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  1. Article: Ongoing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 drives escape from mRNA vaccine-induced humoral immunity.

    Roederer, Alex L / Cao, Yi / Denis, Kerri St / Sheehan, Maegan L / Li, Chia Jung / Lam, Evan C / Gregory, David J / Poznansky, Mark C / Iafrate, A John / Canaday, David H / Gravenstein, Stefan / Garcia-Beltran, Wilfredo F / Balazs, Alejandro B

    medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

    2024  

    Abstract: Since the COVID-19 pandemic began in 2020, viral sequencing has documented 131 individual mutations in the viral spike protein across 48 named variants. To determine the ability of vaccine-mediated humoral immunity to keep pace with continued SARS-CoV-2 ... ...

    Abstract Since the COVID-19 pandemic began in 2020, viral sequencing has documented 131 individual mutations in the viral spike protein across 48 named variants. To determine the ability of vaccine-mediated humoral immunity to keep pace with continued SARS-CoV-2 evolution, we assessed the neutralization potency of sera from 76 vaccine recipients collected after 2 to 6 immunizations against a comprehensive panel of mutations observed during the pandemic. Remarkably, while many individual mutations that emerged between 2020 and 2022 exhibit escape from sera following primary vaccination, few escape boosted sera. However, progressive loss of neutralization was observed across newer variants, irrespective of vaccine doses. Importantly, an updated XBB.1.5 booster significantly increased titers against newer variants but not JN.1. These findings demonstrate that seasonal boosters improve titers against contemporaneous strains, but novel variants continue to evade updated mRNA vaccines, demonstrating the need for novel approaches to adequately control SARS-CoV-2 transmission.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2024.03.05.24303815
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Ongoing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 drives escape from mRNA vaccine-induced humoral immunity

    Roederer, Alex L. / Cao, Yi / St. Denis, Kerri / Sheehan, Maegan L. / Li, Chia Jung / Lam, Evan C. / Gregory, David J. / Poznansky, Mark C. / Iafrate, A. John / Canaday, David H. / Gravenstein, Stefan / Garcia-Beltran, Wilfredo F. / Balazs, Alejandro B.

    medRxiv

    Abstract: Since the COVID-19 pandemic began in 2020, viral sequencing has documented 131 individual mutations in the viral spike protein across 48 named variants. To determine the ability of vaccine-mediated humoral immunity to keep pace with continued SARS-CoV-2 ... ...

    Abstract Since the COVID-19 pandemic began in 2020, viral sequencing has documented 131 individual mutations in the viral spike protein across 48 named variants. To determine the ability of vaccine-mediated humoral immunity to keep pace with continued SARS-CoV-2 evolution, we assessed the neutralization potency of sera from 76 vaccine recipients collected after 2 to 6 immunizations against a comprehensive panel of mutations observed during the pandemic. Remarkably, while many individual mutations that emerged between 2020 and 2022 exhibit escape from sera following primary vaccination, few escape boosted sera. However, progressive loss of neutralization was observed across newer variants, irrespective of vaccine doses. Importantly, an updated XBB.1.5 booster significantly increased titers against newer variants but not JN.1. These findings demonstrate that seasonal boosters improve titers against contemporaneous strains, but novel variants continue to evade updated mRNA vaccines, demonstrating the need for novel approaches to adequately control SARS-CoV-2 transmission.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-07
    Publisher Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2024.03.05.24303815
    Database COVID19

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  3. Article: mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine boosters induce neutralizing immunity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant

    Garcia-Beltran, Wilfredo F. / St. Denis, Kerri J. / Hoelzemer, Angelique / Lam, Evan C. / Nitido, Adam D. / Sheehan, Maegan L. / Berrios, Cristhian / Ofoman, Onosereme / Chang, Christina C. / Hauser, Blake M. / Feldman, Jared / Roederer, Alex L. / Gregory, David J. / Poznansky, Mark C. / Schmidt, Aaron G. / Iafrate, A. John / Naranbhai, Vivek / Balazs, Alejandro B.

    Cell. 2022 Feb. 03, v. 185, no. 3

    2022  

    Abstract: Recent surveillance has revealed the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (BA.1/B.1.1.529) harboring up to 36 mutations in spike protein, the target of neutralizing antibodies. Given its potential to escape vaccine-induced humoral immunity, we ... ...

    Abstract Recent surveillance has revealed the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (BA.1/B.1.1.529) harboring up to 36 mutations in spike protein, the target of neutralizing antibodies. Given its potential to escape vaccine-induced humoral immunity, we measured the neutralization potency of sera from 88 mRNA-1273, 111 BNT162b, and 40 Ad26.COV2.S vaccine recipients against wild-type, Delta, and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses. We included individuals that received their primary series recently (<3 months), distantly (6–12 months), or an additional “booster” dose, while accounting for prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Remarkably, neutralization of Omicron was undetectable in most vaccinees. However, individuals boosted with mRNA vaccines exhibited potent neutralization of Omicron, only 4–6-fold lower than wild type, suggesting enhanced cross-reactivity of neutralizing antibody responses. In addition, we find that Omicron pseudovirus infects more efficiently than other variants tested. Overall, this study highlights the importance of additional mRNA doses to broaden neutralizing antibody responses against highly divergent SARS-CoV-2 variants.
    Keywords COVID-19 infection ; Pseudovirus ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; cross reaction ; humoral immunity ; monitoring ; neutralization ; vaccines
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0203
    Size p. 457-466.e4.
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 187009-9
    ISSN 1097-4172 ; 0092-8674
    ISSN (online) 1097-4172
    ISSN 0092-8674
    DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2021.12.033
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article ; Online: mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine boosters induce neutralizing immunity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant.

    Garcia-Beltran, Wilfredo F / St Denis, Kerri J / Hoelzemer, Angelique / Lam, Evan C / Nitido, Adam D / Sheehan, Maegan L / Berrios, Cristhian / Ofoman, Onosereme / Chang, Christina C / Hauser, Blake M / Feldman, Jared / Roederer, Alex L / Gregory, David J / Poznansky, Mark C / Schmidt, Aaron G / Iafrate, A John / Naranbhai, Vivek / Balazs, Alejandro B

    Cell

    2022  Volume 185, Issue 3, Page(s) 457–466.e4

    Abstract: Recent surveillance has revealed the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (BA.1/B.1.1.529) harboring up to 36 mutations in spike protein, the target of neutralizing antibodies. Given its potential to escape vaccine-induced humoral immunity, we ... ...

    Abstract Recent surveillance has revealed the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (BA.1/B.1.1.529) harboring up to 36 mutations in spike protein, the target of neutralizing antibodies. Given its potential to escape vaccine-induced humoral immunity, we measured the neutralization potency of sera from 88 mRNA-1273, 111 BNT162b, and 40 Ad26.COV2.S vaccine recipients against wild-type, Delta, and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses. We included individuals that received their primary series recently (<3 months), distantly (6-12 months), or an additional "booster" dose, while accounting for prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Remarkably, neutralization of Omicron was undetectable in most vaccinees. However, individuals boosted with mRNA vaccines exhibited potent neutralization of Omicron, only 4-6-fold lower than wild type, suggesting enhanced cross-reactivity of neutralizing antibody responses. In addition, we find that Omicron pseudovirus infects more efficiently than other variants tested. Overall, this study highlights the importance of additional mRNA doses to broaden neutralizing antibody responses against highly divergent SARS-CoV-2 variants.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 187009-9
    ISSN 1097-4172 ; 0092-8674
    ISSN (online) 1097-4172
    ISSN 0092-8674
    DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2021.12.033
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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