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Article ; Online: Host associations of Culex panocossa (Diptera: Culicidae) in southern Florida and its implications for arbovirus transmission.

Sloyer, Kristin E / Reeves, Lawrence E / Burkett-Cadena, Nathan D

2024

Abstract: Culex panocossa, Dyar and Knab, an important enzootic vector of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus subtype ID in Central and South America, was found to have invaded and become established in southern Florida in 2016. No information is currently ... ...

Abstract	Culex panocossa, Dyar and Knab, an important enzootic vector of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus subtype ID in Central and South America, was found to have invaded and become established in southern Florida in 2016. No information is currently available regarding the ecology of this invasive mosquito in the United States. Here, we use PCR-based blood meal analysis to investigate vertebrate host associations of Cx. panocossa from Florida to provide information necessary for determining the potential importance of this mosquito for arbovirus transmission in the United States. Culex panocossa fed mainly upon birds (49.5%) but took a substantial fraction of blood meals from mammals (33.3%) and reptiles (17.1%). By feeding upon amplifying hosts of Everglades virus (hispid cotton rat) and eastern equine encephalitis virus (wading birds) and humans, Cx. panocossa could act as a bridge vector for these pathogenic Alphaviruses in Florida, potentially resulting in increased human disease.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	410635-0
ISSN	1938-2928 ; 0022-2585
ISSN (online)	1938-2928
ISSN	0022-2585
DOI	10.1093/jme/tjae021
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Changes in mosquito species and blood meal composition associated with adulticide applications.

Kim, Dongmin / Burkett-Cadena, Nathan D / Reeves, Lawrence E

Scientific reports

2023 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 22087

Abstract: Although adulticide application is a pillar in the integrated management of nuisance and vector mosquitoes, non-target effects of adulticide applications within ecosystems are a substantial concern. However, the impacts of adulticide applications on non- ... ...

Abstract	Although adulticide application is a pillar in the integrated management of nuisance and vector mosquitoes, non-target effects of adulticide applications within ecosystems are a substantial concern. However, the impacts of adulticide applications on non-target organisms are not necessarily detrimental, and in some cases, may provide benefits to certain organisms or wildlife. Here, we hypothesized that adulticide applications have beneficial non-target impacts on vertebrate wildlife through reduced biting pressure. To test this, we collected mosquitoes from ultra-low volume Permanone-treated (intervention) and untreated (reference) areas and assessed mosquito abundance and diversity, and abundance of blood-engorged female mosquitoes. We performed DNA barcoding analysis on mosquito blood meals to identify host species. Our results demonstrated a significant reduction in mosquito abundance by 58.9% in the intervention areas, taking into account the reduction in reference areas. Consequently, this decline led to a 64.5% reduction in the abundance of blood-engorged females. We also found a temporal dynamic of mosquito composition driven by mosquito control actions in which different mosquito species became dominant at treated sites while composition at reference areas remained similar during the same period. The present study suggests that the beneficial effects of mosquito control treatments for humans extend to other vertebrates, which represents an unstudied and rarely recognized non-target impact.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Female ; Ecosystem ; Vertebrates/genetics ; Animals, Wild ; Meals
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-023-49494-3
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Mosquito Blood Meal Analysis.

Reeves, Lawrence E / Burkett-Cadena, Nathan D

Cold Spring Harbor protocols

2023

Abstract: The host associations of mosquitoes vary by species, with some species being relative generalists, whereas others specialize, to varying extents, on a particular subset of the available host community. These host associations are driving factors in ... ...

Abstract	The host associations of mosquitoes vary by species, with some species being relative generalists, whereas others specialize, to varying extents, on a particular subset of the available host community. These host associations are driving factors in transmission dynamics of mosquito-vectored pathogens. For this reason, characterizing the host associations of mosquito species is critical for understanding the epidemiology of mosquito-vectored pathogens. Diverse methods have been used to associate mosquito species with their hosts. These typically include collecting mosquitoes that bite a restrained host (bait) or collecting wild blood-engorged mosquitoes and matching their blood meal to reference samples (blood meal analysis). Blood meal analysis refers to a collection of molecular techniques for determining the taxonomic identity of the source of a mosquito blood meal using cytological, serological, or DNA-based characteristics of the blood meal. Blood meal analyses that are based on DNA markers have advantages over cytological and serological methods and are effective for determining species-level identities of hosts from a broad range of potential host taxa. Here, we discuss effective techniques for analyzing blood meals.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1559-6095
ISSN (online)	1559-6095
DOI	10.1101/pdb.top107706
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Extracting DNA from Preserved Mosquito Blood Meals.

Reeves, Lawrence E / Burkett-Cadena, Nathan D

Cold Spring Harbor protocols

2023

Abstract: Mosquito species vary in their host associations. Although some species are relative generalists, most specialize, to varying extents, on particular types of host animals. Mosquito host associations are among the most important factors that influence the ...

Abstract	Mosquito species vary in their host associations. Although some species are relative generalists, most specialize, to varying extents, on particular types of host animals. Mosquito host associations are among the most important factors that influence the transmission dynamics of mosquito-vectored pathogens, and understanding these associations can provide insight on how such pathogens move within ecosystems. Characterization of the host associations of mosquito species requires applying blood meal analysis to the largest possible sample size of mosquito blood meals. Processing large samples of mosquito blood meals can be time-consuming, especially when chain-termination sequencing is used, necessitating individual processing of each specimen. Various methods and commercially available kits and products are available for extracting DNA from mosquito blood meals. The hot sodium hydroxide and Tris (HotSHOT) method is a rapid and inexpensive method of DNA extraction that is compatible with the recovery of DNA from mosquito blood meals preserved on QIAcard Flinders Technology Associates (FTA) Classic Cards (FTA cards). FTA cards allow nucleic acids found in blood meals to be preserved easily, even in field conditions. DNA prepared using this method is suitable for polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based blood meal analysis.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1559-6095
ISSN (online)	1559-6095
DOI	10.1101/pdb.prot108291
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Preservation of Field-Collected Mosquito Blood Meals.

Reeves, Lawrence E / Burkett-Cadena, Nathan D

Cold Spring Harbor protocols

2023

Abstract: All PCR- and DNA-based blood meal analyses require host DNA from a mosquito blood meal to be effectively preserved between the time when the specimen is collected and the extraction of DNA. As soon as a mosquito ingests blood from a host animal, ... ...

Abstract	All PCR- and DNA-based blood meal analyses require host DNA from a mosquito blood meal to be effectively preserved between the time when the specimen is collected and the extraction of DNA. As soon as a mosquito ingests blood from a host animal, digestion of host cells and cellular components within the blood meal by enzymes in the mosquito midgut begins to degrade the host DNA templates that are the targets of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. Without effective preservation, host DNA is typically undetectable by PCR 48 h after feeding, because of digestion. Preservation methods for mosquito blood meals vary in their efficacy, and the logistics of fieldwork can limit the options for preservation of blood meals and maintenance of the integrity of host DNA. This protocol describes a method of blood meal preservation that is effective, convenient, and amenable to fieldwork in remote locations where cryopreservation at -20°C or -80°C may not be feasible. It uses a Flinders Technology Associates (FTA) card, which is a chemically treated card that lyses cells and allows nucleic acids to be preserved. This method is also expected to preserve the DNA or RNA of pathogens present within the engorged mosquito abdomen, including RNA viruses.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1559-6095
ISSN (online)	1559-6095
DOI	10.1101/pdb.prot108290
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Aedes Tortilis, Culex Declarator, and Culex Tarsalis: New County Records for Mosquito Species in Collier County, Florida.

Heinig, Rebecca / Reeves, Lawrence E / Lucas, Keira J

Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association

2023 Volume 39, Issue 3, Page(s) 149–156

Abstract: Understanding the distribution of mosquito species is an important element of surveillance. This is especially true in Florida, where detections of nonnative mosquitoes have been increasing. Collier Mosquito Control District performs routine adult ... ...

Abstract	Understanding the distribution of mosquito species is an important element of surveillance. This is especially true in Florida, where detections of nonnative mosquitoes have been increasing. Collier Mosquito Control District performs routine adult mosquito surveillance for operational purposes throughout the year. Here, we report records for 3 species collected in 2021 that had not been documented previously in Collier County, FL: Aedes tortilis, Culex declarator, and Cx. tarsalis. Specimens were initially identified based on morphology, then each species was confirmed by comparing the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene sequences to those of other related mosquito species. Although Ae. tortilis and Cx. declarator were collected at multiple sites, Cx. tarsalis was collected only once, making it unclear whether this species has established a permanent population within the county.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	632618-3
ISSN	1943-6270 ; 8756-971X
ISSN (online)	1943-6270
ISSN	8756-971X
DOI	10.2987/23-7129
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Amplification and Identification of Vertebrate Host Cytochrome

Reeves, Lawrence E / Burkett-Cadena, Nathan D

Cold Spring Harbor protocols

2023

Abstract: Mosquitoes take blood meals from a diverse range of host animals and their host associations vary by species. Characterizing these associations is an important element of the transmission dynamics of mosquito-vectored pathogens. To characterize mosquito ... ...

Abstract	Mosquitoes take blood meals from a diverse range of host animals and their host associations vary by species. Characterizing these associations is an important element of the transmission dynamics of mosquito-vectored pathogens. To characterize mosquito host associations, various molecular techniques have been developed, which are collectively referred to as blood meal analysis. DNA barcoding has diverse biological applications and is well-suited to mosquito blood meal analysis. The standard DNA barcoding marker for animals is a 5' fragment of the cytochrome
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1559-6095
ISSN (online)	1559-6095
DOI	10.1101/pdb.prot108292
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Pollinator biological traits and ecological interactions mediate the impacts of mosquito-targeting malathion application.

Kim, Dongmin / Burkett-Cadena, Nathan D / Reeves, Lawrence E

Scientific reports

2022 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 17039

Abstract: Mosquito adulticides are perceived by the public as detrimental to nontarget arthropods, contributing to declines of native and beneficial insects. However, the actual impact of adulticides on nontarget arthropods in nature needs to incorporate ... ...

Abstract	Mosquito adulticides are perceived by the public as detrimental to nontarget arthropods, contributing to declines of native and beneficial insects. However, the actual impact of adulticides on nontarget arthropods in nature needs to incorporate biological and ecological elements. Here, we investigated the effect of biological/behavioral traits (butterfly roosting at different heights, roosting in sites underneath foliage, bumblebee hive usage) and interactions (parasitism, predation) of pollinators (butterflies and bumblebees) that could mediate the impacts of malathion application in manipulative semi-field experiments in Florida, USA. Roosting height from the spray route had a significant negative relationship with mortality of butterflies treated with ULV malathion, with high survival at the highest roosting height (7 m), but butterflies roosting among vegetation did not have higher survival. Bumblebees with hive access had significantly higher survival than bumblebees without hive access. Host plants treated with ULV malathion significantly reduced parasitism of monarch eggs by Trichogramma platneri, but increased predation of monarch caterpillars by Polistes paper wasps. These data provide insight into the realistic impacts of adulticide applications on pollinators in nature which will enable mosquito control districts to better limit nontarget effects of adulticide treatments and may help to address concerns related to potential nontarget effects.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Bees ; Butterflies ; Insecta ; Insecticides/pharmacology ; Malathion/pharmacology ; Mosquito Control ; Wasps
Chemical Substances	Insecticides ; Malathion (U5N7SU872W)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-022-20823-2
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Key to the Adult Females of Species of Culex Subgenus Melanoconion in Florida, USA.

Burkett-Cadena, Nathan D / Blosser, Erik M / Reeves, Lawrence E

Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association

2022 Volume 38, Issue 3, Page(s) 130–140

Abstract: The subgenus Melanoconion of Culex is a diverse and taxonomically challenging group of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) endemic to the American tropics, with a few species occurring in temperate regions. With the introduction and establishment of Culex ( ... ...

Abstract	The subgenus Melanoconion of Culex is a diverse and taxonomically challenging group of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) endemic to the American tropics, with a few species occurring in temperate regions. With the introduction and establishment of Culex (Melanoconion) panocossa in southern Florida, the existing taxonomic resources for identifying species of Melanoconion in Florida need updating. Here we provide an up-to-date photographic key for identifying females of Culex (Melanoconion) spp. known to occur in Florida, USA, and summarize relevant literature on the biology of each species. Given the challenge of identifying members of subgenus Melanoconion, updated resources for identifying females of this medically important group are warranted. The keys, photographs, and summarized biological information in this report should facilitate research, surveillance, and decisions regarding control.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Culex ; Female ; Florida/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	632618-3
ISSN	1943-6270 ; 8756-971X
ISSN (online)	1943-6270
ISSN	8756-971X
DOI	10.2987/22-7081
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Culex erraticus (Diptera: Culicidae) utilizes gopher tortoise burrows for overwintering in North Central Florida.

McNamara, Timothy D / Mosore, Mba-Tihssommah / Urlaub, Alexander / Lashley, Marcus A / Burkett-Cadena, Nathan D / Reeves, Lawrence E / Martin, Estelle M

Journal of medical entomology

2024 Volume 61, Issue 2, Page(s) 454–464

Abstract: Mosquito-borne diseases represent a significant threat to human and animal health in the United States. Several viruses, including West Nile, Saint Louis encephalitis, and Eastern equine encephalitis are endemic. In humans, the disease is typically ... ...

Abstract	Mosquito-borne diseases represent a significant threat to human and animal health in the United States. Several viruses, including West Nile, Saint Louis encephalitis, and Eastern equine encephalitis are endemic. In humans, the disease is typically detected during the summer months, but not during the winter months. The ability of these viruses to reemerge year after year is still not fully understood, but typically involves persistence in a reservoir host or vector during periods of low transmission. Mosquito species are known to overwinter at different life stages (adults, larvae, or eggs) in manufactured or natural sites. Gopher tortoise burrows are known to serve as refuge for many vertebrate and invertebrate species in pine savannas. In this study, we surveyed the interior of gopher tortoise burrows for overwintering mosquitoes. We identified 4 species (Anopheles crucians s.l., Culex erraticus, Mansonia dyari, and Uranotaenia sapphirina). Cx. erraticus was the most abundant, and its presence and abundance increased in winter months, implying that this species utilized gopher tortoise burrows for overwintering. Bloodfed Cx. erraticus and An. crucians s.l. females were detected. While An. crucians s.l. fed exclusively on the white-tailed deer, Cx. erraticus had a more diverse host range but fed primarily on the gopher tortoise. Tortoises and other long-lived reptiles like the American alligator have been shown to sustain high viremia following West Nile virus (WNV) and Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) infection and therefore could play a role in the maintenance of these viruses. In addition, Cx. erraticus is naturally infected with WNV and is a known bridge vector for EEEV. As such, these overwintering sites may play a role in perpetuating over-winter arboviral activity in Florida.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Animals ; Humans ; Horses ; Culicidae ; Culex ; Turtles ; Gophers ; Florida ; Mosquito Vectors ; Deer ; Anopheles ; West Nile virus
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	410635-0
ISSN	1938-2928 ; 0022-2585
ISSN (online)	1938-2928
ISSN	0022-2585
DOI	10.1093/jme/tjad174
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Zs.A 303: Show issues

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