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  1. Article ; Online: The histone H2B Arg95 residue efficiently recruits the transcription factor Spt16 to mediate Ste5 expression of the pheromone response pathway

    Abdallah Alhaj Sulaiman / Reem Ali / Dindial Ramotar

    Scientific Reports, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2023  Volume 13

    Abstract: Abstract In yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the immunosuppressant rapamycin inhibits the TORC1 kinase causing rapid alteration in gene expression and leading to G1 arrest. We recently reported the isolation and characterization from the histone mutant ... ...

    Abstract Abstract In yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the immunosuppressant rapamycin inhibits the TORC1 kinase causing rapid alteration in gene expression and leading to G1 arrest. We recently reported the isolation and characterization from the histone mutant collection of a histone H2B R95A mutant that displays resistance to rapamycin. This mutant is defective in the expression of several genes belonging to the pheromone response pathway including STE5 encoding a scaffold protein that promotes the activation of downstream MAP kinases. Cells lacking Ste5 cannot arrest the cell cycle in response to rapamycin and as a consequence exhibit similar resistance to rapamycin as the H2B R95A mutant. Herein, we show that the H2B R95A mutation weakens the association of H2B with Spt16 a component of the FACT complex (FAcilitates Chromatin Transcription), and an essential factor that interacts with the histone H2A-H2B dimer to promote transcription and preserve chromatin integrity. From a collection of spt16 mutants, spt16 E857K and spt16-11 showed striking sensitivity to rapamycin as compared to the parent strain. spt16 E857K and spt16-11 expressed distinct forms of Ste5, while a suppressor mutation H2B A84D of the spt16-11 mutant prevents the expression of Ste5 and confers marked resistance to rapamycin. We interpret these findings to suggest that the Arg95 residue of histone H2B is required to recruit Spt16 to maintain the expression of STE5, which performs a role to arrest cells in the G1 phase in response to rapamycin.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 570
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article: Acral melanoma of the heel mimicking a pressure sore.

    Fischer, Matthias / Sünkenberg, Anita / Deeb, Reem Ali / Krapohl, Björn Dirk

    GMS Interdisciplinary plastic and reconstructive surgery DGPW

    2024  Volume 13, Page(s) Doc03

    Abstract: Background: The clinical appearance of acral melanoma is diverse and can cause diagnostic difficulties in individual cases.: Case description: We present a clinical case of an 83-year-old patient with a melanoma in the heel area that was initially ... ...

    Abstract Background: The clinical appearance of acral melanoma is diverse and can cause diagnostic difficulties in individual cases.
    Case description: We present a clinical case of an 83-year-old patient with a melanoma in the heel area that was initially interpreted as a pressure ulcer, resulting in delayed and more complicated treatment.
    Conclusions: Melanomas should be included in the differential diagnosis even in "typical" pressure ulcer areas. Against the background of increasingly poor healthcare in rural areas, an increase in such cases can be expected.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-04
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2645026-4
    ISSN 2193-8091
    ISSN 2193-8091
    DOI 10.3205/iprs000185
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: A simple protocol to isolate a single human cell PRDX1 knockout generated by CRISPR-Cas9 system

    Mustapha Aouida / Dina Aljogol / Reem Ali / Dindial Ramotar

    STAR Protocols, Vol 3, Iss 1, Pp 101216- (2022)

    2022  

    Abstract: Summary: Here, we describe a protocol for human PRDX1 gene knockout cells using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. The protocol describes all the steps sequentially: (1) single-guide RNA design, cloning, and transfection; (2) gene editing evaluation by T7EI assay; ( ...

    Abstract Summary: Here, we describe a protocol for human PRDX1 gene knockout cells using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. The protocol describes all the steps sequentially: (1) single-guide RNA design, cloning, and transfection; (2) gene editing evaluation by T7EI assay; (3) single-cell isolation; and (4) knockout verification to determine indels in one or both alleles by Sanger sequencing. This strategy is based on the efficiency of DNA editing, avoids antibiotic selection, and bypasses the need for cell sorting.
    Keywords Cell Biology ; Cell culture ; Cell isolation ; Molecular Biology ; CRISPR ; Biotechnology and bioengineering ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Acral melanoma of the heel mimicking a pressure sore

    Fischer, Matthias / Sünkenberg, Anita / Deeb, Reem Ali / Krapohl, Björn Dirk

    GMS Interdisciplinary Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery DGPW

    2024  Volume 13, Page(s) 3

    Abstract: Hintergrund: Das klinische Erscheinungsbild des akralen Melanoms ist vielfältig und kann in einzelnen Fällen diagnostische Schwierigkeiten verursachen.: Fallbeschreibung: Wir präsentieren einen klinischen Fall einer 83-jährigen Patientin mit einem ... ...

    Title translation Akrales Melanom der Ferse verkannt als Druckgeschwür
    Abstract Hintergrund: Das klinische Erscheinungsbild des akralen Melanoms ist vielfältig und kann in einzelnen Fällen diagnostische Schwierigkeiten verursachen.
    Fallbeschreibung: Wir präsentieren einen klinischen Fall einer 83-jährigen Patientin mit einem Melanom im Fersenbereich, das zunächst als Druckgeschwür interpretiert wurde, was zu verzögerter und komplizierterer Behandlung führte.
    Schlussfolgerungen: Melanome sollten auch in „typischen“ Druckgeschwürbereichen in die differenzialdiagnostischen Überlegungen einbezogen werden. Vor dem Hintergrund einer zunehmend schlechteren Gesundheitsversorgung in ländlichen Gebieten ist mit einer Zunahme solcher Fälle zu rechnen. ; Background: The clinical appearance of acral melanoma is diverse and can cause diagnostic difficulties in individual cases.
    Case description: We present a clinical case of an 83-year-old patient with a melanoma in the heel area that was initially interpreted as a pressure ulcer, resulting in delayed and more complicated treatment.
    Conclusions: Melanomas should be included in the differential diagnosis even in “typical” pressure ulcer areas. Against the background of increasingly poor healthcare in rural areas, an increase in such cases can be expected.
    Keywords Medizin, Gesundheit ; melanoma ; pressure ulcers ; nursing ; Melanom ; Druckgeschwüre ; Pflege
    Publishing date 2024-03-04
    Publisher German Medical Science GMS Publishing House; Düsseldorf
    Document type Article ; Online
    ISSN 2193-8091
    ISSN (online) 2193-8091
    DOI 10.3205/iprs000185
    Database German Medical Science

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  5. Article: Violence Against Iraqi Doctors: A Sample from the Baghdad City.

    Khalil, Nawar Sahib / Haddad, Reem Ali / Tawfeeq, Ruqaya Subhi / Salih, Jalil Ibrahim / Al-Yuzbaki, Dhafer Basheer

    Medicine, conflict, and survival

    2023  Volume 39, Issue 4, Page(s) 423–436

    Abstract: Physicians have recently become a target of workplace-violence, with rates four times higher than other workers studied. This study aimed to investigate the enormity and nature of violence directed against Iraqi doctors as well as to determine doctors' ... ...

    Abstract Physicians have recently become a target of workplace-violence, with rates four times higher than other workers studied. This study aimed to investigate the enormity and nature of violence directed against Iraqi doctors as well as to determine doctors' experiences in dealing with post-violence exposure and their plans to leave country for good. In this cross-sectional study, 397-medical staff surveyed online using reproducible, validated, and piloted questionnaire over a period of four weeks. Chi-square test used to assess the association between the typology of doctors'-violence exposure and their socio-demographic and workplace characteristics. Verbal-violence is the dominant-type experienced by Iraqi physicians (84.1%) followed by threats and physical-violence (50.4% and 31.2%). Resident-doctors are most affected among work-placements for all types of violence. Significant-associations have been observed between these three types of violent attacks and many of the doctors' demographic-characteristics (
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Iraq ; Physicians ; Workplace Violence ; Exposure to Violence
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1314196-x
    ISSN 1362-3699
    ISSN 1362-3699
    DOI 10.1080/13623699.2023.2240225
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: The histone H2B Arg95 residue links the pheromone response pathway to rapamycin-induced G1 arrest in yeast

    Abdallah Alhaj Sulaiman / Reem Ali / Mustapha Aouida / Balasubramanian Moovarkumudalvan / Dindial Ramotar

    Scientific Reports, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2022  Volume 14

    Abstract: Abstract Rapamycin is an immunosuppressant used for treating many types of diseases such as kidney carcinomas. In yeast, rapamycin inhibits the TORC1 kinase signaling pathway causing rapid alteration in gene expression and ultimately cell cycle arrest in ...

    Abstract Abstract Rapamycin is an immunosuppressant used for treating many types of diseases such as kidney carcinomas. In yeast, rapamycin inhibits the TORC1 kinase signaling pathway causing rapid alteration in gene expression and ultimately cell cycle arrest in G1 through mechanisms that are not fully understood. Herein, we screened a histone mutant collection and report that one of the mutants, H2B R95A, is strikingly resistant to rapamycin due to a defective cell cycle arrest. We show that the H2B R95A causes defects in the expression of a subset of genes of the pheromone pathway required for α factor-induced G1 arrest. The expression of the STE5 gene and its encoded scaffold protein Ste5, required for the sequential activation of the MAPKs of the pheromone pathway, is greatly reduced in the H2B R95A mutant. Similar to the H2B R95A mutant, cells devoid of Ste5 are also resistant to rapamycin. Rapamycin-induced G1 arrest does not involve detectable phosphorylation of the MAPKs, Kss1, and Fus3, as reported for α factor-induced G1 arrest. However, we observed a sharp induction of the G1 cyclin Cln2 (~ 3- to 4-fold) in the ste5Δ mutant within 30 min of exposure to rapamycin. Our data provide a new insight whereby rapamycin signaling via the Torc1 kinase may exploit the pheromone pathway to arrest cells in the G1 phase.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 570
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Can Cisplatin Therapy Be Improved? Pathways That Can Be Targeted

    Reem Ali / Mustapha Aouida / Abdallah Alhaj Sulaiman / Srinivasan Madhusudan / Dindial Ramotar

    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 23, Iss 7241, p

    2022  Volume 7241

    Abstract: Cisplatin ( cis -diamminedichloroplatinum (II)) is the oldest known chemotherapeutic agent. Since the identification of its anti-tumour activity, it earned a remarkable place as a treatment of choice for several cancer types. It remains effective against ...

    Abstract Cisplatin ( cis -diamminedichloroplatinum (II)) is the oldest known chemotherapeutic agent. Since the identification of its anti-tumour activity, it earned a remarkable place as a treatment of choice for several cancer types. It remains effective against testicular, bladder, lung, head and neck, ovarian, and other cancers. Cisplatin treatment triggers different cellular responses. However, it exerts its cytotoxic effects by generating inter-strand and intra-strand crosslinks in DNA. Tumour cells often develop tolerance mechanisms by effectively repairing cisplatin-induced DNA lesions or tolerate the damage by adopting translesion DNA synthesis. Cisplatin-associated nephrotoxicity is also a huge challenge for effective therapy. Several preclinical and clinical studies attempted to understand the major limitations associated with cisplatin therapy, and so far, there is no definitive solution. As such, a more comprehensive molecular and genetic profiling of patients is needed to identify those individuals that can benefit from platinum therapy. Additionally, the treatment regimen can be improved by combining cisplatin with certain molecular targeted therapies to achieve a balance between tumour toxicity and tolerance mechanisms. In this review, we discuss the importance of various biological processes that contribute to the resistance of cisplatin and its derivatives. We aim to highlight the processes that can be modulated to suppress cisplatin resistance and provide an insight into the role of uptake transporters in enhancing drug efficacy.
    Keywords cisplatin ; cisplatin resistance ; DNA repair ; platinum sensitisation ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article: Immunomodulatory, Anticancer, and Antimicrobial Effects of Rice Bran Grown in Iraq: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study.

    Talib, Wamidh H / Mahmod, Asma Ismail / Awajan, Dima / Hamed, Reem Ali / Al-Yasari, Intisar Hadi

    Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 15, Issue 12

    Abstract: Emerging evidence supports the role of rice bran in cancer prevention. Studies were conducted on multiple rice cultivars. However, limited studies were conducted on rice cultivars in the Middle East. In this study, rice bran growing in Iraq ( ...

    Abstract Emerging evidence supports the role of rice bran in cancer prevention. Studies were conducted on multiple rice cultivars. However, limited studies were conducted on rice cultivars in the Middle East. In this study, rice bran growing in Iraq (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-01
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2193542-7
    ISSN 1424-8247
    ISSN 1424-8247
    DOI 10.3390/ph15121502
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Combination Anticancer Therapies Using Selected Phytochemicals

    Wamidh H. Talib / Dima Awajan / Reem Ali Hamed / Aya O. Azzam / Asma Ismail Mahmod / Intisar Hadi AL-Yasari

    Molecules, Vol 27, Iss 5452, p

    2022  Volume 5452

    Abstract: Cancer is still one of the most widespread diseases globally, it is considered a vital health challenge worldwide and one of the main barriers to long life expectancy. Due to the potential toxicity and lack of selectivity of conventional chemotherapeutic ...

    Abstract Cancer is still one of the most widespread diseases globally, it is considered a vital health challenge worldwide and one of the main barriers to long life expectancy. Due to the potential toxicity and lack of selectivity of conventional chemotherapeutic agents, discovering alternative treatments is a top priority. Plant-derived natural products have high potential in cancer treatment due to their multiple mechanisms of action, diversity in structure, availability in nature, and relatively low toxicity. In this review, the anticancer mechanisms of the most common phytochemicals were analyzed. Furthermore, a detailed discussion of the anticancer effect of combinations consisting of natural product or natural products with chemotherapeutic drugs was provided. This review should provide a strong platform for researchers and clinicians to improve basic and clinical research in the development of alternative anticancer medicines.
    Keywords alternative anticancer therapy ; natural products ; cancer ; curcumin ; resveratrol ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article: Serum Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Leptin as Potential Biomarkers for Treatment Response and Toxicity in Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck.

    Alrehaili, Amani A / Gharib, Amal F / Bakhuraysah, Maha M / Alharthi, Afaf / Alsalmi, Ohud / Alsaeedi, Fouzeyyah Ali / Alhakami, Reem Ali / Alasmari, Kamilah Ali / Mohammed, Nuha / Elsawy, Wael H

    Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)

    2024  Volume 12, Issue 3

    Abstract: Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) is a globally prevalent form of cancer with significant morbidity and mortality rates. The present study examines the relationship of serum pro-inflammatory cytokines and leptin levels with the ... ...

    Abstract Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) is a globally prevalent form of cancer with significant morbidity and mortality rates. The present study examines the relationship of serum pro-inflammatory cytokines and leptin levels with the effectiveness of therapy in individuals with HNSCC and their potential role as biomarkers for treatment response and toxicity. Induction chemotherapy and concomitant chemoradiotherapy were evaluated for efficacy and safety in 52 individuals with HNSCC. Both response and toxicity were evaluated, and serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines Interlukin-1 beta (IL-1β), Interlukin-2 (IL-2), Interlukin-6 (IL-6), and Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-α) and leptin were measured using enzyme-linked immunoassay before and after treatment. Before treatment, these measurements were made in comparison with a control group with 50 healthy people. The results showed that serum cytokines and leptin levels varied depending on the response to treatment, with patients who had a complete or partial response (PR) showing significant decreases in IL-1 β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels and significant increases in IL-2 and leptin levels after treatment, with an improvement in cachexia. These results imply that variations in serum pro-inflammatory cytokines and leptin levels are likely related to the therapeutic effectiveness in HNSCC and may act as biomarkers for treatment response.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-11
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2720869-2
    ISSN 2079-9721
    ISSN 2079-9721
    DOI 10.3390/diseases12030055
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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