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  1. Book ; Online: Bougainville before the conflict

    M Griffin, Helga / J Regan, Anthony

    2015  

    Abstract: One of the most beautiful island groups of the Pacific, Bougainville has a remarkable history. Tragically, it is as the site of devastating civil conflict that Bougainville is perhaps best known. In exploring the rich environmental, cultural and social ... ...

    Abstract One of the most beautiful island groups of the Pacific, Bougainville has a remarkable history. Tragically, it is as the site of devastating civil conflict that Bougainville is perhaps best known. In exploring the rich environmental, cultural and social heritage of Bougainville before the conflict, this collection provides an insight into the long-term causes of the crisis. In doing so, it surveys such topics as Bougainville's prehistory and traditional cultures, the impact of German and Australian colonialism, the attempts by disparate local cultures to find a common identity, the assertion of political autonomy in the face of coercion to integrate with Papua New Guinea, and contemporary efforts to resolve conflict and plan a viable future. A landmark collaboration between expert commentators on Bougainville and Bougainvilleans themselves, this volume provides a comprehensive picture for those seeking to understand Bougainville's history and future directions. Bougainville before the conflict was published in association with the State, Society and Governance in Melanesia Project, which is supported by The Australian National University and the Commonwealth of Australia
    Keywords Political institutions and public administration (General) ; History (General)
    Size 1 electronic resource ( p.)
    Publisher ANU Press
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note English ; Open Access
    HBZ-ID HT020091512
    ISBN 9781921934230 ; 1921934239
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  2. Article ; Online: Imaging features of branchial cleft cyst

    Reddy Ravikanth / Denver Steven Pinto / Regan Anthony Fernandes

    Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine, Vol 4, Iss 1, Pp 71-

    2018  Volume 72

    Keywords Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: The Role of Cytokines including Interleukin-6 in COVID-19 induced Pneumonia and Macrophage Activation Syndrome-Like Disease.

    McGonagle, Dennis / Sharif, Kassem / O'Regan, Anthony / Bridgewood, Charlie

    Autoimmunity reviews

    2020  Volume 19, Issue 6, Page(s) 102537

    Abstract: Severe COVID-19 associated pneumonia patients may exhibit features of systemic hyper-inflammation designated under the umbrella term of macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) or cytokine storm, also known as secondary haemophagocytic lymphohistocytosis ( ... ...

    Abstract Severe COVID-19 associated pneumonia patients may exhibit features of systemic hyper-inflammation designated under the umbrella term of macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) or cytokine storm, also known as secondary haemophagocytic lymphohistocytosis (sHLH). This is distinct from HLH associated with immunodeficiency states termed primary HLH -with radically different therapy strategies in both situations. COVID-19 infection with MAS typically occurs in subjects with adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and historically, non-survival in ARDS was linked to sustained IL-6 and IL-1 elevation. We provide a model for the classification of MAS to stratify the MAS-like presentation in COVID-19 pneumonia and explore the complexities of discerning ARDS from MAS. We discuss the potential impact of timing of anti-cytokine therapy on viral clearance and the impact of such therapy on intra-pulmonary macrophage activation and emergent pulmonary vascular disease.
    MeSH term(s) Betacoronavirus/immunology ; Betacoronavirus/pathogenicity ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/complications ; Coronavirus Infections/immunology ; Coronavirus Infections/pathology ; Humans ; Interleukin-1/immunology ; Interleukin-6/immunology ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/complications ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/immunology ; Macrophage Activation Syndrome/complications ; Macrophage Activation Syndrome/immunology ; Macrophage Activation Syndrome/pathology ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral/complications ; Pneumonia, Viral/immunology ; Pneumonia, Viral/pathology ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome/complications ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome/immunology ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome/pathology ; SARS-CoV-2
    Chemical Substances Interleukin-1 ; Interleukin-6
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-03
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2144145-5
    ISSN 1873-0183 ; 1568-9972
    ISSN (online) 1873-0183
    ISSN 1568-9972
    DOI 10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102537
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Re: Patiently waiting for the results of anti-IL 6 therapy in severe COVID-19 infection.

    McGonagle, Dennis / Sharif, Kassem / O'Regan, Anthony / Bridgewood, Charlie

    Autoimmunity reviews

    2020  Volume 19, Issue 7, Page(s) 102560

    MeSH term(s) Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; SARS-CoV-2
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-01
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2144145-5
    ISSN 1873-0183 ; 1568-9972
    ISSN (online) 1873-0183
    ISSN 1568-9972
    DOI 10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102560
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Unusual case of preoperative hypoxaemia.

    Ridge, Padraic C / Cullivan, Sarah / Campbell, Christina D / O'Regan, Anthony / Rutherford, Robert M

    Thorax

    2020  Volume 75, Issue 3, Page(s) 290–291

    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Echocardiography, Doppler, Color ; Female ; Foramen Ovale, Patent/complications ; Foramen Ovale, Patent/diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Hypoxia/etiology ; Hypoxia/therapy ; Osteoporotic Fractures/surgery ; Oxygen/administration & dosage ; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy ; Preoperative Period
    Chemical Substances Oxygen (S88TT14065)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 204353-1
    ISSN 1468-3296 ; 0040-6376
    ISSN (online) 1468-3296
    ISSN 0040-6376
    DOI 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2019-213473
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: The Role of Cytokines including Interleukin-6 in COVID-19 induced Pneumonia and Macrophage Activation Syndrome-Like Disease

    McGonagle, Dennis / Sharif, Kassem / O'Regan, Anthony / Bridgewood, Charlie

    Autoimmunity Reviews

    2020  Volume 19, Issue 6, Page(s) 102537

    Keywords Immunology ; Immunology and Allergy ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Elsevier BV
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2144145-5
    ISSN 1568-9972
    ISSN 1568-9972
    DOI 10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102537
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Re

    McGonagle, Dennis / Sharif, Kassem / O'Regan, Anthony / Bridgewood, Charlie

    Autoimmunity Reviews

    Patiently waiting for the results of anti-IL 6 therapy in severe COVID-19 infection

    2020  Volume 19, Issue 7, Page(s) 102560

    Keywords Immunology ; Immunology and Allergy ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Elsevier BV
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2144145-5
    ISSN 1568-9972
    ISSN 1568-9972
    DOI 10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102560
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: When your immune system falls out with your heart: an important lesson on antisynthetase myocarditis.

    Gorecka, Miroslawa Maria / Tummon, Olga / Smyth, Yvonne / O'Regan, Anthony

    BMJ case reports

    2018  Volume 2018

    Abstract: A 57-year-old special Olympics athlete presented with subacute onset dyspnoea. Baseline investigations revealed troponin T rise and an abnormal ECG, which prompted coronary angiography. This was unremarkable, as was his transthoracic echocardiography ( ... ...

    Abstract A 57-year-old special Olympics athlete presented with subacute onset dyspnoea. Baseline investigations revealed troponin T rise and an abnormal ECG, which prompted coronary angiography. This was unremarkable, as was his transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). He re-presented 7 months later with progressive dyspnoea associated with significant weight loss, peripheral oedema and intermittent fevers. Examination revealed bilateral fine end-inspiratory crackles, peripheral oedema and fever. Investigations revealed elevated troponin T and raised inflammatory markers. ECG remained unchanged, whereas TTE revealed mild global impairment of left ventricular function. Chest radiography was suggestive of extensive interstitial lung disease, which was confirmed by high resolution CT. Presence of interstitial lung disease and myocarditis raised the suspicion of a systemic inflammatory condition. Subsequently, an autoimmune screen was positive for anti-Jo-1 antibody associated with antisynthetase syndrome. He was treated with high-dose steroids and rituximab with dramatic symptomatic improvement and immediate fall in troponin T level.
    MeSH term(s) Athletes ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Dyspnea/etiology ; Echocardiography, Transesophageal ; Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Immunologic Factors/administration & dosage ; Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/blood ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/complications ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/diagnosis ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial/drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocarditis/blood ; Myocarditis/complications ; Myocarditis/diagnosis ; Myocarditis/drug therapy ; Myositis/blood ; Myositis/complications ; Myositis/diagnosis ; Myositis/drug therapy ; Prednisone/administration & dosage ; Prednisone/therapeutic use ; Rituximab/administration & dosage ; Rituximab/therapeutic use ; Troponin T/blood
    Chemical Substances Immunologic Factors ; Troponin T ; Rituximab (4F4X42SYQ6) ; Prednisone (VB0R961HZT)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-08-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ISSN 1757-790X
    ISSN (online) 1757-790X
    DOI 10.1136/bcr-2018-226019
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Symptoms to script: delays in tuberculosis treatment in the west of Ireland.

    Grant, Conor / McHugh, Jack / Ryan, Ciara / Scarry, Margaret / O'Regan, Anthony / Tuite, Helen / Fleming, Catherine

    Irish journal of medical science

    2021  Volume 191, Issue 1, Page(s) 295–300

    Abstract: Background: The first pillar of the End-TB Strategy is "early diagnosis and prompt treatment". Nevertheless, long delays in starting tuberculosis (TB) treatment are reported. We aimed to describe the demographics and clinical features of TB in the west ... ...

    Abstract Background: The first pillar of the End-TB Strategy is "early diagnosis and prompt treatment". Nevertheless, long delays in starting tuberculosis (TB) treatment are reported. We aimed to describe the demographics and clinical features of TB in the west of Ireland and better understand the delays in treatment.
    Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of all patients diagnosed with active TB who attended the Galway University Hospital (GUH) TB clinic from 2014 to 2018.
    Results: Eighty-five patients were diagnosed with TB and attended our clinic. Ten (12%) patients were receiving immunosuppressive therapy, 8 (9%) had drug resistance, and 41 (48%) had extra-pulmonary disease. Patients with extra-pulmonary disease had a longer length of stay before treatment (11 vs. 4 days; p = 0.006). Patients older than 55 had a longer length of stay before (16 vs. 5 days, p = 0.0001) and during (36 vs. 11 days, p = 0.004) treatment and were readmitted more frequently than younger patients. A total of 36% of patients were born outside Ireland. Non-Irish patients were younger (mean age 35 vs 48; p = 0.004) and more frequently had drug resistance (19% vs. 4%, p = 0.02). The median time from symptom onset to hospital presentation was 76 days (IQR 35-146 days) and the median time from first hospital presentation to TB treatment was 11 days (IQR 5-51 days).
    Conclusion: TB patients experienced long symptom durations in the community prior to presentation. Many TB patients experienced delays in diagnosis and treatment following presentation. Both pre-hospital and in-hospital delays need to be addressed in order to 'End-TB'.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Delayed Diagnosis ; Humans ; Ireland/epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Tuberculosis/diagnosis ; Tuberculosis/drug therapy ; Tuberculosis/epidemiology ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/diagnosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/drug therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-16
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 390895-1
    ISSN 1863-4362 ; 0021-1265
    ISSN (online) 1863-4362
    ISSN 0021-1265
    DOI 10.1007/s11845-021-02541-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Therapeutic implications of ongoing alveolar viral replication in COVID-19.

    McGonagle, Dennis / Kearney, Mary F / O'Regan, Anthony / O'Donnell, James S / Quartuccio, Luca / Watad, Abdulla / Bridgewood, Charles

    The Lancet. Rheumatology

    2021  Volume 4, Issue 2, Page(s) e135–e144

    Abstract: In patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 pneumonia, an aberrant post-viral alveolitis with excessive inflammatory responses and immunothrombosis underpins use of immunomodulatory therapy (eg, corticosteroids and interleukin-6 receptor antagonism). By ...

    Abstract In patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 pneumonia, an aberrant post-viral alveolitis with excessive inflammatory responses and immunothrombosis underpins use of immunomodulatory therapy (eg, corticosteroids and interleukin-6 receptor antagonism). By contrast, immunosuppression in individuals with mild COVID-19 who do not require oxygen therapy or in those with critical disease undergoing prolonged ventilation is of no proven benefit. Furthermore, a window of opportunity is thought to exist for timely immunosuppression in patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 pneumonia shortly after clinical presentation. In this Viewpoint, we explore the shortcomings of a universal immunosuppression approach in patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 due to disease heterogeneity related to ongoing SARS-CoV-2 replication, which can manifest as RNAaemia in some patients treated with immunotherapy. By contrast, immunomodulatory therapy has overall benefits in patients with rapid SARS-CoV-2 clearance, via blunting of multifaceted, excessive innate immune responses in the lungs, potentially uncontrolled T-cell responses, possible autoimmune responses, and immunothrombosis. We highlight this therapeutic dichotomy to better understand the immunopathology of moderate-to-severe COVID-19, particularly the role of RNAaemia, and to refine therapy choices.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 2665-9913
    ISSN (online) 2665-9913
    DOI 10.1016/S2665-9913(21)00322-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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