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  1. Article ; Online: The 50th anniversary of the European Society for Muscle Research: a journey through half a century of scientific advances.

    Stienen, Ger / Reggiani, Carlo

    Journal of muscle research and cell motility

    2024  

    Abstract: The European Society for Muscle Research (ESMR) started in 1971 as "European Muscle Club" in a joint initiative of Marcus Schaub, Eduard Jenny and Rudolf Billeter (Zurich), Caspar Rüegg (Heidelberg), Jean Légér (Montpellier), Bernard Swynghedauw (Paris), ...

    Abstract The European Society for Muscle Research (ESMR) started in 1971 as "European Muscle Club" in a joint initiative of Marcus Schaub, Eduard Jenny and Rudolf Billeter (Zurich), Caspar Rüegg (Heidelberg), Jean Légér (Montpellier), Bernard Swynghedauw (Paris), George Maréchal (Brussels), Gabriel Hamoir (Liège), and Endre Biró (Budapest). Since 1972, local organizers took care of muscle conferences held yearly in different European countries and in Israel in 1987. One of the goals was to establish contacts and collaborations between scientists on both sides of the Iron Curtain. Starting as an informal club, enthusiastically guided by Marcus Schaub as secretary (1971-1995) and later by Ger Stienen (1996-2005), Anders Arner (2006-2017) and Wolfgang Linke (2018-), the ESMR meetings steered international collaborations. The meetings witnessed the remarkable advancement of the insight in skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle structure and function. In the five decades, the thin and thick filament structure has been resolved to the atomic level, the mechanism of acto-myosin energy transduction and force generation as well as its regulation have been elucidated. The molecular basis of striated and smooth muscle diversity has been found in the existence of multiple protein isoforms. The transcriptional, translational and post-translational regulations which give rise to adaptive responses of muscle tissue have been revealed. Many new players entered the field, such as titin, the ryanodine receptor and several signalling factors. Substantial progress has also been made in the identification of the pathogenesis of many hereditary muscle diseases such as Duchenne MuscularDystrophy and Hypertrophic Cardiac Myopathies.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-14
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 283053-x
    ISSN 1573-2657 ; 0142-4319
    ISSN (online) 1573-2657
    ISSN 0142-4319
    DOI 10.1007/s10974-024-09666-8
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  2. Article ; Online: Comment on "Fiber-type traps: revisiting common misconceptions about skeletal muscle fiber types with application to motor control, biomechanics, physiology, and biology".

    Reggiani, Carlo / Murgia, Marta

    Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)

    2024  Volume 136, Issue 2, Page(s) 437–438

    MeSH term(s) Biomechanical Phenomena ; Biology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 219139-8
    ISSN 1522-1601 ; 0021-8987 ; 0161-7567 ; 8750-7587
    ISSN (online) 1522-1601
    ISSN 0021-8987 ; 0161-7567 ; 8750-7587
    DOI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00008.2024
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  3. Article ; Online: Caffeine as a tool to investigate sarcoplasmic reticulum and intracellular calcium dynamics in human skeletal muscles.

    Reggiani, Carlo

    Journal of muscle research and cell motility

    2020  Volume 42, Issue 2, Page(s) 281–289

    Abstract: Caffeine is worldwide used for its power to increase cognitive and physical performance. The ergogenic effects of caffeine, however, do not depend on a direct action on muscles. Actually, the actions of caffeine on skeletal muscles, take place at ... ...

    Abstract Caffeine is worldwide used for its power to increase cognitive and physical performance. The ergogenic effects of caffeine, however, do not depend on a direct action on muscles. Actually, the actions of caffeine on skeletal muscles, take place at millimolar concentrations which are far above the micromolar level reached after a regular consumption of coffee or similar drinks, and close to a lethal concentration. At millimolar concentrations caffeine exerts a powerful effect on sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) activating the release of calcium via ryanodine receptors and, possibly, inhibiting calcium reuptake. For this reason caffeine has become a valuable tool for studying SR function and for diagnostics of SR related muscle disorders. This review aims to briefly describe the effects and the mechanism of action of caffeine on sarcoplasmic reticulum and to focus on its use to study intracellular calcium dynamics in human muscle fibers in physiological and pathological conditions.
    MeSH term(s) Caffeine/pharmacology ; Calcium/metabolism ; Humans ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/metabolism ; Ryanodine ; Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel ; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel ; Ryanodine (15662-33-6) ; Caffeine (3G6A5W338E) ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-07
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 283053-x
    ISSN 1573-2657 ; 0142-4319
    ISSN (online) 1573-2657
    ISSN 0142-4319
    DOI 10.1007/s10974-020-09574-7
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  4. Article ; Online: A controversial issue: Can mitochondria modulate cytosolic calcium and contraction of skeletal muscle fibers?

    Reggiani, Carlo / Marcucci, Lorenzo

    The Journal of general physiology

    2022  Volume 154, Issue 9

    Abstract: Mitochondria are characterized by a high capacity to accumulate calcium thanks to the electrochemical gradient created by the extrusion of protons in the respiratory chain. Thereby calcium can enter crossing the inner mitochondrial membrane via MCU ... ...

    Abstract Mitochondria are characterized by a high capacity to accumulate calcium thanks to the electrochemical gradient created by the extrusion of protons in the respiratory chain. Thereby calcium can enter crossing the inner mitochondrial membrane via MCU complex, a high-capacity, low-affinity transport mechanism. Calcium uptake serves numerous purposes, among them the regulation of three dehydrogenases of the citric cycle, apoptosis via permeability transition, and, in some cell types, modulation of cytosolic calcium transients. This Review is focused on mitochondrial calcium uptake in skeletal muscle fibers and aims to reanalyze its functional impact. In particular, we ask whether mitochondrial calcium uptake is relevant for the control of cytosolic calcium transients and therefore of contractile performance. Recent data suggest that this may be the case, at least in particular conditions, as modified expression of MCU complex subunits or of proteins involved in mitochondrial dynamics and ablation of the main cytosolic calcium buffer, parvalbumin.
    MeSH term(s) Calcium/metabolism ; Calcium Channels/metabolism ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/metabolism ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Calcium Channels ; Calcium (SY7Q814VUP)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 3118-5
    ISSN 1540-7748 ; 0022-1295
    ISSN (online) 1540-7748
    ISSN 0022-1295
    DOI 10.1085/jgp.202213167
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  5. Article ; Online: Correction: A controversial issue: Can mitochondria modulate cytosolic calcium and contraction of skeletal muscle fibers?

    Reggiani, Carlo / Marcucci, Lorenzo

    The Journal of general physiology

    2022  Volume 154, Issue 10

    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Published Erratum
    ZDB-ID 3118-5
    ISSN 1540-7748 ; 0022-1295
    ISSN (online) 1540-7748
    ISSN 0022-1295
    DOI 10.1085/jgp.20221316709092022c
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  6. Article ; Online: Cytosolic Ca

    Marcucci, Lorenzo / Michelucci, Antonio / Reggiani, Carlo

    Biophysical reports

    2023  Volume 3, Issue 3, Page(s) 100117

    Abstract: Calcium ions ( ... ...

    Abstract Calcium ions (Ca
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2667-0747
    ISSN (online) 2667-0747
    DOI 10.1016/j.bpr.2023.100117
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  7. Article ; Online: The role of the extracellular matrix in the reduction of lateral force transmission in muscle bundles: A finite element analysis.

    Spadoni, Silvia / Todros, Silvia / Reggiani, Carlo / Marcucci, Lorenzo / Pavan, Piero G

    Computers in biology and medicine

    2024  Volume 175, Page(s) 108488

    Abstract: Background and objective: Aging is associated with a reduction in muscle performance, but muscle weakness is characterized by a much greater loss of force loss compared to mass loss. The aim of this work is to assess the contribution of the ... ...

    Abstract Background and objective: Aging is associated with a reduction in muscle performance, but muscle weakness is characterized by a much greater loss of force loss compared to mass loss. The aim of this work is to assess the contribution of the extracellular matrix (ECM) to the lateral transmission of force in humans and the loss of transmitted force due to age-related modifications.
    Methods: Finite element models of muscle bundles are developed for young and elderly human subjects, by considering a few fibers connected through an ECM layer. Bundles of young and elderly subjects are assumed to differ in terms of ECM thickness, as observed experimentally. A three-element-based Hill model is adopted to describe the active behavior of muscle fibers, while the ECM is modeled assuming an isotropic hyperelastic neo-Hookean constitutive formulation. Numerical analyses are carried out by mimicking, at the scale of a bundle, two experimental protocols from the literature.
    Results: When comparing numerical results obtained for bundles of young and elderly subjects, a greater reduction in the total transmitted force is observed in the latter. The loss of transmitted force is 22 % for the elderly subjects, while it is limited to 7.5 % for the young subjects. The result for the elderly subjects is in line with literature studies on animal models, showing a reduction in the range of 20-34 %. This can be explained by an alteration in the mechanism of lateral force transmission due to the lower shear stiffness of the ECM in elderly subjects, related to its higher thickness.
    Conclusions: Computational modeling allows to evaluate at the bundle level how the age-related increase of the ECM amount between fibers affects the lateral transmission of force. The results suggest that the observed increase in ECM thickness in aging alone can explain the reduction of the total transmitted force, due to the impaired lateral transmission of force of each fiber.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 127557-4
    ISSN 1879-0534 ; 0010-4825
    ISSN (online) 1879-0534
    ISSN 0010-4825
    DOI 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108488
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  8. Article ; Online: MYH13, a superfast myosin expressed in extraocular, laryngeal and syringeal muscles.

    Schiaffino, Stefano / Hughes, Simon M / Murgia, Marta / Reggiani, Carlo

    The Journal of physiology

    2023  Volume 602, Issue 3, Page(s) 427–443

    Abstract: MYH13 is a unique type of sarcomeric myosin heavy chain (MYH) first detected in mammalian extraocular (EO) muscles and later also in vocal muscles, including laryngeal muscles of some mammals and syringeal muscles of songbirds. All these muscles are ... ...

    Abstract MYH13 is a unique type of sarcomeric myosin heavy chain (MYH) first detected in mammalian extraocular (EO) muscles and later also in vocal muscles, including laryngeal muscles of some mammals and syringeal muscles of songbirds. All these muscles are specialized in generating very fast contractions while producing relatively low force, a design appropriate for muscles acting against a much lower load than most skeletal muscles inserting into the skeleton. The definition of the physiological properties of muscle fibres containing MYH13 has been complicated by the mixed fibre type composition of EO muscles and the coexistence of different MYH types within the same fibre. A major advance in this area came from studies on isolated recombinant myosin motors and the demonstration that the affinity of actin-bound human MYH13 for ADP is much weaker than those of fast-type MYH1 (type 2X) and MYH2 (type 2A). This property is consistent with a very fast detachment of myosin from actin, a major determinant of shortening velocity. The MYH13 gene arose early during vertebrate evolution but was characterized only in mammals and birds and appears to have been lost in some teleost fish. The MYH13 gene is located at the 3' end of the mammalian fast/developmental gene cluster and in a similar position to the orthologous cluster in syntenic regions of the songbird genome. MYH13 gene regulation is controlled by a super-enhancer in the mammalian locus and deletion of the neighbouring fast MYH1 and MYH4 genes leads to abnormal MYH13 expression in mouse leg muscles.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Mice ; Actins/metabolism ; Mammals/metabolism ; Myosin Heavy Chains/genetics ; Myosin Heavy Chains/metabolism ; Myosins/metabolism ; Oculomotor Muscles/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Actins ; Myosin Heavy Chains (EC 3.6.4.1) ; Myosins (EC 3.6.4.1) ; MYH13 protein, human
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-31
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3115-x
    ISSN 1469-7793 ; 0022-3751
    ISSN (online) 1469-7793
    ISSN 0022-3751
    DOI 10.1113/JP285714
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  9. Article ; Online: Beyond the current knowledge on sarcopenia: new insight on neuromuscular factors.

    Venturelli, Massimo / Reggiani, Carlo / Schena, Federico

    Aging clinical and experimental research

    2022  Volume 34, Issue 5, Page(s) 1183–1185

    MeSH term(s) Aging ; Humans ; Muscle, Skeletal/pathology ; Sarcopenia/diagnosis ; Sarcopenia/pathology ; Sarcopenia/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-14
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2104785-6
    ISSN 1720-8319 ; 1594-0667
    ISSN (online) 1720-8319
    ISSN 1594-0667
    DOI 10.1007/s40520-022-02082-3
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    Zs.A 3343: Show issues Location:
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  10. Article ; Online: Regulation of muscle mass: a new role for mitochondria?

    Reggiani, Carlo

    The Journal of physiology

    2015  Volume 593, Issue 8, Page(s) 1761–1762

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Hindlimb Suspension/physiology ; Male ; Mitochondrial Dynamics/physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; Muscular Atrophy/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Transcription Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-04-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Comment ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3115-x
    ISSN 1469-7793 ; 0022-3751
    ISSN (online) 1469-7793
    ISSN 0022-3751
    DOI 10.1113/JP270216
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