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Book ; Thesis: Entwicklung und Anwendung analytischer Verfahren zum Biomonitoring von polyzyklischen aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen

Roßbach, Bernd

(Analytische Chemie)

2003

Author's details	vorgelegt von Bernd Roßbach
Series title	Analytische Chemie
Keywords	Kokerei ; Berufskrankheit ; Polycyclische Aromaten ; Carcinogen ; Biomonitoring
Subject	Biological monitoring ; Cancerogen ; Karzinogen ; Kanzerogener Stoff ; Karzinogener Stoff ; Krebserregender Stoff ; Krebserzeugender Stoff ; Carcinogene ; Karzinogene ; Krebserregende Stoffe ; Kondensierte Aromaten ; Aromatische Polycyclen ; Mehrkernige Aromaten ; PAK ; PAH ; Polycyclische aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe ; Polyzyklische aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe ; Polyzyklische Aromaten ; Arbeitsbedingte Krankheit ; Berufskrankheiten
Language	German
Size	VII, 167 S. : graph. Darst., 21 cm, 252 gr.
Publisher	Verl. Dr. Hut
Publishing place	München
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Book ; Thesis
Thesis / German Habilitation thesis	Zugl., Erlangen, Nürnberg, Univ., Diss., 2002
HBZ-ID	HT014553506
ISBN	3-89963-005-X ; 978-3-89963-005-3
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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Article: 1‐ und 2‐Brompropan – Bestimmung von 1‐ und 2‐Brompropan in Urin mittels dynamischer Headspace‐GC/MS : Biomonitoring Methods in German language, 2019

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Ständige Senatskommission zur Prüfung Gesundheitsschädlicher Arbeitsstoffe / Roßbach, Bernd / Rißler, Eleonore / Budnik, Lygia Therese / Finger, Susanne / Göen, Thomas / Hartwig, Andrea / MAK Commission

The MAK collection for occupational health and safety, 4(1):353-373

2019

Abstract: The working group “Analyses in Biological Materials” of the Permanent Senate Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area verified the presented biomonitoring method. The analytical method described herein ... ...

Institution	Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Ständige Senatskommission zur Prüfung Gesundheitsschädlicher Arbeitsstoffe
Abstract	The working group “Analyses in Biological Materials” of the Permanent Senate Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area verified the presented biomonitoring method. The analytical method described herein permits the sensitive determination of both unmetabolised 1‐bromopropane and 2‐bromopropane in urine. Prior to the determination using GC‐MS in the Single‐Ion‐Mode (SIM), the analytes are extracted and enriched using Headspace Solid Phase Dynamic Extraction (SPDE). To this end, the urine samples are incubated at 50 °C and the analytes are extracted from the gas phase using SPDE. The headspace extract is then injected into the gas chomatograph for separation and mass spectrometric analysis. Calibration standards are prepared in urine and processed in the same way as the samples to be analysed. Deuterated benzene is used as the internal standard (IS).
Keywords	1-Brompropan ; 2-Brompropan ; Analysen in biologischem Material ; Biomonitoring ; Biomonitoring-Methoden ; Biomonitoring Methods ; GC-MS ; Gaschromatographie-Massenspektrometrie ; HS-SPDE ; Headspace-Solid Phase Dynamic Extraction ; Urin
Language	German
Document type	Article
DOI	10.4126/FRL01-006455372
Database	Repository for Life Sciences

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Article: 1‐Bromopropane and 2‐bromopropane – Determination of 1‐bromopropane and 2‐bromopropane in urine by dynamic headspace GC/MS : Biomonitoring Methods, 2019

The MAK collection for occupational health and safety, 4(1):317-336

2019

Institution	Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Ständige Senatskommission zur Prüfung Gesundheitsschädlicher Arbeitsstoffe
Abstract	The working group “Analyses in Biological Materials” of the Permanent Senate Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area verified the presented biomonitoring method. The analytical method described herein permits the sensitive determination of both unmetabolised 1‐bromopropane and 2‐bromopropane in urine. Prior to the determination using GC‐MS in the Single‐Ion‐Mode (SIM), the analytes are extracted and enriched using Headspace Solid Phase Dynamic Extraction (SPDE). To this end, the urine samples are incubated at 50 °C and the analytes are extracted from the gas phase using SPDE. The headspace extract is then injected into the gas chomatograph for separation and mass spectrometric analysis. Calibration standards are prepared in urine and processed in the same way as the samples to be analysed. Deuterated benzene is used as the internal standard (IS).
Keywords	1-bromopropane ; 2-bromopropane ; Analyses in Biological Materials ; Biomonitoring-Methoden ; Biomonitoring Methods ; GC-MS ; HS-SPDE ; biomonitoring ; gas chromatography mass spectrometry ; headspace-solid phase dynamic extraction ; urine
Language	English
Document type	Article
DOI	10.4126/FRL01-006455376
Database	Repository for Life Sciences

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Article: Copper and its inorganic compounds : BAT Value Documentation, 2017

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Ständige Senatskommission zur Prüfung Gesundheitsschädlicher Arbeitsstoffe / Letzel, Stephan / Roßbach, Bernd / Drexler, Hans / Hartwig, Andrea / MAK Commission

The MAK collection for occupational health and safety, 3(1):244-257

2018

Abstract: The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has evaluated copper (CAS No 7440‐50‐8) in 2016. Due to the homeostatic regulation of copper there is no correlation between copper exposure in air and ... ...

Institution	Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Ständige Senatskommission zur Prüfung Gesundheitsschädlicher Arbeitsstoffe
Abstract	The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has evaluated copper (CAS No 7440‐50‐8) in 2016. Due to the homeostatic regulation of copper there is no correlation between copper exposure in air and copper in blood or urine. Neither increased inhalation exposure higher than the MAK value of 0.01 mg copper/m3 nor increased oral supply lead to an increase of copper in blood or urine, even if first signs of exposure such as increased C‐reactive protein (CRP) are observed. An additional occupational burden cannot be differentiated from physiological levels of copper. Therefore, the evaluation of a biological tolerance value (BAT value) and a biological reference value (“Biologischer Arbeitsstoff‐Referenzwert” (BAR)) for copper and its inorganic compounds is not indicated.
Keywords	Assessment Values in Biological Material ; BAR („biologischer Arbeitsstoff-Referenzwert“) ; BAT value ; Beurteilungswerte in biologischem Material ; copper ; copper(I) chloride ; copper(II) acetate ; copper(II) carbonate ; copper(II) chloride ; copper(II) hydroxide ; copper(II) nitrate ; copper(II) oxide ; copper(II) oxysulfate ; copper(II) sulfate ; copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate ; biological tolerance value ; occupational exposure ; toxicity
Language	English
Document type	Article
DOI	10.4126/FRL01-006455012
Database	Repository for Life Sciences

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Article: Benzol, Toluol, o‐Xylol, m‐Xylol, p‐Xylol, Ethylbenzol, Styrol und iso‐Propylbenzol (Cumol) – Bestimmung von Aromaten in Urin mittels dynamischer Headspace‐GC‐MS : Biomonitoring Methods in German language, 2018

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Ständige Senatskommission zur Prüfung Gesundheitsschädlicher Arbeitsstoffe / Van Pul, Jan / Roßbach, Bernd / Göen, Thomas / Hartwig, Andrea / MAK Commission

The MAK collection for occupational health and safety, 3(3):1705-1729

2018

Abstract: The working group „Analyses in Biological Materials“ of the Permanent Senate Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area verified the presented biomonitoring method. The analytical method described ... ...

Institution	Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Ständige Senatskommission zur Prüfung Gesundheitsschädlicher Arbeitsstoffe
Abstract	The working group „Analyses in Biological Materials“ of the Permanent Senate Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area verified the presented biomonitoring method. The analytical method described hereinafter permits the simultaneous determination of the following unmetabolised aromatic compounds in urine: benzene, toluene, o‐xylene, m‐xylene, p‐xylene, ethylbenzene, styrene and isopropylbenzene (cumene). Prior to the determination of the analytes by GC‐MS, the analytes are extracted and enriched using ITEX (In Tube Extraction) or SPDE (Solid Phase Dynamic Extraction). To this end, the urine samples are incubated at 50 °C, the analytes extracted from the gas phase and then the enriched analytes are transferred to the gas chromatograph and analysed using mass spectrometry. Calibration standards are prepared in water and processed in the same way as the samples to be analysed. Deuterated benzene is used as internal standard. The method was extensively validated and the reliability data were confirmed by an independent laboratory, which has established and cross‐checked the whole procedure.
Keywords	108-88-3 ; 100-41-4 ; 100-42-5 ; 71-43-2 ; Cumol ; Analysen in biologischem Material ; Aromaten ; Benzol ; Biomonitoring ; Biomonitoring-Methoden ; Biomonitoring Methods ; Ethylbenzol ; HS-GC-MS ; Headspace-Gaschromatographie-Massenspektrometrie ; ITEX ; Isopropylbenzol ; SPDE ; Styrol ; Toluol ; Urin ; m-Xylol ; o-Xylol ; p-Xylol
Language	German
Document type	Article
DOI	10.4126/FRL01-006455702
Database	Repository for Life Sciences

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Article: Benzene, toluene, o‐xylene, m‐xylene, p‐xylene, ethylbenzene, styrene, isopropylbenzene (cumene) – Determination of aromatic compounds in urine by dynamic headspace GC‐MS : Biomonitoring Methods, 2018

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Ständige Senatskommission zur Prüfung Gesundheitsschädlicher Arbeitsstoffe / Van Pul, Jan / Roßbach, Bernd / Göen, Thomas / Hartwig, Andrea / MAK Commission

The MAK collection for occupational health and safety, 3(3):1663-1686

2018

Institution	Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Ständige Senatskommission zur Prüfung Gesundheitsschädlicher Arbeitsstoffe
Abstract	The working group „Analyses in Biological Materials“ of the Permanent Senate Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area verified the presented biomonitoring method. The analytical method described hereinafter permits the simultaneous determination of the following unmetabolised aromatic compounds in urine: benzene, toluene, o‐xylene, m‐xylene, p‐xylene, ethylbenzene, styrene and isopropylbenzene (cumene). Prior to the determination of the analytes by GC‐MS, the analytes are extracted and enriched using ITEX (In Tube Extraction) or SPDE (Solid Phase Dynamic Extraction). To this end, the urine samples are incubated at 50 °C, the analytes extracted from the gas phase and then the enriched analytes are transferred to the gas chromatograph and analysed using mass spectrometry. Calibration standards are prepared in water and processed in the same way as the samples to be analysed. Deuterated benzene is used as internal standard. The method was extensively validated and the reliability data were confirmed by an independent laboratory, which has established and cross‐checked the whole procedure.
Keywords	100-41-4 ; 100-42-5 ; 71-43-2 ; Analyses in Biological Materials ; Biomonitoring-Methoden ; Biomonitoring Methods ; HS-GC-MS ; ITEX ; SPDE ; cumene ; aromatic compounds ; benzene ; biomonitoring ; ethylbenzene ; headspace-gas chromatography mass spectrometry ; iso-propylbenzene ; m-xylene ; o-xylene ; styrene ; p-xylene ; toluene ; urine
Language	English
Document type	Article
DOI	10.4126/FRL01-006455710
Database	Repository for Life Sciences

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Article: Addendum to Aluminium : BAT value documentation, 2019

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Ständige Senatskommission zur Prüfung Gesundheitsschädlicher Arbeitsstoffe / Klotz, Katrin / Meyer‐Baron, Monika / van Thriel, Christoph / Pallapies, Dirk / Nasterlack, Michael / Letzel, Stephan / Roßbach, Bernd / Triebig, Gerhard / Weistenhöfer, Wobbeke / Drexler, Hans / Hartwig, Andrea / MAK Commission

The MAK collection for occupational health and safety, 4(4):2279-2311

2019

Abstract: In 2017, the German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has re‐evaluated the biological tolerance value (BAT value) for aluminium [7429‐90‐5]. Available publications are described in detail. The BAT ... ...

Institution	Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Ständige Senatskommission zur Prüfung Gesundheitsschädlicher Arbeitsstoffe
Abstract	In 2017, the German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has re‐evaluated the biological tolerance value (BAT value) for aluminium [7429‐90‐5]. Available publications are described in detail. The BAT value of 60 µg aluminium/g creatinine evaluated in 2009 was based on the linear correlation between external and internal exposure. The aim of this re‐evaluation was the derivation of a health‐based BAT value considering the most sensitive critical effect of aluminium, the neurotoxicity. For this purpose, the available studies of aluminium‐exposed workers were taken into account, when the internal aluminium exposure as well as the occurrence of subclinical neurotoxic effects were determined. The effects had been measured with standardised neuropsychological test procedures. From these studies, a no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of 50 µg/g creatinine for the occurrence of subtle neurotoxic effects of humans was estimated. Therefore, a BAT value of 50 µg aluminium/g creatinine was evaluated. Sampling time for long‐term exposures is at the end of the shift after several shifts.
Keywords	Assessment Values in Biological Material ; BAT value ; Beurteilungswerte in biologischem Material ; aluminium ; biological tolerance value ; occupational exposure ; toxicity
Language	English
Document type	Article
DOI	10.4126/FRL01-006454873
Database	Repository for Life Sciences

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Article ; Online: Urine tropenol ester levels in workers handling tiotropium bromide synthesis: implications for exposure prevention and biomonitoring.

Muttray, Axel / Schneider, Michael / Roßbach, Bernd

Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju

2019 Volume 70, Issue 2, Page(s) 118–122

Abstract: Tropenol ester is a highly toxic anticholinergic substance and an intermediate used in industrial production of the bronchodilator tiotropium bromide. The aim of this study was to systematically test workers involved in its production for tropenol ester ... ...

Abstract	Tropenol ester is a highly toxic anticholinergic substance and an intermediate used in industrial production of the bronchodilator tiotropium bromide. The aim of this study was to systematically test workers involved in its production for tropenol ester in urine to identify any exposure pathways and define additional preventive measures. Twelve workers performing tasks involving potential exposure to tropenol ester were repeatedly monitored at the end of each production cycle. Medical exams revealed no symptoms of acute poisoning with tropenol ester, but biological monitoring of urine showed 36 positive findings in 79 samples, with tropenol ester concentrations ranging between the detection limit of 54 pg/mL and 2160 pg/mL. We managed to establish the cause of only one positive finding, which was a hole in a protective glove, whereas the rest most likely occurred due to human error. Because of this, the plant decided to modify the production process by replacing tropenol ester with a safer intermediate. While it is the safest course of action, there where it cannot be taken, biological monitoring can be very helpful in raising awareness about exposure to toxic substances, including the new ones that have not been studied for their adverse potential.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Biological Monitoring/methods ; Cholinergic Antagonists/urine ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Exposure/analysis ; Tiotropium Bromide/urine ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Cholinergic Antagonists ; Tiotropium Bromide (XX112XZP0J)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-19
Publishing country	Croatia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	127289-5
ISSN	1848-6312 ; 0004-1254
ISSN (online)	1848-6312
ISSN	0004-1254
DOI	10.2478/aiht-2019-70-3206
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Internal exposure of firefighting instructors to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) during live fire training.

Rossbach, Bernd / Wollschläger, Daniel / Letzel, Stephan / Gottschalk, Wolfgang / Muttray, Axel

Toxicology letters

2020 Volume 331, Page(s) 102–111

Abstract: Firefighting instructors in live fire training are inevitably exposed to emissions containing, carcinogenic PAH. The study investigated PAH uptake in a group of firefighting instructors during short-term exposure in live fire training by urinary ... ...

Abstract	Firefighting instructors in live fire training are inevitably exposed to emissions containing, carcinogenic PAH. The study investigated PAH uptake in a group of firefighting instructors during short-term exposure in live fire training by urinary biomonitoring. Six firefighting instructors (non-smokers) completed five 2 h-training sessions each in a carbonaceous-fired simulation unit using self-containing breathing apparatuses (SCBA). Complying with a minimum time interval of six days between the individual training sessions, the participants provided urine samples before and immediately after, as well as 1, 3, 6, 9, 11, and 18 h after each training session. Samples were analyzed for 10 mono-hydroxylated metabolites of the PAH naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene and pyrene using gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. A significant effect of the training sessions on the time course of internal exposure was found (p < 0.0001). The concentration of all parameters clearly increased at the latest 3 h after end of training. After peaking, the concentrations dropped with half-lives between 3.5 and 9.3 h but did not reach the initial levels within 18 h again. Compared to pre-training levels, the increase in metabolite excretion was between 546-933 %. During peak excretion reference values for hydroxynaphthalene (35 μg/L, sum of 1- and 2-isomer) and 1-hydroxypyrene (0.30 μg/L) were exceeded in 64 % (maximum: 381.3 μg/L) and 73 % of the samples (maximum: 1.88 μg/g crea.), respectively. Live fire training is associated with an additional uptake of PAH. Due to the consequent use of SCBA, dermal absorption is assumed as major exposure route. Further measures to reduce PAH exposure should be considered, in particular since higher internal loads caused by accumulation effects are to be expected with daily or more frequent training.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Air Pollutants, Occupational/urine ; Environmental Monitoring ; Firefighters/education ; Fires ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Exposure/analysis ; Occupational Exposure/prevention & control ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/urine ; Respiratory Protective Devices ; Skin/drug effects ; Skin/metabolism ; Skin Absorption ; Teaching
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants, Occupational ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-25
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	433788-8
ISSN	1879-3169 ; 0378-4274
ISSN (online)	1879-3169
ISSN	0378-4274
DOI	10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.05.024
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Addendum zu Aluminium : BAT Value Documentation in German language, 2018

The MAK collection for occupational health and safety, 3(4):2054-2088

2018

Abstract: The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has re‐evaluated the biological tolerance value (BAT value) for aluminium [CAS No. 7429‐90‐5] in 2017. Available publications are described in detail. ... ...

Institution	Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Ständige Senatskommission zur Prüfung Gesundheitsschädlicher Arbeitsstoffe
Abstract	The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has re‐evaluated the biological tolerance value (BAT value) for aluminium [CAS No. 7429‐90‐5] in 2017. Available publications are described in detail. The BAT value of 60 µg aluminium/g creatinine evaluated in 2009 was based on the linear correlation between external and internal exposure. Aim of this re‐evaluation was the derivation of a health‐based BAT value considering the most sensitive critical effect of aluminium, the neurotoxicity. For this purpose, the available studies of aluminium‐exposed workers were taken into account, when the internal aluminium exposure as well as the occurrence of subclinical neurotoxic effects were determined. The effects had been measured with standardised neuropsychological test procedures. From these studies, a no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of 50 µg/g creatinine for the occurrence of subtle neurotoxic effects of humans was estimated. Therefore, a BAT value of 50 µg aluminium/g creatinine was evaluated. Sampling time for long‐term exposures is at the end of the shift after several shifts.
Keywords	7429-90-5 ; Aluminium ; Arbeitsstoff ; Assessment Values in Biological Material ; BAT-Wert ; Beurteilungswerte in biologischem Material ; Toxizität ; biologischer Toleranzwert
Language	German
Document type	Article
DOI	10.4126/FRL01-006454865
Database	Repository for Life Sciences

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