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Article ; Online: Lyapunov vectors and excited energy states of the directed polymer in random media.

Rodríguez-Fernández, Enrique / López, Juan M

2024 Volume 109, Issue 1, Page(s) L012102

Abstract: The scaling behavior of the excited energy states of the directed polymer in random media is analyzed numerically. We find that the spatial correlations of polymer energies scale as ∼k^{-δ} for small enough wave numbers k with a nontrivial exponent δ≈1.3. ...

Abstract	The scaling behavior of the excited energy states of the directed polymer in random media is analyzed numerically. We find that the spatial correlations of polymer energies scale as ∼k^{-δ} for small enough wave numbers k with a nontrivial exponent δ≈1.3. The equivalence between the stochastic-field equation that describes the partition function of the directed polymer and that governing the time evolution of infinitesimal perturbations in space-time chaos is exploited to connect this exponent δ with the spatial correlations of the Lyapunov vectors reported in the literature. The relevance of our results for other problems involving optimization in random systems is discussed.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2844562-4
ISSN	2470-0053 ; 2470-0045
ISSN (online)	2470-0053
ISSN	2470-0045
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevE.109.L012102
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Book ; Online: Transition between chaotic and stochastic universality classes of kinetic roughening

Rodriguez-Fernandez, E. / Cuerno, R

2020

Abstract: The dynamics of non-equilibrium spatially extended systems are often dominated by fluctuations, due to e.g.\ deterministic chaos or to intrinsic stochasticity. This reflects into generic scale invariant or kinetic roughening behavior that can be ... ...

Abstract	The dynamics of non-equilibrium spatially extended systems are often dominated by fluctuations, due to e.g.\ deterministic chaos or to intrinsic stochasticity. This reflects into generic scale invariant or kinetic roughening behavior that can be classified into universality classes defined by critical exponent values and by the probability distribution function (PDF) of field fluctuations. Suitable geometrical constraints are known to change secondary features of the PDF while keeping the values of the exponents unchanged, inducing universality subclasses. Working on the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation as a paradigm of spatiotemporal chaos, we show that the physical nature of the prevailing fluctuations (chaotic or stochastic) can also change the universality class while respecting the exponent values, as the PDF is substantially altered. This transition takes place at a non-zero value of the stochastic noise amplitude and may be suitable for experimental verification. Comment: 12 pages, 9 figures, submitted
Keywords	Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics ; Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics
Subject code	612
Publishing date	2020-09-24
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
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Article ; Online: Prevalence and management of urinary incontinece after pelvic organ prolapse surgery (sacrocolpopexy). A literature review.

Polanco Pujol, L / Caño Velasco, J / Rodríguez Fernández, E / Cancho Gil, M J / Lledó García, E / López-Fando Lavalle, L / Hernández Fernández, C

Actas urologicas espanolas

2024

Abstract: Introduction: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is frequently associated with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and may occur after its surgical treatment.: Aim: To determine the incidence, risk factors and management of SUI during and after POP surgery ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is frequently associated with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and may occur after its surgical treatment. Aim: To determine the incidence, risk factors and management of SUI during and after POP surgery through a review of the available literature. Materials and method: Narrative literature review on the incidence and management of SUI after POP surgery after search of relevant manuscripts indexed in PubMed, EMBASE and Scielo published in Spanish and English between 2013 and 2023. Results: Occult SUI is defined as visible urine leakage when prolapse is reduced in patients without SUI symptoms. De novo SUI develops after prolapse surgery without having previously existed. In continent patients, the number needed to treat (NNT) to prevent one case of de novo SUI is estimated to be 9 patients and about 17 to avoid repeat incontinence surgery. In patients with occult UI, the NNT to avoid repeat incontinence surgery is around 7. Patients with POP and concomitant SUI are the group most likely to benefit from combined surgery with a more favorable NNT (NNT 2). Conclusion: Quality studies on combined surgery for treatment SUI and POP repair are lacking. Continent patients with prolapse should be warned of the risk of de novo SUI, although concomitant incontinence treatment is not currently recommended. Incontinence surgery should be considered on an individual basis in patients with prolapse and SUI.
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2024-02-16
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2173-5786
ISSN (online)	2173-5786
DOI	10.1016/j.acuroe.2024.02.008
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Book ; Online: Is there a tensionless Kardar-Parisi-Zhang universality class above one dimension? An Ising model approach

Rodriguez-Fernandez, E. / Santalla, S. N. / Castro, M. / Cuerno, R.

2022

Abstract: The Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation is a paradigm of generic scale invariance, for which it represents a conspicuous universality class. Recently, the tensionless case of this equation has been shown to provide a different universality class by itself. ...

Abstract	The Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation is a paradigm of generic scale invariance, for which it represents a conspicuous universality class. Recently, the tensionless case of this equation has been shown to provide a different universality class by itself. This class describes the -- intrinsically anomalous -- scaling of one-dimensional (1D) fronts for several physical systems that feature ballistic dynamics. In this work, we show that the evolution of certain 1D fronts defined for a 2D Ising system also belongs to the tensionless KPZ universality class. Nevertheless, the Ising fronts exhibit multiscaling, at variance with the continuous equation. The discrete nature of these fronts provides an alternative approach to assess the dynamics for the 2D front case (for a 3D Ising system), since the direct integration of the tensionless KPZ equation blows up in this case. In spite of the agreement between the 1D scaling of the Ising fronts and the tensionless KPZ equation, the fluctuation statistics in 1D and the full behavior in 2D are strongly conditioned by boundary effects. Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures
Keywords	Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Subject code	612
Publishing date	2022-08-01
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
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Book ; Online: The derivative of the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation is not in the KPZ universality class

Rodriguez-Fernandez, E. / Cuerno, R.

2019

Abstract: The Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation is a paradigmatic model of nonequilibrium low-dimensional systems with spatiotemporal scale invariance, recently highlighting universal behavior in fluctuation statistics. Its space derivative, namely the noisy ... ...

Abstract	The Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation is a paradigmatic model of nonequilibrium low-dimensional systems with spatiotemporal scale invariance, recently highlighting universal behavior in fluctuation statistics. Its space derivative, namely the noisy Burgers equation, has played a very important role in its study, predating the formulation of the KPZ equation proper, and being frequently held as an equivalent system. We show that, while differences in the scaling exponents for the two equations are indeed due to a mere space derivative, the fluctuations behave in a remarkably different way: while KPZ displays Tracy-Widom statistics, its derivative displays Gaussian behavior, hence being in a different universality class. We reach this conclusion via direct numerical simulations of the equations, supported by a dynamic renormalization group analysis of field statistics. Comment: 13 pages, 11 figures
Keywords	Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics ; Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks ; Nonlinear Sciences - Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems ; Physics - Data Analysis ; Statistics and Probability
Subject code	612
Publishing date	2019-04-30
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Non-KPZ fluctuations in the derivative of the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation or noisy Burgers equation.

Rodríguez-Fernández, Enrique / Cuerno, Rodolfo

Physical review. E

2020 Volume 101, Issue 5-1, Page(s) 52126

Abstract	The Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation is a paradigmatic model of nonequilibrium low-dimensional systems with spatiotemporal scale invariance, recently highlighting universal behavior in fluctuation statistics. Its space derivative, namely the noisy Burgers equation, has played a very important role in its study, predating the formulation of the KPZ equation proper, and being frequently held as an equivalent system. We show that, while differences in the scaling exponents for the two equations are indeed due to a mere space derivative, the field statistics behave in a remarkably different way: while the KPZ equation follows the Tracy-Widom distribution, its derivative displays Gaussian behavior, hence being in a different universality class. We reach this conclusion via direct numerical simulations of the equations, supported by a dynamic renormalization group study of field statistics.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2844562-4
ISSN	2470-0053 ; 2470-0045
ISSN (online)	2470-0053
ISSN	2470-0045
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevE.101.052126
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Article ; Online: Anomalous ballistic scaling in the tensionless or inviscid Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation.

Rodríguez-Fernández, Enrique / Santalla, Silvia N / Castro, Mario / Cuerno, Rodolfo

Physical review. E

2022 Volume 106, Issue 2-1, Page(s) 24802

Abstract: The one-dimensional Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation is becoming an overarching paradigm for the scaling of nonequilibrium, spatially extended, classical and quantum systems with strong correlations. Recent analytical solutions have uncovered a rich ... ...

Abstract	The one-dimensional Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation is becoming an overarching paradigm for the scaling of nonequilibrium, spatially extended, classical and quantum systems with strong correlations. Recent analytical solutions have uncovered a rich structure regarding its scaling exponents and fluctuation statistics. However, the zero surface tension or zero viscosity case eludes such analytical solutions and has remained ill-understood. Using numerical simulations, we elucidate a well-defined universality class for this case that differs from that of the viscous case, featuring intrinsically anomalous kinetic roughening (despite previous expectations for systems with local interactions and time-dependent noise) and ballistic dynamics. The latter may be relevant to recent quantum spin chain experiments which measure KPZ and ballistic relaxation under different conditions. We identify the ensuing set of scaling exponents in previous discrete interface growth models related with isotropic percolation, and show it to describe the fluctuations of additional continuum systems related with the noisy Korteweg-de Vries equation. Along this process, we additionally elucidate the universality class of the related inviscid stochastic Burgers equation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2844562-4
ISSN	2470-0053 ; 2470-0045
ISSN (online)	2470-0053
ISSN	2470-0045
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevE.106.024802
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Article ; Online: Gaussian statistics as an emergent symmetry of the stochastic scalar Burgers equation.

Rodríguez-Fernández, Enrique / Cuerno, Rodolfo

Physical review. E

2019 Volume 99, Issue 4-1, Page(s) 42108

Abstract: Symmetries play a conspicuous role in the large-scale behavior of critical systems. In equilibrium they allow us to classify asymptotics into different universality classes, and out of equilibrium, they sometimes emerge as collective properties which are ...

Abstract	Symmetries play a conspicuous role in the large-scale behavior of critical systems. In equilibrium they allow us to classify asymptotics into different universality classes, and out of equilibrium, they sometimes emerge as collective properties which are not explicit in the "bare" interactions. Here we elucidate the emergence of an up-down symmetry in the asymptotic behavior of the stochastic scalar Burgers equation in one and two dimensions, manifested by the occurrence of Gaussian fluctuations even within the time regime controlled by nonlinearities. This robustness of Gaussian behavior contradicts naive expectations due to the detailed relation-including the lack of up-down symmetry-between the Burgers equation and the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation, which paradigmatically displays non-Gaussian fluctuations described by Tracy-Widom distributions. We reach our conclusions via a dynamic renormalization group study of the field statistics, confirmed by direct evaluation of the field probability distribution function from numerical simulations of the dynamical equation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2844562-4
ISSN	2470-0053 ; 2470-0045
ISSN (online)	2470-0053
ISSN	2470-0045
DOI	10.1103/PhysRevE.99.042108
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Article ; Online: Laparoscopic nephron sparing surgery and radical nephrectomy in cT1 renal tumors. Comparative analysis of complications and survival.

Luis-Cardo, A / Herranz-Amo, F / Rodríguez-Cabero, M / Quintana-Álvarez, R / Esteban Labrador, L / Rodríguez-Fernández, E / Mayor-de Castro, J / Barbas Bernardos, G / Ramírez Martín, D / Hernández-Fernández, C

Actas urologicas espanolas

2022 Volume 46, Issue 6, Page(s) 340–347

Abstract: Introduction and objectives: Comparative analysis of postoperative complications and survival between laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (PN) and radical nephrectomy (RN) in cT1 renal cell carcinoma (RCC).: Material and method: Retrospective study of ... ...

Abstract	Introduction and objectives: Comparative analysis of postoperative complications and survival between laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (PN) and radical nephrectomy (RN) in cT1 renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Material and method: Retrospective study of patients with two kidneys and single renal tumor cT1 treated in our center between 2005 and 2018 by laparoscopic PN or RN. Results: 372 patients met the inclusion criteria for the study. RN was performed in 156 (41.9%) patients and PN in 216 (58.1%). Clavien Dindo III-V complications were observed in 10 (4,6%) PN and 6 (3,9%) RN patients (p = 0.75). The comorbidity Charlson index (CCI) was identified as an independent predictor variable of complications (p = 0.02) and surgical approach did not affect multivariate analysis. Estimated overall survival (OS) was 81.2% and 56.8% at 5 and 10 years in the RN group and 90.2% and 75.7% in the PN group, respectively (p = 0.0001). Obesity (HR 2.77, p = 0.01), CCI ≥ 3 (HR 3.69, p = 0.001) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m Conclusions: Laparoscopic PN is not inferior to RN in terms of oncologic and surgical safety in cT1 RCC. Nephrectomy approach did not influence patient OS, however, obesity, CCI ≥ 3 and GFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m
MeSH term(s)	Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms/pathology ; Laparoscopy ; Nephrectomy ; Nephrons/pathology ; Obesity ; Retrospective Studies
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2022-05-28
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2173-5786
ISSN (online)	2173-5786
DOI	10.1016/j.acuroe.2021.11.005
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Article ; Online: Peritoneal carcinomatosis after partial nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma: Our experience and literature review.

Rodríguez Fernández, E / Cardo, A L / Subirá Ríos, D / Cancho Gil, M J / González García, F J / Herranz Amo, F / Hernández Fernández, C

Actas urologicas espanolas

2022 Volume 46, Issue 8, Page(s) 481–486

Abstract: Objective: Peritoneal carcinomatosis associated with renal cell carcinoma is an infrequent entity, usually associated with large renal masses, and with a very rare presentation after surgery of localized renal tumors. Our objective is to review the ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Peritoneal carcinomatosis associated with renal cell carcinoma is an infrequent entity, usually associated with large renal masses, and with a very rare presentation after surgery of localized renal tumors. Our objective is to review the literature and analyze the factors involved in the development of peritoneal carcinomatosis after laparoscopic partial nephrectomy in localized tumors. Material and methods: We present our experience with two cases of peritoneal carcinomatosis after laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. We reviewed the literature and analyzed the factors associated with the development of peritoneal carcinomatosis after laparoscopic partial surgery in renal cell carcinoma. Results: Between 2005-2018, 225 patients underwent laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for localized renal neoplasia in our service. Two patients developed peritoneal carcinomatosis during follow-up, at 1.5 and 7 years after surgery. Few cases of postoperative peritoneal carcinomatosis for renal neoplasia have been described in the literature, being more frequently associated with large renal masses, with multiple metastases at diagnosis, with a poor prognosis. The dissemination of tumor cells during surgery, direct tumor extension or metastasis by hematogenous route, are among the factors involved in the development of this condition. Conclusions: Peritoneal carcinomatosis after laparoscopic partial nephrectomy constitutes a very rare event. However, it should be taken into consideration, and, since it is the only factor we can influence, we must maximize precautions during the surgical act, following oncological principles.
MeSH term(s)	Carcinoma, Renal Cell/surgery ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms/pathology ; Kidney Neoplasms/surgery ; Laparoscopy ; Nephrectomy ; Peritoneal Neoplasms/surgery
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2022-09-09
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2173-5786
ISSN (online)	2173-5786
DOI	10.1016/j.acuroe.2022.04.001
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