine (67VB76HONO) ; alphaxalone (BD07M97B2A) ; Butorphanol (QV897JC36D)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-13
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial, Veterinary
ZDB-ID	2077212-9
ISSN	1476-4431 ; 1479-3261
ISSN (online)	1476-4431
ISSN	1479-3261
DOI	10.1111/vec.13058
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Iatrogenic ocular trauma associated with infraorbital block performed for rhinoscopy in a cat: case report and preliminary imaging findings.

Pumphrey, Stephanie A / Reader, Rebecca C / Rosenstein, Diana S / Mouser, Pamela J / Wetmore, Lois A

JFMS open reports

2021 Volume 7, Issue 1, Page(s) 20551169211011456

Abstract: Objectives: This paper describes a case of endophthalmitis in a feline patient caused by globe penetration during an infraorbital block performed to provide analgesia during rhinoscopy, and presents additional imaging and dissection data demonstrating ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: This paper describes a case of endophthalmitis in a feline patient caused by globe penetration during an infraorbital block performed to provide analgesia during rhinoscopy, and presents additional imaging and dissection data demonstrating risk of iatrogenic ocular trauma during infraorbital blocks in cats when the infraorbital canal is entered. Methods: Case records and accompanying histopathologic reports were reviewed for the feline patient. Separately, two feline cadavers were imaged using CT following placement of 5/8" 25 G needles or 1" 22 G over the needle catheters in the infraorbital canal. Infraorbital blocks with injection of trypan blue dye followed by dissection were performed in two further feline cadavers to assess the potential for globe penetration and to provide preliminary information regarding the potential efficacy of infraorbital blocks for analgesia during rhinoscopy. Results: Clinical and histopathologic findings support inadvertent globe penetration during infraorbital block as the cause for endophthalmitis in the feline patient described. CT imaging and dye injection studies further demonstrate the risks involved with this local anesthetic technique in cats. Conclusions and relevance: Further study is needed to assess the safety and efficacy of infraorbital blocks performed for rhinoscopy in cats. Catheters may be safer anesthetic delivery devices than needles. Extreme caution should be used when entering the infraorbital canal in cats.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2822177-1
ISSN	2055-1169 ; 2055-1169
ISSN (online)	2055-1169
ISSN	2055-1169
DOI	10.1177/20551169211011456
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Comparison of two intramuscular sedation protocols on sedation, recovery and ease of venipuncture for cats undergoing blood donation.

Reader, Rebecca C / Barton, Bruce A / Abelson, Amanda L

Journal of feline medicine and surgery

2018 Volume 21, Issue 2, Page(s) 95–102

Abstract: Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the quality of sedation and recovery, and ease of venipuncture following sedation for feline blood donation using two intramuscular (IM) sedation protocols: alfaxalone/butorphanol (AB) and dexmedetomidine/ ...

Abstract	Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the quality of sedation and recovery, and ease of venipuncture following sedation for feline blood donation using two intramuscular (IM) sedation protocols: alfaxalone/butorphanol (AB) and dexmedetomidine/butorphanol (DB). Methods: This was an experimental randomized, blinded, crossover study. Ten client-owned healthy cats were recruited to participate in the study. Cats were sedated with AB (alfaxalone 2 mg/kg and butorphanol 0.2 mg/kg) for one donation and DB (dexmedetomidine 10 μg/kg and butorphanol 0.2 mg/kg) for another. Reaction to injection, quality of sedation and quality of recovery were assessed by a blinded observer. Time to lateral recumbency, number of venipuncture attempts, time required for blood collection and time to return to sternal recumbency were recorded. Cats were monitored for evidence of gastrointestinal distress. Each donation consisted of a maximum of 53 ml whole blood drawn over 3-22 mins. Donors received 100 ml subcutaneous lactated Ringer's solution in recovery. Owners, unaware of sedation protocol, were asked to complete a questionnaire evaluating their cat's behavior following sedation. Results: IM injections were well tolerated by both treatment groups. There was no significant difference between treatment groups in sedation scores for posture ( P = 0.30) or behavior ( P = 0.06). Cats sedated with DB had significantly higher muscle relaxation scores ( P = 0.03) compared with AB. There was no significant difference between treatment groups in time to lateral recumbency ( P = 0.12), number of venipuncture attempts ( P = 0.91) and time for blood draw ( P = 0.29). There was no difference in quality of recoveries between treatment groups based on simple descriptive scores ( P = 0.18) and owner evaluation 24 h following sedation. One cat vomited following administration of DB. Conclusions and relevance: Alfaxalone is a suitable alternative to dexmedetomidine when combined with butorphanol and used as part of an IM sedation protocol for cats undergoing blood donation.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Blood Transfusion/veterinary ; Cats ; Conscious Sedation/veterinary ; Hypnotics and Sedatives/administration & dosage ; Hypnotics and Sedatives/adverse effects ; Hypnotics and Sedatives/therapeutic use ; Injections, Intramuscular/veterinary ; Phlebotomy/methods ; Phlebotomy/veterinary
Chemical Substances	Hypnotics and Sedatives
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-03-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2049047-1
ISSN	1532-2750 ; 1098-612X
ISSN (online)	1532-2750
ISSN	1098-612X
DOI	10.1177/1098612X18760434
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Iatrogenic ocular trauma associated with infraorbital block performed for rhinoscopy in a cat: case report and preliminary imaging findings

Pumphrey, Stephanie A / Reader, Rebecca C / Rosenstein, Diana S / Mouser, Pamela J / Wetmore, Lois A

Journal of feline medicine and surgery open reports. 2021 Apr., v. 7, no. 1

2021

Abstract: This paper describes a case of endophthalmitis in a feline patient caused by globe penetration during an infraorbital block performed to provide analgesia during rhinoscopy, and presents additional imaging and dissection data demonstrating risk of ... ...

Abstract	This paper describes a case of endophthalmitis in a feline patient caused by globe penetration during an infraorbital block performed to provide analgesia during rhinoscopy, and presents additional imaging and dissection data demonstrating risk of iatrogenic ocular trauma during infraorbital blocks in cats when the infraorbital canal is entered. Case records and accompanying histopathologic reports were reviewed for the feline patient. Separately, two feline cadavers were imaged using CT following placement of 5/8" 25 G needles or 1" 22 G over the needle catheters in the infraorbital canal. Infraorbital blocks with injection of trypan blue dye followed by dissection were performed in two further feline cadavers to assess the potential for globe penetration and to provide preliminary information regarding the potential efficacy of infraorbital blocks for analgesia during rhinoscopy. Clinical and histopathologic findings support inadvertent globe penetration during infraorbital block as the cause for endophthalmitis in the feline patient described. CT imaging and dye injection studies further demonstrate the risks involved with this local anesthetic technique in cats. Further study is needed to assess the safety and efficacy of infraorbital blocks performed for rhinoscopy in cats. Catheters may be safer anesthetic delivery devices than needles. Extreme caution should be used when entering the infraorbital canal in cats.
Keywords	analgesia ; case studies ; cats ; dissection ; dyes ; histopathology ; local anesthetics ; medicine ; patients ; rhinoscopy ; risk
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-04
Publishing place	SAGE Publications
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2822177-1
ISSN	2055-1169
ISSN	2055-1169
DOI	10.1177/20551169211011456
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Comparison of two intramuscular sedation protocols on sedation, recovery and ease of venipuncture for cats undergoing blood donation

Reader, Rebecca C / Barton, Bruce A / Abelson, Amanda L

Journal of feline medicine and surgery. 2019 Feb., v. 21, no. 2

2019

Abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the quality of sedation and recovery, and ease of venipuncture following sedation for feline blood donation using two intramuscular (IM) sedation protocols: alfaxalone/butorphanol (AB) and dexmedetomidine/butorphanol ( ...

Abstract	The aim of this study was to compare the quality of sedation and recovery, and ease of venipuncture following sedation for feline blood donation using two intramuscular (IM) sedation protocols: alfaxalone/butorphanol (AB) and dexmedetomidine/butorphanol (DB). This was an experimental randomized, blinded, crossover study. Ten client-owned healthy cats were recruited to participate in the study. Cats were sedated with AB (alfaxalone 2 mg/kg and butorphanol 0.2 mg/kg) for one donation and DB (dexmedetomidine 10 μg/kg and butorphanol 0.2 mg/kg) for another. Reaction to injection, quality of sedation and quality of recovery were assessed by a blinded observer. Time to lateral recumbency, number of venipuncture attempts, time required for blood collection and time to return to sternal recumbency were recorded. Cats were monitored for evidence of gastrointestinal distress. Each donation consisted of a maximum of 53 ml whole blood drawn over 3–22 mins. Donors received 100 ml subcutaneous lactated Ringer’s solution in recovery. Owners, unaware of sedation protocol, were asked to complete a questionnaire evaluating their cat’s behavior following sedation. IM injections were well tolerated by both treatment groups. There was no significant difference between treatment groups in sedation scores for posture (P = 0.30) or behavior (P = 0.06). Cats sedated with DB had significantly higher muscle relaxation scores (P = 0.03) compared with AB. There was no significant difference between treatment groups in time to lateral recumbency (P = 0.12), number of venipuncture attempts (P = 0.91) and time for blood draw (P = 0.29). There was no difference in quality of recoveries between treatment groups based on simple descriptive scores (P = 0.18) and owner evaluation 24 h following sedation. One cat vomited following administration of DB. Alfaxalone is a suitable alternative to dexmedetomidine when combined with butorphanol and used as part of an IM sedation protocol for cats undergoing blood donation.
Keywords	alfaxalone ; blood ; butorphanol ; cats ; cross-over studies ; dexmedetomidine ; distress ; gastrointestinal system ; muscles ; posture ; questionnaires ; sedation
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-02
Size	p. 95-102.
Publishing place	SAGE Publications
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2049047-1
ISSN	1532-2750 ; 1098-612X
ISSN (online)	1532-2750
ISSN	1098-612X
DOI	10.1177/1098612X18760434
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Comparison of liposomal bupivacaine and 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride for control of postoperative pain in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy.

Reader, Rebecca C / McCarthy, Robert J / Schultz, Krystle L / Volturo, Alison R / Barton, Bruce A / O'Hara, Mara J / Abelson, Amanda L

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association

2020 Volume 256, Issue 9, Page(s) 1011–1019

Abstract: Objective: To compare liposome-encapsulated bupivacaine (LEB) and (nonliposomal) 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride (0.5BH) for control of postoperative pain in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO).: Animals: 33 client-owned dogs.: ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To compare liposome-encapsulated bupivacaine (LEB) and (nonliposomal) 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride (0.5BH) for control of postoperative pain in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO). Animals: 33 client-owned dogs. Procedures: In a randomized clinical trial, dogs undergoing TPLO received LEB (5.3 mg/kg [2.4 mg/lb]) or 0.5BH (1.5 mg/kg [0.68 mg/lb]) by periarticular soft tissue injection. All dogs received carprofen (2.2 mg/kg [1 mg/lb], SC, q 12 h) beginning at extubation. Signs of pain were assessed at extubation and predetermined times up to 48 hours later with the Colorado State University-Canine Acute Pain Scale and Glasgow Composite Pain Scale-Short Form. A pressure nociceptive threshold device was used at the affected stifle joint before surgery and at 5 postoperative time points. Methadone (0.1 mg/kg [0.05 mg/lb], IV) was administered if the Colorado State University pain scale score was ≥ 2 (scale, 0 to 4). Surgical variables; pain scores; pressure nociceptive thresholds; times to first administration of rescue analgesic, first walk, and first meal consumption; and total opioid administration were compared between treatment groups. Results: 28 dogs completed the study. Dogs administered LEB were less likely to require rescue analgesia and received lower amounts of opioids than dogs administered 0.5BH. There were no significant intergroup differences in other measured variables. Conclusions and clinical relevance: The LEB appeared to provide adequate analgesia after TPLO with lower requirements for opioid treatments, which may allow dogs to be discharged from the hospital earlier than with traditional pain management strategies.
MeSH term(s)	Anesthetics, Local/therapeutic use ; Animals ; Bupivacaine/therapeutic use ; Colorado ; Dog Diseases ; Dogs ; Osteotomy/veterinary ; Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy ; Pain, Postoperative/prevention & control ; Pain, Postoperative/veterinary ; Stifle/surgery
Chemical Substances	Anesthetics, Local ; Bupivacaine (Y8335394RO)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial, Veterinary
ZDB-ID	390811-2
ISSN	1943-569X ; 0003-1488
ISSN (online)	1943-569X
ISSN	0003-1488
DOI	10.2460/javma.256.9.1011
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Article: Comparison of liposomal bupivacaine and 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride for control of postoperative pain in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy

Reader, Rebecca C / MCCarthy, Robert J / Schultz, Krystle L / Volturo, Alison R / Barton, Bruce A / O'Hara, Mara J / Abelson, Amanda L

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 2020 May 1, v. 256, no. 9

2020

Abstract: OBJECTIVE To compare liposome-encapsulated bupivacaine (LEB) and (nonliposomal) 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride (0.5BH) for control of postoperative pain in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO). ANIMALS 33 client-owned dogs. PROCEDURES ...

Abstract	OBJECTIVE To compare liposome-encapsulated bupivacaine (LEB) and (nonliposomal) 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride (0.5BH) for control of postoperative pain in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO). ANIMALS 33 client-owned dogs. PROCEDURES In a randomized clinical trial, dogs undergoing TPLO received LEB (5.3 mg/kg [2.4 mg/lb]) or 0.5BH (1.5 mg/kg [0.68 mg/lb]) by periarticular soft tissue injection. All dogs received carprofen (2.2 mg/kg [1 mg/lb], SC, q 12 h) beginning at extubation. Signs of pain were assessed at extubation and predetermined times up to 48 hours later with the Colorado State University-Canine Acute Pain Scale and Glasgow Composite Pain Scale-Short Form. A pressure nociceptive threshold device was used at the affected stifle joint before surgery and at 5 postoperative time points. Methadone (0.1 mg/kg [0.05 mg/lb], IV) was administered if the Colorado State University pain scale score was ≥ 2 (scale, 0 to 4). Surgical variables; pain scores; pressure nociceptive thresholds; times to first administration of rescue analgesic, first walk, and first meal consumption; and total opioid administration were compared between treatment groups. RESULTS 28 dogs completed the study. Dogs administered LEB were less likely to require rescue analgesia and received lower amounts of opioids than dogs administered 0.5BH. There were no significant intergroup differences in other measured variables. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The LEB appeared to provide adequate analgesia after TPLO with lower requirements for opioid treatments, which may allow dogs to be discharged from the hospital earlier than with traditional pain management strategies.
Keywords	analgesia ; hospitals ; methadone ; osteotomy ; pain ; randomized clinical trials ; stifle ; tissues ; Colorado
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-0501
Size	p. 1011-1019.
Publishing place	American Veterinary Medical Association
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	390811-2
ISSN	1943-569X ; 0003-1488
ISSN (online)	1943-569X
ISSN	0003-1488
DOI	10.2460/javma.256.9.1011
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: The effects of two intramuscular sedation protocols on echocardiographic variables in cats following sedation and blood donation.

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Article ; Online: Iatrogenic ocular trauma associated with infraorbital block performed for rhinoscopy in a cat: case report and preliminary imaging findings.

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Article ; Online: Comparison of two intramuscular sedation protocols on sedation, recovery and ease of venipuncture for cats undergoing blood donation.

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Article: Iatrogenic ocular trauma associated with infraorbital block performed for rhinoscopy in a cat: case report and preliminary imaging findings

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Article: Comparison of two intramuscular sedation protocols on sedation, recovery and ease of venipuncture for cats undergoing blood donation

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Article ; Online: Comparison of liposomal bupivacaine and 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride for control of postoperative pain in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy.

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Article: Comparison of liposomal bupivacaine and 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride for control of postoperative pain in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy

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