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  1. Article ; Online: Planetary defense with the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission and prospects.

    Rivkin, Andrew S / Cheng, Andrew F

    Nature communications

    2023  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 1003

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-022-35561-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Near-infrared observations of active asteroid (3200) Phaethon reveal no evidence for hydration.

    Takir, Driss / Kareta, Theodore / Emery, Joshua P / Hanuš, Josef / Reddy, Vishnu / Howell, Ellen S / Rivkin, Andrew S / Arai, Tomoko

    Nature communications

    2020  Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 2050

    Abstract: Asteroid (3200) Phaethon is an active near-Earth asteroid and the parent body of the Geminid Meteor Shower. Because of its small perihelion distance, Phaethon's surface reaches temperatures sufficient to destabilize hydrated materials. We conducted ... ...

    Abstract Asteroid (3200) Phaethon is an active near-Earth asteroid and the parent body of the Geminid Meteor Shower. Because of its small perihelion distance, Phaethon's surface reaches temperatures sufficient to destabilize hydrated materials. We conducted rotationally resolved spectroscopic observations of this asteroid, mostly covering the northern hemisphere and the equatorial region, beyond 2.5-µm to search for evidence of hydration on its surface. Here we show that the observed part of Phaethon does not exhibit the 3-µm hydrated mineral absorption (within 2σ). These observations suggest that Phaethon's modern activity is not due to volatile sublimation or devolatilization of phyllosilicates on its surface. It is possible that the observed part of Phaethon was originally hydrated and has since lost volatiles from its surface via dehydration, supporting its connection to the Pallas family, or it was formed from anhydrous material.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-020-15637-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Detection of ice and organics on an asteroidal surface.

    Rivkin, Andrew S / Emery, Joshua P

    Nature

    2010  Volume 464, Issue 7293, Page(s) 1322–1323

    Abstract: Recent observations, including the discovery in typical asteroidal orbits of objects with cometary characteristics (main-belt comets, or MBCs), have blurred the line between comets and asteroids, although so far neither ice nor organic material has been ... ...

    Abstract Recent observations, including the discovery in typical asteroidal orbits of objects with cometary characteristics (main-belt comets, or MBCs), have blurred the line between comets and asteroids, although so far neither ice nor organic material has been detected on the surface of an asteroid or directly proven to be an asteroidal constituent. Here we report the spectroscopic detection of water ice and organic material on the asteroid 24 Themis, a detection that has been independently confirmed. 24 Themis belongs to the same dynamical family as three of the five known MBCs, and the presence of ice on 24 Themis is strong evidence that it also is present in the MBCs. We conclude that water ice is more common on asteroids than was previously thought and may be widespread in asteroidal interiors at much smaller heliocentric distances than was previously expected.
    MeSH term(s) Extraterrestrial Environment/chemistry ; Ice/analysis ; Minor Planets ; Organic Chemicals/analysis
    Chemical Substances Ice ; Organic Chemicals
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-04-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 120714-3
    ISSN 1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
    ISSN (online) 1476-4687
    ISSN 0028-0836
    DOI 10.1038/nature09028
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Book ; Online: DART Mission Determination of Momentum Transfer

    Cheng, Andrew F. / Stickle, Angela M. / Fahnestock, Eugene G. / Dotto, Elisabetta / Della Corte, Vincenzo / Chabot, Nancy L. / Rivkin, Andrew S.

    Model of Ejecta Plume Observations

    2020  

    Abstract: The NASA Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) spacecraft will impact the secondary member of the [65803] Didymos binary in order to perform the first demonstration of asteroid deflection by kinetic impact. Determination of the momentum transfer to the ...

    Abstract The NASA Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) spacecraft will impact the secondary member of the [65803] Didymos binary in order to perform the first demonstration of asteroid deflection by kinetic impact. Determination of the momentum transfer to the target body from the kinetic impact is a primary planetary defense objective, using ground-based telescopic observations of the orbital period change of Didymos and imaging of the DART impact ejecta plume by the LICIACube cubesat, along with modeling and simulation of the DART impact. LICIACube, contributed by the Italian Space Agency, will perform a flyby of Didymos a few minutes after the DART impact, to resolve the ejecta plume spatial structure and to study the temporal evolution. LICIACube ejecta plume images will help determine the vector momentum transfer from the DART impact, by determining or constraining the direction and the magnitude of the momentum carried by ejecta. A model is developed for the impact ejecta plume optical depth, using a point source scaling model of the DART impact. The model is applied to expected LICIACube plume images and shows how plume images enable characterization of the ejecta mass versus velocity distribution. The ejecta plume structure, as it evolves over time, is determined by the amount of ejecta that has reached a given altitude at a given time. The evolution of the plume optical depth profiles determined from LICIACube images can distinguish between strength-controlled and gravity-controlled impacts, by distinguishing the respective mass versus velocity distributions. LICIACube plume images discriminate the differences in plume structure and evolution that result from different target physical properties, mainly strength and porosity, thereby allowing inference of these properties to improve the determination of momentum transfer.

    Comment: 45 pages, 16 figures. Accepted by Icarus
    Keywords Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
    Subject code 551
    Publishing date 2020-07-30
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article: Near-infrared observations of active asteroid (3200) Phaethon reveal no evidence for hydration

    Takir, Driss / Kareta, Theodore / Emery, Joshua P / Hanus, Josef / Reddy, Vishnu / Howell, Ellen S / Rivkin, Andrew S / Arai, Tomoko

    Nat Commun

    Abstract: Asteroid (3200) Phaethon is an active near-Earth asteroid and the parent body of the Geminid Meteor Shower. Because of its small perihelion distance, Phaethon's surface reaches temperatures sufficient to destabilize hydrated materials. We conducted ... ...

    Abstract Asteroid (3200) Phaethon is an active near-Earth asteroid and the parent body of the Geminid Meteor Shower. Because of its small perihelion distance, Phaethon's surface reaches temperatures sufficient to destabilize hydrated materials. We conducted rotationally resolved spectroscopic observations of this asteroid, mostly covering the northern hemisphere and the equatorial region, beyond 2.5-µm to search for evidence of hydration on its surface. Here we show that the observed part of Phaethon does not exhibit the 3-µm hydrated mineral absorption (within 2σ). These observations suggest that Phaethon's modern activity is not due to volatile sublimation or devolatilization of phyllosilicates on its surface. It is possible that the observed part of Phaethon was originally hydrated and has since lost volatiles from its surface via dehydration, supporting its connection to the Pallas family, or it was formed from anhydrous material.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #32345969
    Database COVID19

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  6. Article ; Online: Orbital period change of Dimorphos due to the DART kinetic impact.

    Thomas, Cristina A / Naidu, Shantanu P / Scheirich, Peter / Moskovitz, Nicholas A / Pravec, Petr / Chesley, Steven R / Rivkin, Andrew S / Osip, David J / Lister, Tim A / Benner, Lance A M / Brozović, Marina / Contreras, Carlos / Morrell, Nidia / Rożek, Agata / Kušnirák, Peter / Hornoch, Kamil / Mages, Declan / Taylor, Patrick A / Seymour, Andrew D /
    Snodgrass, Colin / Jørgensen, Uffe G / Dominik, Martin / Skiff, Brian / Polakis, Tom / Knight, Matthew M / Farnham, Tony L / Giorgini, Jon D / Rush, Brian / Bellerose, Julie / Salas, Pedro / Armentrout, William P / Watts, Galen / Busch, Michael W / Chatelain, Joseph / Gomez, Edward / Greenstreet, Sarah / Phillips, Liz / Bonavita, Mariangela / Burgdorf, Martin J / Khalouei, Elahe / Longa-Peña, Penélope / Rabus, Markus / Sajadian, Sedighe / Chabot, Nancy L / Cheng, Andrew F / Ryan, William H / Ryan, Eileen V / Holt, Carrie E / Agrusa, Harrison F

    Nature

    2023  Volume 616, Issue 7957, Page(s) 448–451

    Abstract: The Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) spacecraft successfully performed the first test of a kinetic impactor for asteroid deflection by impacting Dimorphos, the secondary of near-Earth binary asteroid (65803) Didymos, and changing the orbital ... ...

    Abstract The Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) spacecraft successfully performed the first test of a kinetic impactor for asteroid deflection by impacting Dimorphos, the secondary of near-Earth binary asteroid (65803) Didymos, and changing the orbital period of Dimorphos. A change in orbital period of approximately 7 min was expected if the incident momentum from the DART spacecraft was directly transferred to the asteroid target in a perfectly inelastic collision
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 120714-3
    ISSN 1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
    ISSN (online) 1476-4687
    ISSN 0028-0836
    DOI 10.1038/s41586-023-05805-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Momentum transfer from the DART mission kinetic impact on asteroid Dimorphos.

    Cheng, Andrew F / Agrusa, Harrison F / Barbee, Brent W / Meyer, Alex J / Farnham, Tony L / Raducan, Sabina D / Richardson, Derek C / Dotto, Elisabetta / Zinzi, Angelo / Della Corte, Vincenzo / Statler, Thomas S / Chesley, Steven / Naidu, Shantanu P / Hirabayashi, Masatoshi / Li, Jian-Yang / Eggl, Siegfried / Barnouin, Olivier S / Chabot, Nancy L / Chocron, Sidney /
    Collins, Gareth S / Daly, R Terik / Davison, Thomas M / DeCoster, Mallory E / Ernst, Carolyn M / Ferrari, Fabio / Graninger, Dawn M / Jacobson, Seth A / Jutzi, Martin / Kumamoto, Kathryn M / Luther, Robert / Lyzhoft, Joshua R / Michel, Patrick / Murdoch, Naomi / Nakano, Ryota / Palmer, Eric / Rivkin, Andrew S / Scheeres, Daniel J / Stickle, Angela M / Sunshine, Jessica M / Trigo-Rodriguez, Josep M / Vincent, Jean-Baptiste / Walker, James D / Wünnemann, Kai / Zhang, Yun / Amoroso, Marilena / Bertini, Ivano / Brucato, John R / Capannolo, Andrea / Cremonese, Gabriele / Dall'Ora, Massimo / Deshapriya, Prasanna J D / Gai, Igor / Hasselmann, Pedro H / Ieva, Simone / Impresario, Gabriele / Ivanovski, Stavro L / Lavagna, Michèle / Lucchetti, Alice / Epifani, Elena M / Modenini, Dario / Pajola, Maurizio / Palumbo, Pasquale / Perna, Davide / Pirrotta, Simone / Poggiali, Giovanni / Rossi, Alessandro / Tortora, Paolo / Zannoni, Marco / Zanotti, Giovanni

    Nature

    2023  Volume 616, Issue 7957, Page(s) 457–460

    Abstract: The NASA Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission performed a kinetic impact on asteroid Dimorphos, the satellite of the binary asteroid (65803) Didymos, at 23:14 UTC on 26 September 2022 as a planetary defence ... ...

    Abstract The NASA Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission performed a kinetic impact on asteroid Dimorphos, the satellite of the binary asteroid (65803) Didymos, at 23:14 UTC on 26 September 2022 as a planetary defence test
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 120714-3
    ISSN 1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
    ISSN (online) 1476-4687
    ISSN 0028-0836
    DOI 10.1038/s41586-023-05878-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Ejecta from the DART-produced active asteroid Dimorphos.

    Li, Jian-Yang / Hirabayashi, Masatoshi / Farnham, Tony L / Sunshine, Jessica M / Knight, Matthew M / Tancredi, Gonzalo / Moreno, Fernando / Murphy, Brian / Opitom, Cyrielle / Chesley, Steve / Scheeres, Daniel J / Thomas, Cristina A / Fahnestock, Eugene G / Cheng, Andrew F / Dressel, Linda / Ernst, Carolyn M / Ferrari, Fabio / Fitzsimmons, Alan / Ieva, Simone /
    Ivanovski, Stavro L / Kareta, Theodore / Kolokolova, Ludmilla / Lister, Tim / Raducan, Sabina D / Rivkin, Andrew S / Rossi, Alessandro / Soldini, Stefania / Stickle, Angela M / Vick, Alison / Vincent, Jean-Baptiste / Weaver, Harold A / Bagnulo, Stefano / Bannister, Michele T / Cambioni, Saverio / Campo Bagatin, Adriano / Chabot, Nancy L / Cremonese, Gabriele / Daly, R Terik / Dotto, Elisabetta / Glenar, David A / Granvik, Mikael / Hasselmann, Pedro H / Herreros, Isabel / Jacobson, Seth / Jutzi, Martin / Kohout, Tomas / La Forgia, Fiorangela / Lazzarin, Monica / Lin, Zhong-Yi / Lolachi, Ramin / Lucchetti, Alice / Makadia, Rahil / Mazzotta Epifani, Elena / Michel, Patrick / Migliorini, Alessandra / Moskovitz, Nicholas A / Ormö, Jens / Pajola, Maurizio / Sánchez, Paul / Schwartz, Stephen R / Snodgrass, Colin / Steckloff, Jordan / Stubbs, Timothy J / Trigo-Rodríguez, Josep M

    Nature

    2023  Volume 616, Issue 7957, Page(s) 452–456

    Abstract: Some active asteroids have been proposed to be formed as a result of impact ... ...

    Abstract Some active asteroids have been proposed to be formed as a result of impact events
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 120714-3
    ISSN 1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
    ISSN (online) 1476-4687
    ISSN 0028-0836
    DOI 10.1038/s41586-023-05811-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Book ; Online: Momentum Transfer from the DART Mission Kinetic Impact on Asteroid Dimorphos

    Cheng, Andrew F. / Agrusa, Harrison F. / Barbee, Brent W. / Meyer, Alex J. / Farnham, Tony L. / Raducan, Sabina D. / Richardson, Derek C. / Dotto, Elisabetta / Zinzi, Angelo / Della Corte, Vincenzo / Statler, Thomas S. / Chesley, Steven / Naidu, Shantanu P. / Hirabayashi, Masatoshi / Li, Jian-Yang / Eggl, Siegfried / Barnouin, Olivier S. / Chabot, Nancy L. / Chocron, Sidney /
    Collins, Gareth S. / Daly, R. Terik / Davison, Thomas M. / DeCoster, Mallory E. / Ernst, Carolyn M. / Ferrari, Fabio / Graninger, Dawn M. / Jacobson, Seth A. / Jutzi, Martin / Kumamoto, Kathryn M. / Luther, Robert / Lyzhoft, Joshua R. / Michel, Patrick / Murdoch, Naomi / Nakano, Ryota / Palmer, Eric / Rivkin, Andrew S. / Scheeres, Daniel J. / Stickle, Angela M. / Sunshine, Jessica M. / Trigo-Rodriguez, Josep M. / Vincent, Jean-Baptiste / Walker, James D. / Wünnemann, Kai / Zhang, Yun / Amoroso, Marilena / Bertini, Ivano / Brucato, John R. / Capannolo, Andrea / Cremonese, Gabriele / Dall'Ora, Massimo

    2023  

    Abstract: The NASA Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission performed a kinetic impact on asteroid Dimorphos, the satellite of the binary asteroid (65803) Didymos, at 23:14 UTC on September 26, 2022 as a planetary defense test. DART was the first ... ...

    Abstract The NASA Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission performed a kinetic impact on asteroid Dimorphos, the satellite of the binary asteroid (65803) Didymos, at 23:14 UTC on September 26, 2022 as a planetary defense test. DART was the first hypervelocity impact experiment on an asteroid at size and velocity scales relevant to planetary defense, intended to validate kinetic impact as a means of asteroid deflection. Here we report the first determination of the momentum transferred to an asteroid by kinetic impact. Based on the change in the binary orbit period, we find an instantaneous reduction in Dimorphos's along-track orbital velocity component of 2.70 +/- 0.10 mm/s, indicating enhanced momentum transfer due to recoil from ejecta streams produced by the impact. For a Dimorphos bulk density range of 1,500 to 3,300 kg/m$^3$, we find that the expected value of the momentum enhancement factor, $\beta$, ranges between 2.2 and 4.9, depending on the mass of Dimorphos. If Dimorphos and Didymos are assumed to have equal densities of 2,400 kg/m$^3$, $\beta$= 3.61 +0.19/-0.25 (1 $\sigma$). These $\beta$ values indicate that significantly more momentum was transferred to Dimorphos from the escaping impact ejecta than was incident with DART. Therefore, the DART kinetic impact was highly effective in deflecting the asteroid Dimorphos.

    Comment: accepted by Nature
    Keywords Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
    Subject code 306
    Publishing date 2023-03-06
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Book ; Online: Successful Kinetic Impact into an Asteroid for Planetary Defense

    Daly, R. Terik / Ernst, Carolyn M. / Barnouin, Olivier S. / Chabot, Nancy L. / Rivkin, Andrew S. / Cheng, Andrew F. / Adams, Elena Y. / Agrusa, Harrison F. / Abel, Elisabeth D. / Alford, Amy L. / Asphaug, Erik I. / Atchison, Justin A. / Badger, Andrew R. / Baki, Paul / Ballouz, Ronald-L. / Bekker, Dmitriy L. / Bellerose, Julie / Bhaskaran, Shyam / Buratti, Bonnie J. /
    Cambioni, Saverio / Chen, Michelle H. / Chesley, Steven R. / Chiu, George / Collins, Gareth S. / Cox, Matthew W. / DeCoster, Mallory E. / Ericksen, Peter S. / Espiritu, Raymond C. / Faber, Alan S. / Farnham, Tony L. / Ferrari, Fabio / Fletcher, Zachary J. / Gaskell, Robert W. / Graninger, Dawn M. / Haque, Musad A. / Harrington-Duff, Patricia A. / Hefter, Sarah / Herreros, Isabel / Hirabayashi, Masatoshi / Huang, Philip M. / Hsieh, Syau-Yun W. / Jacobson, Seth A. / Jenkins, Stephen N. / Jensenius, Mark A. / John, Jeremy W. / Jutzi, Martin / Kohout, Tomas / Krueger, Timothy O. / Laipert, Frank E. / Lopez, Norberto R.

    2023  

    Abstract: While no known asteroid poses a threat to Earth for at least the next century, the catalog of near-Earth asteroids is incomplete for objects whose impacts would produce regional devastation. Several approaches have been proposed to potentially prevent an ...

    Abstract While no known asteroid poses a threat to Earth for at least the next century, the catalog of near-Earth asteroids is incomplete for objects whose impacts would produce regional devastation. Several approaches have been proposed to potentially prevent an asteroid impact with Earth by deflecting or disrupting an asteroid. A test of kinetic impact technology was identified as the highest priority space mission related to asteroid mitigation. NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission is the first full-scale test of kinetic impact technology. The mission's target asteroid was Dimorphos, the secondary member of the S-type binary near-Earth asteroid (65803) Didymos. This binary asteroid system was chosen to enable ground-based telescopes to quantify the asteroid deflection caused by DART's impact. While past missions have utilized impactors to investigate the properties of small bodies those earlier missions were not intended to deflect their targets and did not achieve measurable deflections. Here we report the DART spacecraft's autonomous kinetic impact into Dimorphos and reconstruct the impact event, including the timeline leading to impact, the location and nature of the DART impact site, and the size and shape of Dimorphos. The successful impact of the DART spacecraft with Dimorphos and the resulting change in Dimorphos's orbit demonstrates that kinetic impactor technology is a viable technique to potentially defend Earth if necessary.

    Comment: Accepted by Nature
    Keywords Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
    Subject code 306
    Publishing date 2023-03-03
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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