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  1. Article ; Online: Radial and vertical variation of wood nutrients in Bornean tropical forest trees

    Inagawa, Takeshi / Riutta, Terhi / Majalap‐Lee, Noreen / Nilus, Reuben / Josue, James / Malhi, Y.

    Biotropica. 2023 Sept., v. 55, no. 5 p.1019-1032

    2023  

    Abstract: Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium concentrations in woody tissue are poorly documented, but are necessary for understanding whole‐tree nutrient use and storage. Here, we report how wood macronutrient concentrations vary radially and ...

    Abstract Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium concentrations in woody tissue are poorly documented, but are necessary for understanding whole‐tree nutrient use and storage. Here, we report how wood macronutrient concentrations vary radially and along the length of a tree for 10 tropical tree species in Sabah, Malaysia. Bark nutrient concentrations were consistently high: 2.9–13.7 times greater than heartwood depending on the nutrient. In contrast, within the wood both the radial (sapwood vs. heartwood) and vertical (trunk bottom vs. trunk middle) variation was modest. Higher concentrations in sapwood relative to heartwood provide empirical support for wood nutrient resorption during sapwood senescence. Dipterocarp species showed resorption rates of 25.3 ± 7.1% (nitrogen), 62.7 ± 11.9% (phosphorus), and 56.2 ± 12.5% (potassium), respectively, while non‐dipterocarp species showed no evidence of nutrient resorption in wood. This suggests that while dipterocarps have lower wood nutrient concentrations, this family is able to compensate for this by using wood nutrient resorption as an efficient nutrient conservation mechanism. In contrast to other nutrients, calcium and magnesium tended to accumulate in heartwood. Wood density (WD) showed little vertical variation along the trunk. Across the species (WD range of 0.33 to 0.94 mg/cm³), WD was negatively correlated with wood P and K concentration and positively correlated with wood Ca concentration. As our study showed exceptionally high nutrient concentrations in the bark, debarking and leaving the bark of the harvested trees on site during logging operations could substantially contribute to maintaining nutrients within forest ecosystems.
    Keywords Borneo ; Dipterocarpaceae ; bark ; calcium ; heartwood ; magnesium ; nitrogen ; nutrient resorption (physiology) ; phosphorus ; potassium ; resorption ; sapwood ; trees ; tropical forests ; tropical plants ; wood ; wood density ; Malaysia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-09
    Size p. 1019-1032.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 2052061-X
    ISSN 1744-7429 ; 0006-3606
    ISSN (online) 1744-7429
    ISSN 0006-3606
    DOI 10.1111/btp.13250
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article ; Online: Multi-stemming enhances tree survival and growth in Borneo’s logged forests

    Kvasnica, Jakub / Matula, Radim / Rejžek, Martin / Ewers, Robert M. / Riutta, Terhi / Turner, Edgar C. / Nilus, Reuben / Svátek, Martin

    Forest Ecology and Management. 2023 Sept., v. 544 p.121140-

    2023  

    Abstract: Multi-stemmed architecture is a common but overlooked tree growth form in tropical rainforests. Although multi-stemming is thought to be a key trait for tree persistence after disturbance, the role of multi-stemmed trees in post-disturbance demographic ... ...

    Abstract Multi-stemmed architecture is a common but overlooked tree growth form in tropical rainforests. Although multi-stemming is thought to be a key trait for tree persistence after disturbance, the role of multi-stemmed trees in post-disturbance demographic processes has been largely unexplored in logged rainforests. Here, we used decade-long measurements on nearly 14,000 tree stems to study post-logging growth and survival along a logging disturbance gradient in Malaysian Borneo. We found that multi-stemming enhanced tree persistence after logging. Along the entire disturbance gradient, multi-stemmed trees suffered significantly lower mortality than single-stemmed trees, and survival strongly increased with the number of stems. Small to medium-sized trees with multiple stems showed greater growth than similar-sized single-stemmed trees, with the difference increasing as the disturbance increased. Our findings demonstrate the significance of multi-stemmed architecture after logging in Borneo’s rainforests and highlight the need to consider the multi-stemmed growth form in forest inventories and models of post-disturbance forest dynamics.
    Keywords Borneo ; administrative management ; forest dynamics ; forests ; mortality ; tree growth ; trees ; Multi-stemmed trees ; Resprouting ; Disturbance gradient ; Logging
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-09
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note Pre-press version
    ZDB-ID 751138-3
    ISSN 0378-1127
    ISSN 0378-1127
    DOI 10.1016/j.foreco.2023.121140
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article ; Online: Unsung heroes: Value coordinating roles in research.

    Slade, Eleanor M / Riutta, Terhi

    Nature

    2017  Volume 546, Issue 7656, Page(s) 33

    MeSH term(s) Age Factors ; Congresses as Topic/organization & administration ; Humans ; Mentoring ; Professional Role ; Research/manpower ; Research/organization & administration ; Social Media/organization & administration
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017--31
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 120714-3
    ISSN 1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
    ISSN (online) 1476-4687
    ISSN 0028-0836
    DOI 10.1038/546033b
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Major and persistent shifts in below‐ground carbon dynamics and soil respiration following logging in tropical forests

    Riutta, Terhi / Kho, Lip Khoon / Teh, Yit Arn / Ewers, Robert / Majalap, Noreen / Malhi, Yadvinder

    Global change biology. 2021 May, v. 27, no. 10

    2021  

    Abstract: Soil respiration is the largest carbon efflux from the terrestrial ecosystem to the atmosphere, and selective logging influences soil respiration via changes in abiotic (temperature, moisture) and biotic (biomass, productivity, quantity and quality of ... ...

    Abstract Soil respiration is the largest carbon efflux from the terrestrial ecosystem to the atmosphere, and selective logging influences soil respiration via changes in abiotic (temperature, moisture) and biotic (biomass, productivity, quantity and quality of necromass inputs) drivers. Logged forests are a predominant feature of the tropical forest landscape, their area exceeding that of intact forest. We quantified both total and component (root, mycorrhiza, litter, and soil organic matter, SOM) soil respiration in logged (n = 5) and old‐growth (n = 6) forest plots in Malaysian Borneo, a region which is a global hotspot for emission from forest degradation. We constructed a detailed below‐ground carbon budget including organic carbon inputs into the system via litterfall and root turnover. Total soil respiration was significantly higher in logged forests than in old‐growth forests (14.3 ± 0.23 and 12.7 ± 0.60 Mg C ha⁻¹ year⁻¹, respectively, p = 0.037). This was mainly due to the higher SOM respiration in logged forests (55 ± 3.1% of the total respiration in logged forests vs. 50 ± 3.0% in old‐growth forests). In old‐growth forests, annual SOM respiration was equal to the organic carbon inputs into the soil (difference between SOM respiration and inputs 0.18 Mg C ha⁻¹ year⁻¹, with 90% confidence intervals of −0.41 and 0.74 Mg C ha⁻¹ year⁻¹), indicating that the system is in equilibrium, while in logged forests SOM respiration exceeded the inputs by 4.2 Mg C ha⁻¹ year⁻¹ (90% CI of 3.6 and 4.9 Mg C ha⁻¹ year⁻¹), indicating that the soil is losing carbon. These results contribute towards understanding the impact of logging on below‐ground carbon dynamics, which is one of the key uncertainties in estimating emissions from forest degradation. This study demonstrates how significant perturbation of the below‐ground carbon balance, and consequent net soil carbon emissions, can persist for decades after a logging event in tropical forests.
    Keywords Biological Sciences ; Borneo ; biomass ; global carbon budget ; global change ; landscapes ; mycorrhizae ; necromass ; organic carbon ; plant litter ; soil carbon ; soil organic matter ; soil respiration ; temperature ; terrestrial ecosystems ; tropical forests
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-05
    Size p. 2225-2240.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean ; JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 1281439-8
    ISSN 1365-2486 ; 1354-1013
    ISSN (online) 1365-2486
    ISSN 1354-1013
    DOI 10.1111/gcb.15522
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article ; Online: Major and persistent shifts in below-ground carbon dynamics and soil respiration following logging in tropical forests.

    Riutta, Terhi / Kho, Lip Khoon / Teh, Yit Arn / Ewers, Robert / Majalap, Noreen / Malhi, Yadvinder

    Global change biology

    2021  Volume 27, Issue 10, Page(s) 2225–2240

    Abstract: Soil respiration is the largest carbon efflux from the terrestrial ecosystem to the atmosphere, and selective logging influences soil respiration via changes in abiotic (temperature, moisture) and biotic (biomass, productivity, quantity and quality of ... ...

    Abstract Soil respiration is the largest carbon efflux from the terrestrial ecosystem to the atmosphere, and selective logging influences soil respiration via changes in abiotic (temperature, moisture) and biotic (biomass, productivity, quantity and quality of necromass inputs) drivers. Logged forests are a predominant feature of the tropical forest landscape, their area exceeding that of intact forest. We quantified both total and component (root, mycorrhiza, litter, and soil organic matter, SOM) soil respiration in logged (n = 5) and old-growth (n = 6) forest plots in Malaysian Borneo, a region which is a global hotspot for emission from forest degradation. We constructed a detailed below-ground carbon budget including organic carbon inputs into the system via litterfall and root turnover. Total soil respiration was significantly higher in logged forests than in old-growth forests (14.3 ± 0.23 and 12.7 ± 0.60 Mg C ha
    MeSH term(s) Borneo ; Carbon ; Ecosystem ; Respiration ; Soil ; Trees
    Chemical Substances Soil ; Carbon (7440-44-0)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1281439-8
    ISSN 1365-2486 ; 1354-1013
    ISSN (online) 1365-2486
    ISSN 1354-1013
    DOI 10.1111/gcb.15522
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Changes in oak (Quercus robur) photosynthesis after winter moth (Operophtera brumata) herbivory are not explained by changes in chemical or structural leaf traits.

    Visakorpi, Kristiina / Riutta, Terhi / Malhi, Yadvinder / Salminen, Juha-Pekka / Salinas, Norma / Gripenberg, Sofia

    PloS one

    2020  Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) e0228157

    Abstract: Insect herbivores have the potential to change both physical and chemical traits of their host plant. Although the impacts of herbivores on their hosts have been widely studied, experiments assessing changes in multiple leaf traits or functions ... ...

    Abstract Insect herbivores have the potential to change both physical and chemical traits of their host plant. Although the impacts of herbivores on their hosts have been widely studied, experiments assessing changes in multiple leaf traits or functions simultaneously are still rare. We experimentally tested whether herbivory by winter moth (Operophtera brumata) caterpillars and mechanical leaf wounding changed leaf mass per area, leaf area, leaf carbon and nitrogen content, and the concentrations of 27 polyphenol compounds on oak (Quercus robur) leaves. To investigate how potential changes in the studied traits affect leaf functioning, we related the traits to the rates of leaf photosynthesis and respiration. Overall, we did not detect any clear effects of herbivory or mechanical leaf damage on the chemical or physical leaf traits, despite clear effect of herbivory on photosynthesis. Rather, the trait variation was primarily driven by variation between individual trees. Only leaf nitrogen content and a subset of the studied polyphenol compounds correlated with photosynthesis and leaf respiration. Our results suggest that in our study system, abiotic conditions related to the growth location, variation between tree individuals, and seasonal trends in plant physiology are more important than herbivory in determining the distribution and composition of leaf chemical and structural traits.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Carbon/metabolism ; Herbivory ; Host-Parasite Interactions ; Larva/physiology ; Moths/growth & development ; Moths/physiology ; Nitrogen/metabolism ; Photosynthesis ; Plant Leaves/chemistry ; Plant Leaves/metabolism ; Plant Leaves/parasitology ; Plant Shoots/chemistry ; Plant Shoots/metabolism ; Polyphenols/metabolism ; Principal Component Analysis ; Quercus/chemistry ; Quercus/metabolism ; Quercus/parasitology ; Seasons ; Stress, Mechanical
    Chemical Substances Polyphenols ; Carbon (7440-44-0) ; Nitrogen (N762921K75)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0228157
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  7. Article: Insect community structure covaries with host plant chemistry but is not affected by prior herbivory

    Visakorpi, Kristiina / Gripenberg, Sofia / Martínez‐Bauer, Angélica E / Riutta, Terhi / Salminen, Juha‐Pekka

    Ecology. 2019 Aug., v. 100, no. 8

    2019  

    Abstract: By feeding on plant tissue, insect herbivores can change several characteristics of their hosts. These changes have the potential to alter the quality of the plant for other herbivore species, potentially altering the structure of the community of ... ...

    Abstract By feeding on plant tissue, insect herbivores can change several characteristics of their hosts. These changes have the potential to alter the quality of the plant for other herbivore species, potentially altering the structure of the community of species attacking the plant at a later point in time. We tested whether herbivory early in the season changes host plant performance, polyphenol chemistry, and the community structure of sessile herbivores later in the season. We experimentally manipulated densities of early‐season moth caterpillars on a set of young oak trees and measured tree growth, reproduction, leaf chemistry, and the abundance and community composition of leafmining and galling species later in the season. The experimental manipulations of early‐season herbivores did not affect late‐season leaf chemistry or tree performance. Early‐season herbivores had a weak negative effect on the abundance of gallers and a positive, tree‐dependent effect on the overall diversity of late‐season sessile herbivores. The chemical composition of leaves covaried with the species composition of the late‐season leafmining and galling community. Both the chemical composition of the host tree and the late‐season insect community structure were strongly affected by the growth location of the tree. Our results suggest that plant‐mediated indirect effects between herbivores might play a limited role in this system, whereas the underlying variation in plant chemistry is an important factor structuring the associated insect community. Our results emphasize that factors other than prior herbivory can be important determinants of plant chemistry and the community composition of herbivores.
    Keywords chemical composition ; community structure ; host plants ; insect communities ; insect larvae ; leaves ; moths ; phytophagous insects ; plant biochemistry ; plant tissues ; polyphenols ; Quercus ; reproduction ; species diversity ; tree growth ; trees
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-08
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 1797-8
    ISSN 0012-9658
    ISSN 0012-9658
    DOI 10.1002/ecy.2739
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  8. Article ; Online: Insect community structure covaries with host plant chemistry but is not affected by prior herbivory.

    Visakorpi, Kristiina / Riutta, Terhi / Martínez-Bauer, Angélica E / Salminen, Juha-Pekka / Gripenberg, Sofia

    Ecology

    2019  Volume 100, Issue 8, Page(s) e02739

    Abstract: By feeding on plant tissue, insect herbivores can change several characteristics of their hosts. These changes have the potential to alter the quality of the plant for other herbivore species, potentially altering the structure of the community of ... ...

    Abstract By feeding on plant tissue, insect herbivores can change several characteristics of their hosts. These changes have the potential to alter the quality of the plant for other herbivore species, potentially altering the structure of the community of species attacking the plant at a later point in time. We tested whether herbivory early in the season changes host plant performance, polyphenol chemistry, and the community structure of sessile herbivores later in the season. We experimentally manipulated densities of early-season moth caterpillars on a set of young oak trees and measured tree growth, reproduction, leaf chemistry, and the abundance and community composition of leafmining and galling species later in the season. The experimental manipulations of early-season herbivores did not affect late-season leaf chemistry or tree performance. Early-season herbivores had a weak negative effect on the abundance of gallers and a positive, tree-dependent effect on the overall diversity of late-season sessile herbivores. The chemical composition of leaves covaried with the species composition of the late-season leafmining and galling community. Both the chemical composition of the host tree and the late-season insect community structure were strongly affected by the growth location of the tree. Our results suggest that plant-mediated indirect effects between herbivores might play a limited role in this system, whereas the underlying variation in plant chemistry is an important factor structuring the associated insect community. Our results emphasize that factors other than prior herbivory can be important determinants of plant chemistry and the community composition of herbivores.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Herbivory ; Insecta ; Plant Leaves ; Quercus ; Trees
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2010140-5
    ISSN 1939-9170 ; 0012-9658
    ISSN (online) 1939-9170
    ISSN 0012-9658
    DOI 10.1002/ecy.2739
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Large contribution of recent photosynthate to soil respiration in tropical dipterocarp forest revealed by girdling

    Nottingham, Andrew T. / Cheesman, Alexander W. / Riutta, Terhi / Doughty, Christopher E. / Telford, Elizabeth / Huaraca Huasco, Walter / Svátek, Martin / Kvasnica, Jakub / Majalap, Noreen / Malhi, Yadvinder / Meir, Patrick / Arn Teh, Yit

    journal of ecology. 2022 Feb., v. 110, no. 2

    2022  

    Abstract: Tropical forests are the most productive terrestrial ecosystems, fixing over 40 Pg of carbon from the atmosphere each year. A substantial portion of this carbon is allocated below‐ground to roots and root‐associated micro‐organisms. However, there have ... ...

    Abstract Tropical forests are the most productive terrestrial ecosystems, fixing over 40 Pg of carbon from the atmosphere each year. A substantial portion of this carbon is allocated below‐ground to roots and root‐associated micro‐organisms. However, there have been very few empirical studies on the dynamics of this below ground transfer, especially in tropical forests where carbon allocation processes are influenced by high plant species diversity. We used a whole‐stand girdling experiment to halt the below‐ground transfer of recent photosynthates in a lowland tropical forest in Borneo. By girdling 209 large trees in a 0.48 ha plot, we determined: (a) the contribution of recent photosynthate to root‐rhizosphere respiration and; (b) the relationships among the disruption of this below‐ground carbon supply, tree species composition and mortality. Mortality of the 209 trees was 62% after 370 days, with large variation among species and particularly high mortality within the Dipterocarpaceae (99%) and Fagaceae (100%) families. We also observed a higher risk of mortality following girdling for species with lower wood density. Soil CO₂ emissions declined markedly (36 ± 5%) over ~50 days following girdling in three of six monitored subplots. In the other three subplots there was either a marginal decline or no response of soil CO₂ emissions to girdling. The decrease in soil CO₂ efflux was larger in subplots with dominance of Dipterocarpaceae. Synthesis. Our results indicate high spatial variation in the coupling of below‐ground carbon allocation and root‐rhizosphere respiration in this tropical forest, with a closer coupling in forest dominated by Dipterocarpaceae. Our findings highlight the implications of tree species composition of tropical forests in affecting the dynamics of below‐ground carbon transfer and its release to the atmosphere.
    Keywords Borneo ; Dipterocarpaceae ; Fagaceae ; carbon ; carbon dioxide ; decline ; microorganisms ; mortality ; photosynthates ; risk ; soil ; soil respiration ; species diversity ; trees ; tropical forests ; wood density
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-02
    Size p. 387-403.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 3023-5
    ISSN 0022-0477
    ISSN 0022-0477
    DOI 10.1111/1365-2745.13806
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  10. Article ; Online: Tropical forests post-logging are a persistent net carbon source to the atmosphere.

    Mills, Maria B / Malhi, Yadvinder / Ewers, Robert M / Kho, Lip Khoon / Teh, Yit Arn / Both, Sabine / Burslem, David F R P / Majalap, Noreen / Nilus, Reuben / Huaraca Huasco, Walter / Cruz, Rudi / Pillco, Milenka M / Turner, Edgar C / Reynolds, Glen / Riutta, Terhi

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    2023  Volume 120, Issue 3, Page(s) e2214462120

    Abstract: Logged and structurally degraded tropical forests are fast becoming one of the most prevalent land-use types throughout the tropics and are routinely assumed to be a net carbon sink because they experience rapid rates of tree regrowth. Yet this ... ...

    Abstract Logged and structurally degraded tropical forests are fast becoming one of the most prevalent land-use types throughout the tropics and are routinely assumed to be a net carbon sink because they experience rapid rates of tree regrowth. Yet this assumption is based on forest biomass inventories that record carbon stock recovery but fail to account for the simultaneous losses of carbon from soil and necromass. Here, we used forest plots and an eddy covariance tower to quantify and partition net ecosystem CO
    MeSH term(s) Ecosystem ; Carbon ; Tropical Climate ; Biomass ; Atmosphere ; Soil
    Chemical Substances Carbon (7440-44-0) ; Soil
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 209104-5
    ISSN 1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
    ISSN (online) 1091-6490
    ISSN 0027-8424
    DOI 10.1073/pnas.2214462120
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