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  1. Article ; Online: Tropical forests and child health

    Richard S Ostfeld

    The Lancet Planetary Health, Vol 1, Iss 5, Pp e164-e

    2017  Volume 165

    Keywords Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Biodiversity loss and the ecology of infectious disease

    Richard S Ostfeld

    The Lancet Planetary Health, Vol 1, Iss 1, Pp e2-e

    2017  Volume 3

    Keywords Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article: The Tick Project: Testing Environmental Methods of Preventing Tick-borne Diseases

    Keesing, Felicia / Richard S. Ostfeld

    Trends in parasitology. 2018 June, v. 34, no. 6

    2018  

    Abstract: Prevention of tick-borne diseases in humans is challenging. To date, no prevention strategies have been shown to be consistently effective. Here, we describe the design of a new large-scale study, involving hundreds of households in Dutchess County, New ... ...

    Abstract Prevention of tick-borne diseases in humans is challenging. To date, no prevention strategies have been shown to be consistently effective. Here, we describe the design of a new large-scale study, involving hundreds of households in Dutchess County, New York, testing whether environmental interventions, applied intensively and over 4 years, can prevent human cases.
    Keywords households ; humans ; tick-borne diseases ; ticks ; New York
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-06
    Size p. 447-450.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2036227-4
    ISSN 1471-5007 ; 1471-4922
    ISSN (online) 1471-5007
    ISSN 1471-4922
    DOI 10.1016/j.pt.2018.02.008
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article ; Online: Population fluctuations and synanthropy explain transmission risk in rodent-borne zoonoses

    Frauke Ecke / Barbara A. Han / Birger Hörnfeldt / Hussein Khalil / Magnus Magnusson / Navinder J. Singh / Richard S. Ostfeld

    Nature Communications, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2022  Volume 10

    Abstract: Many rodent species are known as hosts of zoonotic pathogens, but the ecological conditions that trigger spillover are not well-understood. Here, the authors show that population fluctuations and association with human-dominated habitats explain the ... ...

    Abstract Many rodent species are known as hosts of zoonotic pathogens, but the ecological conditions that trigger spillover are not well-understood. Here, the authors show that population fluctuations and association with human-dominated habitats explain the zoonotic reservoir status of rodents globally.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: An Exploratory Study on the Microbiome of Northern and Southern Populations of Ixodes scapularis Ticks Predicts Changes and Unique Bacterial Interactions

    Deepak Kumar / Latoyia P. Downs / Abdulsalam Adegoke / Erika Machtinger / Kelly Oggenfuss / Richard S. Ostfeld / Monica Embers / Shahid Karim

    Pathogens, Vol 11, Iss 130, p

    2022  Volume 130

    Abstract: The black-legged tick ( Ixodes scapularis ) is the primary vector of Borrelia burgdorferi , the causative agent of Lyme disease in North America. However, the prevalence of Lyme borreliosis is clustered around the Northern States of the United States of ... ...

    Abstract The black-legged tick ( Ixodes scapularis ) is the primary vector of Borrelia burgdorferi , the causative agent of Lyme disease in North America. However, the prevalence of Lyme borreliosis is clustered around the Northern States of the United States of America. This study utilized a metagenomic sequencing approach to compare the microbial communities residing within Ix. scapularis populations from northern and southern geographic locations in the USA. Using a SparCC network construction model, we performed potential interactions between members of the microbial communities from Borrelia burgdorferi –infected tissues of unfed and blood-fed ticks. A significant difference in bacterial composition and diversity was found between northern and southern tick populations. The network analysis predicted a potential antagonistic interaction between endosymbiont Rickettsia buchneri and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. The network analysis, as expected, predicted significant positive and negative microbial interactions in ticks from these geographic regions, with the genus Rickettsia , Francisella , and Borreliella playing an essential role in the identified clusters. Interactions between Rickettsia buchneri and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato need more validation and understanding. Understanding the interplay between the microbiome and tick-borne pathogens within tick vectors may pave the way for new strategies to prevent tick-borne infections.
    Keywords Ixodes scapularis ; microbiome ; salivary glands ; midgut ; ovaries ; 16S rRNA sequencing ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: The tick biocontrol agent Metarhizium brunneum (= M. anisopliae) (strain F52) does not reduce non-target arthropods.

    Ilya R Fischhoff / Felicia Keesing / Richard S Ostfeld

    PLoS ONE, Vol 12, Iss 11, p e

    2017  Volume 0187675

    Abstract: Previous studies have found that Met52®, which contains the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium brunneum, is effective in reducing the abundance of Ixodes scapularis, the tick vector for the bacterium causing Lyme disease and for other tick-borne ... ...

    Abstract Previous studies have found that Met52®, which contains the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium brunneum, is effective in reducing the abundance of Ixodes scapularis, the tick vector for the bacterium causing Lyme disease and for other tick-borne pathogens. Given widespread interest in effective, safe methods for controlling ticks, Met52 has the potential to be used at increasing scales. The non-target impacts of Met52, as applied for tick control, have not yet been assessed. A Before-After-Control-Impact experiment was conducted to assess the effects of Met52 on non-target arthropods in lawn and forest habitats typical of residential yards. Ground-dwelling arthropods were collected using bulk sampling of soil and litter, and pitfall sampling. Arthropods were sampled once before and twice after treatment of plots with either Met52 or water (control). Multivariate general linear models were used to jointly model the abundance of arthropod orders. For each sampling method and post-spray sampling occasion, Akaike Information Criterion values were used to compare the fits of two alternative models: one that included effects of period (before vs. after spray), habitat (lawn vs. forest), and treatment (Met52 vs. control), versus a nested null model that included effects of period, and habitat, but no treatment effect. The null model was consistently better supported by the data. Significant effects were found of period and habitat but not treatment. Retrospective power analysis indicated the study had 80% power to detect a 50% reduction in arthropod abundance, as measured by bulk samples taken before versus one week after treatment. The deployment of Met52 in suburban settings is unlikely to cause meaningful reductions in the abundance of non-target arthropods.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 310
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Spatial variation in risk for tick-borne diseases in residential areas of Dutchess County, New York.

    Felicia Keesing / Emma Tilley / Stacy Mowry / Sahar Adish / William Bremer / Shannon Duerr / Andrew S Evans / Ilya R Fischhoff / Fiona Keating / Jennifer Pendleton / Ashley Pfister / Marissa Teator / Richard S Ostfeld

    PLoS ONE, Vol 18, Iss 11, p e

    2023  Volume 0293820

    Abstract: Although human exposure to the ticks that transmit Lyme-disease bacteria is widely considered to occur around people's homes, most studies of variation in tick abundance and infection are undertaken outside residential areas. Consequently, the patterns ... ...

    Abstract Although human exposure to the ticks that transmit Lyme-disease bacteria is widely considered to occur around people's homes, most studies of variation in tick abundance and infection are undertaken outside residential areas. Consequently, the patterns of variation in risk of human exposure to tick-borne infections in these human-dominated landscapes are poorly understood. Here, we report the results of four years of sampling for tick abundance, tick infection, tick encounters, and tick-borne disease reports on residential properties nested within six neighborhoods in Dutchess County, New York, USA, an area of high incidence for Lyme and other tick-borne diseases. All properties were within neighborhoods that had been randomly assigned as placebo controls in The Tick Project; hence, none were treated to reduce tick abundance during the period of investigation, providing a unique dataset of natural variation within and between neighborhoods. We estimated the abundance of host-seeking blacklegged ticks (Ixodes scapularis) in three types of habitats on residential properties-forests, lawns, and gardens. In forest and lawn habitats, some neighborhoods had consistently higher tick abundance. Properties within neighborhoods also varied consistently between years, suggesting hot spots and cold spots occurring at a small (~ 1-hectare) spatial scale. Across neighborhoods, the abundance of nymphal ticks was explained by neither the amount of forest in that neighborhood, nor by the degree of forest fragmentation. The proportion of ticks infected with three common tick-borne pathogens did not differ significantly between neighborhoods. We observed no effect of tick abundance on human encounters with ticks, nor on either human or pet cases of tick-borne diseases. However, the number of encounters between ticks and outdoor pets in a neighborhood was negatively correlated with the abundance of questing ticks in that neighborhood. Our results reinforce the need to understand how human behavior and neglected ecological factors ...
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 710
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article: Is biodiversity good for your health?

    Keesing, Felicia / Richard S. Ostfeld

    Science. 2015 July 17, v. 349, no. 6245

    2015  

    Abstract: On a floodplain of the River Saale near Jena, Germany, grassland plants are naturally bombarded by spores of pathogenic fungi. But whether or not those fungi cause infection turns out to be largely about the neighborhood: Plants on highly diverse ... ...

    Abstract On a floodplain of the River Saale near Jena, Germany, grassland plants are naturally bombarded by spores of pathogenic fungi. But whether or not those fungi cause infection turns out to be largely about the neighborhood: Plants on highly diverse experimental plots have much lower levels of infection than plants grown in monoculture (1) (see the photos). The pathogens, it appears, are less likely to encounter their optimal host on the more diverse plots, which reduces disease prevalence and incidence. This protective effect of diversity has been found in many studies, not just for plants but also for diseases afflicting humans and wildlife. It has remained unclear, however, whether this observation holds generally (2 , 3). In a recent paper, Civitello et al. addressed this question in a rigorous meta-analysis of diversity-disease relationships (4).
    Keywords biodiversity ; disease prevalence ; floodplains ; fungi ; grasslands ; humans ; meta-analysis ; pathogens ; protective effect ; rivers ; spores ; wildlife ; Germany
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2015-0717
    Size p. 235-236.
    Publishing place American Association for the Advancement of Science
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 128410-1
    ISSN 1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
    ISSN (online) 1095-9203
    ISSN 0036-8075
    DOI 10.1126/science.aac7892
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article ; Online: Effects of Tick-Control Interventions on Tick Abundance, Human Encounters with Ticks, and Incidence of Tickborne Diseases in Residential Neighborhoods, New York, USA

    Felicia Keesing / Stacy Mowry / William Bremer / Shannon Duerr / Andrew S. Evans / Ilya R. Fischhoff / Alison F. Hinckley / Sarah A. Hook / Fiona Keating / Jennifer Pendleton / Ashley Pfister / Marissa Teator / Richard S. Ostfeld

    Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol 28, Iss 5, Pp 957-

    2022  Volume 966

    Abstract: Tickborne diseases (TBDs) such as Lyme disease result in ≈500,000 diagnoses annually in the United States. Various methods can reduce the abundance of ticks at small spatial scales, but whether these methods lower incidence of TBDs is poorly understood. ... ...

    Abstract Tickborne diseases (TBDs) such as Lyme disease result in ≈500,000 diagnoses annually in the United States. Various methods can reduce the abundance of ticks at small spatial scales, but whether these methods lower incidence of TBDs is poorly understood. We conducted a randomized, replicated, fully crossed, placebo-controlled, masked experiment to test whether 2 environmentally safe interventions, the Tick Control System (TCS) and Met52 fungal spray, used separately or together, affected risk for and incidence of TBDs in humans and pets in 24 residential neighborhoods. All participating properties in a neighborhood received the same treatment. TCS was associated with fewer questing ticks and fewer ticks feeding on rodents. The interventions did not result in a significant difference in incidence of human TBDs but did significantly reduce incidence in pets. Our study is consistent with previous evidence suggesting that reducing tick abundance in residential areas might not reduce incidence of TBDs in humans.
    Keywords tickborne disease ; Lyme disease ; ticks ; Ixodes scapularis ; prevention ; vector-borne infections ; Medicine ; R ; Infectious and parasitic diseases ; RC109-216
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Tritrophic interactions between a fungal pathogen, a spider predator, and the blacklegged tick

    Ilya R. Fischhoff / James C. Burtis / Felicia Keesing / Richard S. Ostfeld

    Ecology and Evolution, Vol 8, Iss 16, Pp 7824-

    2018  Volume 7834

    Abstract: Abstract The blacklegged tick Ixodes scapularis is the primary vector for the bacterium causing Lyme disease in eastern North America and for other medically important pathogens. This species is vulnerable to attack by fungal pathogens and arthropod ... ...

    Abstract Abstract The blacklegged tick Ixodes scapularis is the primary vector for the bacterium causing Lyme disease in eastern North America and for other medically important pathogens. This species is vulnerable to attack by fungal pathogens and arthropod predators, but the impacts of interactions between biocontrol agents have not been examined. The biocontrol agent Met52®, containing the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium brunneum (=M. anisopliae), controls blacklegged ticks with efficacy comparable to chemical acaricides. The brush‐legged wolf spider Schizocosa ocreata is a predator of I. scapularis that reduces their survival under field conditions. We conducted a field microcosm experiment to assess the compatibility of Met52 and S. ocreata as tick biocontrol agents. We compared the fits of alternative models in predicting survival of unfed (flat) and blood‐fed (engorged) nymphs. We found the strongest support for a model that included negative effects of Met52 and S. ocreata on flat nymph survival. We found evidence for interference between biocontrol agents, with Met52 reducing spider survival, but we did not find a significant interaction effect between the two agents on nymph survival. For engorged nymphs, low recovery rates resulted in low statistical power to detect possible effects of biocontrol agents. We found that nymph questing activity was lower when the spider was active above the leaf litter than when the spider was unobserved. This provides the first evidence that predation cues might affect behavior important for tick fitness and pathogen transmission. This study presents field microcosm evidence that the biopesticide Met52 and spider Schizocosa ocreata each reduced survival of blacklegged ticks Ixodes scapularis. Met52 reduced spider survival. Potential interference between Met52 and the spider should be examined at larger scales, where overlap patterns may differ. Ticks were more likely to quest when the spider was inactive, suggesting the ticks changed their behavior to reduce danger.
    Keywords antipredator behavior ; intraguild predation ; Ixodes scapularis ; Metarhizium brunneum ; microcosm ; nonconsumptive effects ; Ecology ; QH540-549.5
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wiley
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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