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Book: Labormedizin für Grundversorger

Risch, Martin

(Therapeutische Umschau ; 72,2)

2015

Author's details	Gasthrsg. Martin Risch
Series title	Therapeutische Umschau ; 72,2
Collection
Keywords	Labormedizin
Subject	Labordiagnostik ; Medizinische Labortechnik ; Laboratoriumsdiagnostik ; Laboratoriumsmedizin
Language	German
Size	S. 73 - 136 : graph. Darst.
Publisher	Huber
Publishing place	Bern
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Book
HBZ-ID	HT018533485
ISBN	978-3-456-85476-2 ; 3-456-85476-5
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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Article ; Online: Comparison of an automated DNA extraction and 16S rDNA real time PCR/sequencing diagnostic method using optimized reagents with culture during a 15-month study using specimens from sterile body sites.

Egli, Konrad / Risch, Martin / Risch, Lorenz / Bodmer, Thomas

BMC microbiology

2022 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 119

Abstract: Background: 16S rDNA-PCR for the identification of a bacterial species is an established method. However, the DNA extraction reagents as well as the PCR reagents may contain residual bacterial DNA, which consequently generates false-positive PCR results. ...

Abstract	Background: 16S rDNA-PCR for the identification of a bacterial species is an established method. However, the DNA extraction reagents as well as the PCR reagents may contain residual bacterial DNA, which consequently generates false-positive PCR results. Additionally, previously used methods are frequently time-consuming. Here, we describe the results obtained with a new technology that uses DNA-free reagents for automated DNA extraction and subsequent real time PCR using sterile clinical specimens. Results: In total, we compared 803 clinical specimens using real time PCR and culturing. The clinical specimens were mainly of orthopedic origin received at our diagnostic laboratory. In 595 (74.1%) samples, the results were concordant negative, and in 102 (12.7%) the results were concordant positive. A total of 170 (21.2%) clinical specimens were PCR-positive, of which 62 (36.5% from PCR positive, 7.7% in total) gave an additional benefit to the patient since only the PCR result was positive. Many of these 62 positive specimens were strongly positive based on crossingpoint values (54% < Cp 30), and these 62 positive clinical specimens were diagnosed as medically relevant as well. Thirty-eight (4.2%) clinical specimens were culture-positive (25 of them were only enrichment culture positive) but PCR-negative, mainly for S. epidermidis, S. aureus and C. acnes. The turnaround times for negative specimens were 4 hours (automated DNA extraction and real time PCR) and 1 working day for positive specimens (including Sanger sequencing). Melting-curve analysis of SYBR Green-PCR enables the differentiation of specific and unspecific PCR products. Using Ripseq, even mixed infections of 2 bacterial species could be resolved. Conclusions: For endocarditis cases, the added benefit of PCR is obvious. The crucial innovations of the technology enable timely reporting of explicit reliable results for adequate treatment of patients. Clinical specimens with truly PCR-positive but culture-negative results represent an additional benefit for patients. Very few results at the detection limit still have to be critically examined.
MeSH term(s)	Bacteria/genetics ; DNA, Bacterial/analysis ; DNA, Bacterial/genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal/genetics ; Humans ; Indicators and Reagents ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Staphylococcus aureus/genetics
Chemical Substances	DNA, Bacterial ; DNA, Ribosomal ; Indicators and Reagents
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2041505-9
ISSN	1471-2180 ; 1471-2180
ISSN (online)	1471-2180
ISSN	1471-2180
DOI	10.1186/s12866-022-02542-w
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Labormedizin für die Praxis.

Risch, Martin

Therapeutische Umschau. Revue therapeutique

2015 Volume 72, Issue 2, Page(s) 75

Title translation	Laboratory medicine for the practice.
MeSH term(s)	Clinical Laboratory Services/trends ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques/trends ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine/trends ; Humans ; Practice Patterns, Physicians'/trends ; Switzerland
Language	German
Publishing date	2015-02
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Editorial ; Introductory Journal Article
ZDB-ID	82044-1
ISSN	1664-2864 ; 0040-5930
ISSN (online)	1664-2864
ISSN	0040-5930
DOI	10.1024/0040-5930/a000646
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Article ; Online: In vitro susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to netilmicin and etimicin in comparison to gentamicin and other aminoglycosides.

Gross, Sonja / Herren, Sebastian / Gysin, Marina / Rominski, Anna / Roditscheff, Anna / Risch, Martin / Imkamp, Frank / Crich, David / Hobbie, Sven N

European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology

2024 Volume 43, Issue 5, Page(s) 821–828

Abstract: Purpose: Single doses of gentamicin have demonstrated clinical efficacy in the treatment of urogenital gonorrhea, but lower cure rates for oropharyngeal and anorectal gonorrhea. Formulations selectively enriched in specific gentamicin C congeners have ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Single doses of gentamicin have demonstrated clinical efficacy in the treatment of urogenital gonorrhea, but lower cure rates for oropharyngeal and anorectal gonorrhea. Formulations selectively enriched in specific gentamicin C congeners have been proposed as a less toxic alternative to gentamicin, potentially permitting higher dosing to result in increased plasma exposures at the extragenital sites of infection. The purpose of the present study was to compare the antibacterial activity of individual gentamicin C congeners against Neisseria gonorrhoeae to that of other aminoglycoside antibiotics. Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility of three N. gonorrhoeae reference strains and 152 clinical isolates was assessed using standard disk diffusion, agar dilution, and epsilometer tests. Results: Gentamicin C1, C2, C1a, and C2a demonstrated similar activity against N. gonorrhoeae. Interestingly, susceptibility to the 1-N-ethylated aminoglycosides etimicin and netilmicin was significantly higher than the susceptibility to their parent compounds gentamicin C1a and sisomicin, and to any other of the 25 aminoglycosides assessed in this study. Propylamycin, a 4'-propylated paromomycin analogue, was significantly more active against N. gonorrhoeae than its parent compound, too. Conclusion: Selectively enriched gentamicin formulations hold promise for a less toxic but equally efficacious alternative to gentamicin. Our study warrants additional consideration of the clinically established netilmicin and etimicin for treatment of genital and perhaps extragenital gonorrhea. Additional studies are required to elucidate the mechanism behind the advantage of alkylated aminoglycosides.
MeSH term(s)	Neisseria gonorrhoeae/drug effects ; Gentamicins/pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Aminoglycosides/pharmacology ; Gonorrhea/drug therapy ; Gonorrhea/microbiology ; Netilmicin/pharmacology
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-22
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Comparative Study
ZDB-ID	603155-9
ISSN	1435-4373 ; 0934-9723 ; 0722-2211
ISSN (online)	1435-4373
ISSN	0934-9723 ; 0722-2211
DOI	10.1007/s10096-024-04782-2
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Article: Labormedizin für die Praxis : Editorial

Risch, Martin

Therapeutische Umschau

2015 Volume 72, Issue 2, Page(s) 75

Language	German
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	82044-1
ISSN	1664-2864 ; 0040-5930
ISSN (online)	1664-2864
ISSN	0040-5930
Database	bibnet.org

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Article ; Online: Impact of retrograde intrarenal surgery on biomarkers that are associated with renal parenchyma injury, a preliminary study.

Stächele, Lara / Stekhoven, Daniel J / Birzele, Jan A / Risch, Martin / Strebel, Räto T

World journal of urology

2022 Volume 40, Issue 3, Page(s) 841–847

Abstract: Purpose: The primary objective of this preliminary study was to assess the changes in concentration of biomarkers, which indicate renal injury, after RIRS.: Materials and methods: Within this prospective study, we included 21 patients with ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: The primary objective of this preliminary study was to assess the changes in concentration of biomarkers, which indicate renal injury, after RIRS. Materials and methods: Within this prospective study, we included 21 patients with nephrolithiasis requiring treatment with RIRS. From each patient, blood and urine samples were taken at fixed intervals before and after RIRS. Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), interleukin-18 (IL-18), calbindin, albumin, clusterin, gluthation S-transferase-π (GST-π), beta-2-microglobulin (B2M), osteopontin, cystatin c, and trefoil-factor-3 (TFF3) were measured in urine. Creatinine, cystatin c and uric acid were analyzed in the blood samples. Results: A significant increase of the biomarkers clusterin, GST-π, B2M, NGAL and cystatin c was observed after RIRS. However, the biomarkers gradually normalized during the first 14 postoperative days. The parameters surgery time, cumulative stone volume, and BMI did not significantly influence the biomarker concentrations. In the case of GST-π and NGAL a significant positive, yet minuscule effect of age was observed. Conclusions: With our study, we identified 5 out of 12 assessed renal injury biomarkers that showed a significant increase after RIRS. The increase was only temporary and all markers normalized within 14 days. Further studies are needed to determine the clinical value of these identified markers to assess the long-term impact of intrarenal pressure elevation during RIRS.
MeSH term(s)	Acute Kidney Injury/blood ; Acute Kidney Injury/urine ; Biomarkers/urine ; Creatinine ; Humans ; Kidney/surgery ; Lipocalin-2/blood ; Lipocalin-2/urine ; Prospective Studies
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; Lipocalin-2 ; Creatinine (AYI8EX34EU)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-23
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	380333-8
ISSN	1433-8726 ; 0724-4983
ISSN (online)	1433-8726
ISSN	0724-4983
DOI	10.1007/s00345-021-03909-w
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein Mutations Found in Switzerland Disrupt N-Gene Amplification in Commonly Used Multiplex RT-PCR Assay.

Hilti, Dominique / Wehrli, Faina / Roditscheff, Anna / Risch, Martin / Risch, Lorenz / Egli, Adrian / Bodmer, Thomas / Wohlwend, Nadia

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 12, Issue 12

Abstract: At the end of 2021, we observed an increase in N-gene target failures (NGTF) with the TaqPathTM COVID-19 CE-IVD RT-PCR Kit from Thermo Fisher Scientific (TaqPath). We subsequently used whole-genome sequencing (Oxford Nanopore Technology) to identify ... ...

Abstract	At the end of 2021, we observed an increase in N-gene target failures (NGTF) with the TaqPathTM COVID-19 CE-IVD RT-PCR Kit from Thermo Fisher Scientific (TaqPath). We subsequently used whole-genome sequencing (Oxford Nanopore Technology) to identify potential issues with N-gene PCR efficacy. Among 168,101 positive samples with a cycle threshold (CT) value <30 from August 2021 to May 2022, 194 specimens without N-gene amplification by PCR were identified (0.12%). Most NGTF samples originated from a wave of infection attributable to the Delta variant (B.1.617.2) and its sublineages. Sequencing revealed the nucleotide substitution G28922T (A217S) in 151 samples (88.8%). The substitution G215C, a hallmark mutation for Delta lineages, was concurrently present in all of these samples. Ten samples (5.9%) carried the deletion 28,913-28,918 (del214/215), eight samples (4.7%) the deletion 28,913-28,915 (del214) and one sample (0.6%) the deletion 28,892-28,930 (del207-219). Samples showing intact N-gene amplification by PCR lacked these specific mutations, but delayed-type amplification (i.e., partial or pNGTF) was attributable to the exclusive presence of A217S. As the N gene is a common target in many RT-PCR methods for SARS-CoV-2, an in-depth analysis of single-target failures using a combination with viral whole genome sequencing may allow for the identification of diagnostic flaws and eventual new variants.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-24
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2695572-6
ISSN	2076-0817
ISSN	2076-0817
DOI	10.3390/pathogens12121383
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Article: The Association of suPAR with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Young and Healthy Adults.

Wohlwend, Niklas Fabio / Grossmann, Kirsten / Aeschbacher, Stefanie / Weideli, Ornella C / Telser, Julia / Risch, Martin / Conen, David / Risch, Lorenz

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 13, Issue 18

Abstract: The soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), as a correlate of chronic low-grade inflammation, may be used to predict individual cardiovascular risk. Since chronic low-grade inflammation is thought to be associated with the development ... ...

Abstract	The soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), as a correlate of chronic low-grade inflammation, may be used to predict individual cardiovascular risk. Since chronic low-grade inflammation is thought to be associated with the development of cardiovascular disease, this study aimed to evaluate if suPAR plasma levels are correlated with cardiovascular risk factors in young and healthy adults (aged 25-41 years). Consequently, data from the GAPP (genetic and phenotypic determinants of blood pressure and other cardiovascular risk factors) study were used to investigate suPAR plasma levels in relation to the following cardiovascular risk factors and laboratory parameters: BMI, physical activity, alcohol consumption, smoking status, blood pressure parameters, glucose status, and lipid levels. Additionally, suPAR was compared to the healthy lifestyle score and the Framingham score representing the overall cardiovascular risk profile. These associations were assessed using two different statistical approaches. Firstly, all cardiovascular risk factors and scores were compared amongst sex-specific suPAR plasma levels with ANOVA analysis. Secondly, sex-specific multivariable linear regressions were performed. Female participants had higher plasma suPAR levels than male participants (1.73 ng/mL versus 1.50 ng/mL;
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-13
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662336-5
ISSN	2075-4418
ISSN	2075-4418
DOI	10.3390/diagnostics13182938
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: IVDR: Analysis of the Social, Economic, and Practical Consequences of the Application of an Ordinance of the In Vitro Diagnostic Ordinance in Switzerland.

Coste, Alix T / Egli, Adrian / Schrenzel, Jacques / Nickel, Beatrice / Zbinden, Andrea / Lienhard, Reto / Dumoulin, Alexis / Risch, Martin / Greub, Gilbert

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 13, Issue 18

Abstract: IVDR regulation represents a major challenge for diagnostic microbiology laboratories. IVDR complicates a broad range of aspects and poses a risk given the high diversity of pathogens (including rare but highly virulent microbes) and the large variety of ...

Abstract	IVDR regulation represents a major challenge for diagnostic microbiology laboratories. IVDR complicates a broad range of aspects and poses a risk given the high diversity of pathogens (including rare but highly virulent microbes) and the large variety of samples submitted for analysis. The regular emergence of new pathogens (including Echovirus E-11, Adenovirus 41, Monkeypox virus, Alongshan virus, and Enterovirus D68, as recent examples in Europe in the post SARS-CoV-2 era) is another factor that makes IVDR regulation risky, because its detrimental effect on production of in-house tests will negatively impact knowledge and expertise in the development of new diagnostic tests. Moreover, such regulations negatively impact the availability of diagnostic tests, especially for neglected pathogens, and has a detrimental effect on the overall costs of the tests. The increased regulatory burden of IVDR may thereby pose an important risk for public health. Taken together, it will have a negative impact on the financial balance of diagnostic microbiology laboratories (especially small ones). The already-high standards of quality management of all ISO-accredited and Swissmedic-authorized laboratories render IVDR law of little value, at least in Switzerland, while tremendously increasing the regulatory burden and associated costs. Eventually, patients will need to pay for diagnostic assays outside of the framework of their insurance in order to obtain a proper diagnostic assessment, which may result in social inequity. Thus, based on the risk assessment outlined above, the coordinated commission for clinical microbiology proposes adjusting the IvDO ordinance by (i) introducing an obligation to be ISO 15189 accredited and (ii) not implementing the IvDO 2028 milestone.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-11
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662336-5
ISSN	2075-4418
ISSN	2075-4418
DOI	10.3390/diagnostics13182910
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Article ; Online: Mortality risk factors in community-dwelling, subjectively healthy, Swiss older adults: update after 8-years follow-up.

Gutzwiller, Jean-Pierre / Müller-Bolla, Krisztina / Ferrari, Carlo / Stanga, Zeno / Nydegger, Urs E / Risch, Lorenz / Risch, Martin

BMC geriatrics

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 303

Abstract: Background: Worldwide population is ageing, but little is known regarding risk factors associated with increased mortality in subjectively healthy, community-dwelling older adults. We present the updated results of the longest follow-up carried out on ... ...

Abstract	Background: Worldwide population is ageing, but little is known regarding risk factors associated with increased mortality in subjectively healthy, community-dwelling older adults. We present the updated results of the longest follow-up carried out on Swiss pensioners and we provide results on potential risk factors associated with mortality before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods: Within the SENIORLAB study, we collected demographic data, anthropometric measures, medical history, and laboratory parameters of 1467 subjectively healthy, community-dwelling, Swiss adults aged ≥ 60 years over a median follow-up of 8.79 years. The variables considered in the multivariable Cox-proportional hazard model for mortality during follow-up were selected based on prior knowledge. Two separate models for males and females were calculated; moreover, we fitted the old model obtained in 2018 to the complete follow-up data to highlight differences and similarities. Results: The population sample included 680 males and 787 females. Age of participants ranged between 60 and 99 years. We experienced 208 deaths throughout the entire follow-up period; no patients were lost at follow-up. The Cox-proportional hazard regression model included female gender, age, albumin levels, smoking status, hypertension, osteoporosis and history of cancer within predictors of mortality over the follow-up period. Consistent findings were obtained also after gender stratification. After fitting the old model, female gender, hypertension, and osteoporosis still showed statistically significant independent associations with all-cause mortality. Conclusions: Understanding the predictors of a healthy survival can improve the overall quality of life of the ageing population and simultaneously reduce their global economic burden. Trial registration: The present study was registered in the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number registry: https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN53778569 (registration date: 27/05/2015).
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Female ; Aged ; Independent Living ; Follow-Up Studies ; Quality of Life ; Switzerland/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; COVID-19 ; Risk Factors ; Hypertension ; Osteoporosis
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2059865-8
ISSN	1471-2318 ; 1471-2318
ISSN (online)	1471-2318
ISSN	1471-2318
DOI	10.1186/s12877-023-03959-2
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