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  1. Article: Rare forms of cerebral amyloid angiopathy: pathogenesis, biological and clinical features of CAA-ri and iCAA.

    Storti, Benedetta / Gabriel, Maria Magdalena / Sennfält, Stefan / Canavero, Isabella / Rifino, Nicola / Gatti, Laura / Bersano, Anna

    Frontiers in neuroscience

    2023  Volume 17, Page(s) 1219025

    Abstract: Thanks to a more widespread knowledge of the disease, and improved diagnostic techniques, the clinical spectrum of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is now broad. Sporadic CAA, hereditary CAA, CAA-related inflammation (CAA-ri) and iatrogenic CAA (iCAA) ... ...

    Abstract Thanks to a more widespread knowledge of the disease, and improved diagnostic techniques, the clinical spectrum of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is now broad. Sporadic CAA, hereditary CAA, CAA-related inflammation (CAA-ri) and iatrogenic CAA (iCAA) create a clinical and radiological continuum which is intriguing and only partially discovered. Despite being relatively rare, CAA-ri, an aggressive subtype of CAA with vascular inflammation, has gained growing attention also because of the therapeutic efficacy of anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating drugs. More recently, diagnostic criteria have been proposed for an unusual variant of CAA, probably related to an iatrogenic origin (iCAA), toward which there is mounting scientific interest. These atypical forms of CAA are still poorly known, and their recognition can be challenging and deserve to be pursued in specialized referral centres. The aim of this brief review is to focus current developments in the field of rare forms of CAA, its pathogenesis as well as clinical and biological features in order to increase awareness of these rare forms.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-10
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2411902-7
    ISSN 1662-453X ; 1662-4548
    ISSN (online) 1662-453X
    ISSN 1662-4548
    DOI 10.3389/fnins.2023.1219025
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Iatrogenic cerebral amyloid angiopathy: An illustrative case of a newly introduced disease.

    Storti, Benedetta / Canavero, Isabella / Gabriel, Maria Magdalena / Capozza, Antonella / Rifino, Nicola / Stanziano, Mario / Tagliabue, Luca / Bersano, Anna

    European journal of neurology

    2023  Volume 30, Issue 10, Page(s) 3397–3399

    Abstract: Background and purpose: Iatrogenic cerebral amyloid angiopathy (iCAA) is a specific type of cerebral amyloid angiopathy which is becoming increasingly diagnosed. It has been hypothesized that iCAA might arise as a late consequence of past neurosurgical ... ...

    Abstract Background and purpose: Iatrogenic cerebral amyloid angiopathy (iCAA) is a specific type of cerebral amyloid angiopathy which is becoming increasingly diagnosed. It has been hypothesized that iCAA might arise as a late consequence of past neurosurgical interventions involving dural patch grafts. Positron emission tomography (PET) scans with amyloid tracers and the assay of beta-amyloid levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are auxiliary criteria, however, definite diagnosis remains histopathologically determined.
    Methods: Case report.
    Results: We present a 48-year-old patient who suffered multiple lobar cerebral haemorrhages from the age of 47. The patient had undergone surgery for remolval of hemangioblastoma with lyophilized dural graft at the age of 11, in 1987. Brain MRI, amiloid PET and CSF analysis led to a diagnosis of probable iCAA.
    Conclusion: It is necessary to increase the awareness of iCAA, in order to avoid overlooking the potential causal involvement of surgical procedures which took place far back in time. Moreover, the diagnostic relevance of amyloid PET and beta-amyloid levels in CSF must be emphasised.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Middle Aged ; Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy/complications ; Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy/diagnostic imaging ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/cerebrospinal fluid ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Iatrogenic Disease
    Chemical Substances Amyloid beta-Peptides
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 1280785-0
    ISSN 1468-1331 ; 1351-5101 ; 1471-0552
    ISSN (online) 1468-1331
    ISSN 1351-5101 ; 1471-0552
    DOI 10.1111/ene.15997
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Angiopoietin-2 associates with poor prognosis in Moyamoya angiopathy.

    Gorla, Gemma / Potenza, Antonella / Carrozzini, Tatiana / Pollaci, Giuliana / Acerbi, Francesco / Vetrano, Ignazio G / Ferroli, Paolo / Canavero, Isabella / Rifino, Nicola / Bersano, Anna / Gatti, Laura

    Annals of clinical and translational neurology

    2024  

    Abstract: Objective: Moyamoya angiopathy (MA) is a rare cerebrovascular disorder characterized by recurrent ischemic/hemorrhagic strokes due to progressive occlusion of the intracranial carotid arteries. The lack of reliable disease severity biomarkers led us to ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Moyamoya angiopathy (MA) is a rare cerebrovascular disorder characterized by recurrent ischemic/hemorrhagic strokes due to progressive occlusion of the intracranial carotid arteries. The lack of reliable disease severity biomarkers led us to investigate molecular features of a Caucasian cohort of MA patients.
    Methods: The participants consisted of 30 MA patients and 40 controls. We measured cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of angiogenic/inflammatory factors (ELISA). We then applied quantitative real-time PCR on cerebral artery specimens for expression analyses of angiogenic factors. By an immunoassay based on microfluidic technology, we examined the potential correlations between plasma protein expression and MA clinical progression. A RNA interference approach toward Ring Finger Protein 213 (RNF213) and a tube formation assay were applied in cellular model.
    Results: We detected a statistically significant (p < 0.000001) up-regulation of Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) in CSF and stenotic middle cerebral arteries (RQ >2) of MA patients compared to controls. A high Ang-2 plasma concentration (p = 0.018) was associated with unfavorable outcome in a subset of MA patients. ROC curve analyses indicated Ang-2 as diagnostic CSF biomarker (>3741 pg/mL) and prognostic plasma biomarker (>1162 pg/mL), to distinguish stable-from-progressive MA. Consistently, MA cellular model showed a significant up-regulation (RQ >2) of Ang-2 in RNF213 silenced condition.
    Interpretation: Our results pointed out Ang-2 as a reliable biomarker mirroring arterial steno-occlusion and vascular instability of MA in CSF and blood, providing a candidate factor for patient stratification. This pilot study may pave the way to the validation of a biomarker to identify progressive MA patients deserving a specific treatment path.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2740696-9
    ISSN 2328-9503 ; 2328-9503
    ISSN (online) 2328-9503
    ISSN 2328-9503
    DOI 10.1002/acn3.52076
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Proteome Profiling of the Dura Mater in Patients with Moyamoya Angiopathy.

    Carrozzini, Tatiana / Pollaci, Giuliana / Gorla, Gemma / Potenza, Antonella / Rifino, Nicola / Acerbi, Francesco / Vetrano, Ignazio G / Ferroli, Paolo / Bersano, Anna / Gianazza, Erica / Banfi, Cristina / Gatti, Laura

    International journal of molecular sciences

    2023  Volume 24, Issue 13

    Abstract: Moyamoya angiopathy (MMA) is an uncommon cerebrovascular disease characterized by a progressive steno-occlusive lesion of the internal carotid artery and the compensatory development of an unstable network of collateral vessels. These vascular hallmarks ... ...

    Abstract Moyamoya angiopathy (MMA) is an uncommon cerebrovascular disease characterized by a progressive steno-occlusive lesion of the internal carotid artery and the compensatory development of an unstable network of collateral vessels. These vascular hallmarks are responsible for recurrent ischemic/hemorrhagic strokes. Surgical treatment represents the preferred procedure for MMA patients, and indirect revascularization may induce a spontaneous angiogenesis between the brain surface and dura mater (DM), whose function remains rather unknown. A better understanding of MMA pathogenesis is expected from the molecular characterization of DM. We performed a comprehensive, label-free, quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomic characterization of DM. The 30 most abundant identified proteins were located in the extracellular region or exosomes and were involved in extracellular matrix organization. Gene ontology analysis revealed that most proteins were involved in binding functions and hydrolase activity. Among the 30 most abundant proteins, Filamin A is particularly relevant because considering its well-known biochemical functions and molecular features, it could be a possible second hit gene with a potential role in MMA pathogenesis. The current explorative study could pave the way for further analyses aimed at better understanding such uncommon and disabling intracranial vasculopathy.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Proteome ; Proteomics ; Moyamoya Disease/genetics ; Cerebrovascular Disorders/complications ; Dura Mater
    Chemical Substances Proteome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-07
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2019364-6
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    ISSN (online) 1422-0067
    ISSN 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
    DOI 10.3390/ijms241311194
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  5. Article ; Online: Virtual hospital and artificial intelligence: a first step towards the application of an innovative health system for the care of rare cerebrovascular diseases.

    Rifino, Nicola / Bersano, Anna / Padovani, Alessandro / Conti, Giancarlo Maria / Cavallini, Anna / Colombo, Luca / Priori, Alberto / Pianese, Raffaella / Gammone, Maria Rosaria / Erbetta, Alessandra / Ciceri, Elisa Francesca / Sattin, Davide / Varvello, Riccardo / Parati, Eugenio Agostino / Scelzo, Emma

    Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology

    2023  Volume 45, Issue 5, Page(s) 2087–2095

    Abstract: The development of virtual care options, including virtual hospital platforms, is rapidly changing the healthcare, mostly in the pandemic period, due to difficulties in in-person consultations. For this purpose, in 2020, a neurological Virtual Hospital ( ... ...

    Abstract The development of virtual care options, including virtual hospital platforms, is rapidly changing the healthcare, mostly in the pandemic period, due to difficulties in in-person consultations. For this purpose, in 2020, a neurological Virtual Hospital (NOVHO) pilot study has been implemented, in order to experiment a multidisciplinary second opinion evaluation system for neurological diseases. Cerebrovascular diseases represent a preponderant part of neurological disorders. However, more than 30% of strokes remain of undetermined source, and rare CVD (rCVD) are often misdiagnosed. The lack of data on phenotype and clinical course of rCVD patients makes the diagnosis and the development of therapies challenging. Since the diagnosis and care of rCVDs require adequate expertise and instrumental tools, their management is mostly allocated to a few experienced hospitals, making difficult equity in access to care. Therefore, strategies for virtual consultations are increasingly applied with some advantage for patient management also in peripheral areas. Moreover, health data are becoming increasingly complex and require new technologies to be managed. The use of Artificial Intelligence is beginning to be applied to the healthcare system and together with the Internet of Things will enable the creation of virtual models with predictive abilities, bringing healthcare one step closer to personalized medicine. Herein, we will report on the preliminary results of the NOVHO project and present the methodology of a new project aimed at developing an innovative multidisciplinary and multicentre virtual care model, specific for rCVD (NOVHO-rCVD), which combines the virtual hospital approach and the deep-learning machine system.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Artificial Intelligence ; Pilot Projects ; Delivery of Health Care ; Cerebrovascular Disorders/diagnosis ; Cerebrovascular Disorders/therapy ; Hospitals
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-29
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2016546-8
    ISSN 1590-3478 ; 1590-1874
    ISSN (online) 1590-3478
    ISSN 1590-1874
    DOI 10.1007/s10072-023-07206-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: The Octopus Trap of Takotsubo and Stroke: Genetics, Biomarkers and Clinical Management.

    Canavero, Isabella / Rifino, Nicola / Bussotti, Maurizio / Carrozzini, Tatiana / Potenza, Antonella / Gorla, Gemma / Pollaci, Giuliana / Storti, Benedetta / Parati, Eugenio Agostino / Gatti, Laura / Bersano, Anna

    Journal of personalized medicine

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 8

    Abstract: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC) is a reversible cardiomyopathy mimicking an acute coronary syndrome, usually observed in response to acute stress situations. The association between acute ischemic stroke and TC is already known, since it has been ... ...

    Abstract Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC) is a reversible cardiomyopathy mimicking an acute coronary syndrome, usually observed in response to acute stress situations. The association between acute ischemic stroke and TC is already known, since it has been previously reported that ischemic stroke can be both a consequence and a potential cause of TC. However, the precise pathophysiological mechanism linking the two conditions is still poorly understood. The aim of our review is to expand insights regarding the genetic susceptibility and available specific biomarkers of TC and to investigate the clinical profile and outcomes of patients with TC and stroke. Since evidence and trials on TC and stroke are currently lacking, this paper aims to fill a substantial gap in the literature about the relationship between these pathologies.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-29
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2662248-8
    ISSN 2075-4426
    ISSN 2075-4426
    DOI 10.3390/jpm12081244
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  7. Article ; Online: Sunitinib associated posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in a patient treated for GIST.

    Rifino, Nicola / Mantero, Vittorio / Filizzolo, Marco Giuseppe / Basilico, Paola / Scaccabarozzi, Chiara / Arnoffi, Jessica / Salmaggi, Andrea

    Acta neurologica Belgica

    2020  Volume 120, Issue 4, Page(s) 995–997

    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors/drug therapy ; Humans ; Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome/chemically induced ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/adverse effects ; Sunitinib/adverse effects
    Chemical Substances Antineoplastic Agents ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Sunitinib (V99T50803M)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-05
    Publishing country Italy
    Document type Case Reports ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 127315-2
    ISSN 2240-2993 ; 0300-9009
    ISSN (online) 2240-2993
    ISSN 0300-9009
    DOI 10.1007/s13760-020-01367-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Non-alcoholic beriberi, Wernicke encephalopathy and long-term eating disorder: case report and a mini-review.

    Mantero, Vittorio / Rifino, Nicola / Costantino, Gisella / Farina, Andrea / Pozzetti, Ugo / Sciacco, Monica / Ripolone, Michela / Bianchi, Graziella / Salmaggi, Andrea / Rigamonti, Andrea

    Eating and weight disorders : EWD

    2020  Volume 26, Issue 2, Page(s) 729–732

    Abstract: Introduction: Nowadays, reports of beriberi are rare in developed countries. Wernicke encephalopathy may be present in about 25% of patients with beriberi.: Case report: We report the case of a woman with history of depression and chronic eating ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Nowadays, reports of beriberi are rare in developed countries. Wernicke encephalopathy may be present in about 25% of patients with beriberi.
    Case report: We report the case of a woman with history of depression and chronic eating disorder, who complained Wernicke encephalopathy and beriberi. Sural nerve and muscular biopsy were performed, showing severe axonal neuropathy. Thiamine supplementation was started with rapid improvement of the pulmonary and cardiac affections; improvement of peripheral neuropathy was incomplete.
    Conclusions: Thiamine deficiency can be misdiagnosed. Beriberi is an important cause of acute flaccid paralysis; hence, clinicians should consider this diagnosis and prompt start thiamine treatment to avoid permanent neurological sequelae.
    MeSH term(s) Beriberi/complications ; Beriberi/diagnosis ; Beriberi/drug therapy ; Feeding and Eating Disorders ; Female ; Humans ; Thiamine/therapeutic use ; Thiamine Deficiency/complications ; Thiamine Deficiency/drug therapy ; Wernicke Encephalopathy/diagnosis ; Wernicke Encephalopathy/drug therapy ; Wernicke Encephalopathy/etiology
    Chemical Substances Thiamine (X66NSO3N35)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-04
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2038625-4
    ISSN 1590-1262 ; 1124-4909
    ISSN (online) 1590-1262
    ISSN 1124-4909
    DOI 10.1007/s40519-020-00880-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: COVID-19 provoking Guillain-Barré syndrome: The Bergamo case series.

    Foresti, Camillo / Servalli, Maria Cristina / Frigeni, Barbara / Rifino, Nicola / Storti, Benedetta / Gritti, Paolo / Fabretti, Fabrizio / Grazioli, Lorenzo / Sessa, Maria

    European journal of neurology

    2020  Volume 28, Issue 10, Page(s) e84–e85

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/diagnosis ; Guillain-Barre Syndrome/therapy ; Humans ; Plasma Exchange ; SARS-CoV-2
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 1280785-0
    ISSN 1468-1331 ; 1351-5101 ; 1471-0552
    ISSN (online) 1468-1331
    ISSN 1351-5101 ; 1471-0552
    DOI 10.1111/ene.14549
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Lack of development of Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in a cohort of 103 Italian glioblastoma patients not receiving prophylaxis during post-surgical chemoradiotherapy.

    Rifino, Nicola / Rigamonti, Andrea / Guida, Francesco Maria / De Nobili, Giuseppe / Spena, Giannantonio / Ferrarese, Carlo / Salmaggi, Andrea

    Journal of the neurological sciences

    2019  Volume 405, Page(s) 116431

    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Antibiotic Prophylaxis/statistics & numerical data ; Chemoradiotherapy/adverse effects ; Female ; Glioblastoma/complications ; Glioblastoma/drug therapy ; Guidelines as Topic ; Humans ; Italy/epidemiology ; Lymphopenia/complications ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis/complications ; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis/epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Analysis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-08-20
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 80160-4
    ISSN 1878-5883 ; 0022-510X ; 0374-8642
    ISSN (online) 1878-5883
    ISSN 0022-510X ; 0374-8642
    DOI 10.1016/j.jns.2019.116431
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