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Article ; Online: Student perceptions of remote versus on-campus gross anatomy laboratories during COVID-19.

Kendell, Alyssa / Limback, Kylie / Lester, D Kirk / Rogers, Robert S / Creamer, Bradley A / Dennis, Jennifer F

2023 Volume 16, Issue 6, Page(s) 1174–1186

Abstract: At Kansas City University, anatomy laboratories were delivered via remote (REM) or on-campus (OC) formats due to COVID-19, creating an opportunity to evaluate student perceptions of differences in laboratory delivery format. A six-item survey of Likert ... ...

Abstract	At Kansas City University, anatomy laboratories were delivered via remote (REM) or on-campus (OC) formats due to COVID-19, creating an opportunity to evaluate student perceptions of differences in laboratory delivery format. A six-item survey of Likert scale and open-ended questions explored the utility of anatomy software, prelab instruction handouts, and prosection reviews. Likert scale validity was analyzed using Cronbach's α; responses were compared among REM and OC formats using Chi-square. Descriptive codes were applied to summarize responses, which were grouped and converted into percentages. Statistically significant differences in REM versus OC formats were determined for the helpfulness of the prelab handouts (χ
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Laboratories ; Anatomy/education ; COVID-19 ; Students ; Learning
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2483491-9
ISSN	1935-9780 ; 1935-9772
ISSN (online)	1935-9780
ISSN	1935-9772
DOI	10.1002/ase.2320
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Article ; Online: Battle of the sections: Student outcomes and course feedback support combined prosection and dissection laboratory formats to maximize student success.

Coker, Charles / Rogers, Robert S / Freed, Blair / Steele, Robert / Kinde, Monica N / Danilova, Galina / Kruse, Schoen W / Dennis, Jennifer F

Anatomical sciences education

2024

Abstract: Gross anatomy laboratories frequently utilize dissection or prosection formats within medical curricula. Practical examination scores are consistent across the formats, yet these examinations assessed larger anatomical structures. In contrast, a single ... ...

Abstract	Gross anatomy laboratories frequently utilize dissection or prosection formats within medical curricula. Practical examination scores are consistent across the formats, yet these examinations assessed larger anatomical structures. In contrast, a single report noted improved scores when prosection was used in the hand and foot regions, areas that are more difficult to dissect. The incorporation of prosected donors within "Head and Neck" laboratories provided an opportunity to further characterize the impact of prosection in a structurally complex area. Retrospective analysis of 21 Head and Neck practical examination questions was completed to compare scores among cohorts that utilized dissection exclusively or incorporated prosection. Mean scores of practical examination questions were significantly higher in the prosection cohort (84.27% ± 12.69) as compared with the dissection cohort (75.59% ± 12.27) (p < 0.001). Of the 12 questions that performed better in the prosection cohort (88.42% ± 8.21), 10 items mapped to deeper anatomical regions. By comparison, eight of nine questions in the dissection cohort outperformed (88.44% ± 3.34) the prosection cohort (71.74% ± 18.11), and mapped to anatomically superficial regions. Despite the mean score increase with positional location of the questions, this effect was not statically significant across cohorts (p = 1.000), suggesting that structure accessibility in anatomically complex regions impacts performance. Student feedback cited structure preservation (71.5%) and time savings (55.8%) as advantages to prosection; however, dissection was the perceived superior and preferred laboratory format (88.6%). These data support combined prosection and dissection formats for improving student recognition of deeply positioned structures and maximizing student success.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2483491-9
ISSN	1935-9780 ; 1935-9772
ISSN (online)	1935-9780
ISSN	1935-9772
DOI	10.1002/ase.2420
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Article ; Online: The role of laminins in the organization and function of neuromuscular junctions.

Rogers, Robert S / Nishimune, Hiroshi

Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology

2017 Volume 57-58, Page(s) 86–105

Abstract: The synapse between motor neurons and skeletal muscle is known as the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Proper alignment of presynaptic and post-synaptic structures of motor neurons and muscle fibers, respectively, is essential for efficient motor control of ...

Abstract	The synapse between motor neurons and skeletal muscle is known as the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Proper alignment of presynaptic and post-synaptic structures of motor neurons and muscle fibers, respectively, is essential for efficient motor control of skeletal muscles. The synaptic cleft between these two cells is filled with basal lamina. Laminins are heterotrimer extracellular matrix molecules that are key members of the basal lamina. Laminin α4, α5, and β2 chains specifically localize to NMJs, and these laminin isoforms play a critical role in maintenance of NMJs and organization of synaptic vesicle release sites known as active zones. These individual laminin chains exert their role in organizing NMJs by binding to their receptors including integrins, dystroglycan, and voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs). Disruption of these laminins or the laminin-receptor interaction occurs in neuromuscular diseases including Pierson syndrome and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS). Interventions to maintain proper level of laminins and their receptor interactions may be insightful in treating neuromuscular diseases and aging related degeneration of NMJs.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-01
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1183793-7
ISSN	1569-1802 ; 0945-053X
ISSN (online)	1569-1802
ISSN	0945-053X
DOI	10.1016/j.matbio.2016.08.008
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Zs.A 1694: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Circulating N-lactoyl-amino acids and N-formyl-methionine reflect mitochondrial dysfunction and predict mortality in septic shock.

Rogers, Robert S / Sharma, Rohit / Shah, Hardik B / Skinner, Owen S / Guo, Xiaoyan A / Panda, Apekshya / Gupta, Rahul / Durham, Timothy J / Shaughnessy, Kelsey B / Mayers, Jared R / Hibbert, Kathryn A / Baron, Rebecca M / Thompson, B Taylor / Mootha, Vamsi K

Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society

2024 Volume 20, Issue 2, Page(s) 36

Abstract: Introduction: Sepsis is a highly morbid condition characterized by multi-organ dysfunction resulting from dysregulated inflammation in response to acute infection. Mitochondrial dysfunction may contribute to sepsis pathogenesis, but quantifying ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Sepsis is a highly morbid condition characterized by multi-organ dysfunction resulting from dysregulated inflammation in response to acute infection. Mitochondrial dysfunction may contribute to sepsis pathogenesis, but quantifying mitochondrial dysfunction remains challenging. Objective: To assess the extent to which circulating markers of mitochondrial dysfunction are increased in septic shock, and their relationship to severity and mortality. Methods: We performed both full-scan and targeted (known markers of genetic mitochondrial disease) metabolomics on plasma to determine markers of mitochondrial dysfunction which distinguish subjects with septic shock (n = 42) from cardiogenic shock without infection (n = 19), bacteremia without sepsis (n = 18), and ambulatory controls (n = 19) - the latter three being conditions in which mitochondrial function, proxied by peripheral oxygen consumption, is presumed intact. Results: Nine metabolites were significantly increased in septic shock compared to all three comparator groups. This list includes N-formyl-L-methionine (f-Met), a marker of dysregulated mitochondrial protein translation, and N-lactoyl-phenylalanine (lac-Phe), representative of the N-lactoyl-amino acids (lac-AAs), which are elevated in plasma of patients with monogenic mitochondrial disease. Compared to lactate, the clinical biomarker used to define septic shock, there was greater separation between survivors and non-survivors of septic shock for both f-Met and the lac-AAs measured within 24 h of ICU admission. Additionally, tryptophan was the one metabolite significantly decreased in septic shock compared to all other groups, while its breakdown product kynurenate was one of the 9 significantly increased. Conclusion: Future studies which validate the measurement of lac-AAs and f-Met in conjunction with lactate could define a sepsis subtype characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Amino Acids ; Shock, Septic ; N-Formylmethionine ; Metabolomics ; Sepsis ; Methionine ; Lactic Acid ; Racemethionine ; Mitochondrial Diseases
Chemical Substances	Amino Acids ; N-Formylmethionine (4289-98-9) ; Methionine (AE28F7PNPL) ; Lactic Acid (33X04XA5AT) ; Racemethionine (73JWT2K6T3)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2250617-2
ISSN	1573-3890 ; 1573-3882
ISSN (online)	1573-3890
ISSN	1573-3882
DOI	10.1007/s11306-024-02089-z
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Zs.A 6361: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Hypoxia extends lifespan and neurological function in a mouse model of aging.

Rogers, Robert S / Wang, Hong / Durham, Timothy J / Stefely, Jonathan A / Owiti, Norah A / Markhard, Andrew L / Sandler, Lev / To, Tsz-Leung / Mootha, Vamsi K

PLoS biology

2023 Volume 21, Issue 5, Page(s) e3002117

Abstract: There is widespread interest in identifying interventions that extend healthy lifespan. Chronic continuous hypoxia delays the onset of replicative senescence in cultured cells and extends lifespan in yeast, nematodes, and fruit flies. Here, we asked ... ...

Abstract	There is widespread interest in identifying interventions that extend healthy lifespan. Chronic continuous hypoxia delays the onset of replicative senescence in cultured cells and extends lifespan in yeast, nematodes, and fruit flies. Here, we asked whether chronic continuous hypoxia is beneficial in mammalian aging. We utilized the Ercc1 Δ/- mouse model of accelerated aging given that these mice are born developmentally normal but exhibit anatomic, physiological, and biochemical features of aging across multiple organs. Importantly, they exhibit a shortened lifespan that is extended by dietary restriction, the most potent aging intervention across many organisms. We report that chronic continuous 11% oxygen commenced at 4 weeks of age extends lifespan by 50% and delays the onset of neurological debility in Ercc1 Δ/- mice. Chronic continuous hypoxia did not impact food intake and did not significantly affect markers of DNA damage or senescence, suggesting that hypoxia did not simply alleviate the proximal effects of the Ercc1 mutation, but rather acted downstream via unknown mechanisms. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that "oxygen restriction" can extend lifespan in a mammalian model of aging.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Mice ; Longevity ; Aging ; Hypoxia ; Oxygen ; Nervous System Physiological Phenomena ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drosophila ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Mammals
Chemical Substances	Oxygen (S88TT14065)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2126776-5
ISSN	1545-7885 ; 1544-9173
ISSN (online)	1545-7885
ISSN	1544-9173
DOI	10.1371/journal.pbio.3002117
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Zs.A 6193: Show issues

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Article ; Online: When cells become organelle donors.

Rogers, Robert S / Bhattacharya, Jahar

Physiology (Bethesda, Md.)

2013 Volume 28, Issue 6, Page(s) 414–422

Abstract: More than 40 variations of intercellular organelle transfer, such as a mitochondria or lysosome originating in one cell being transported to another cell, have been described. We review the mechanisms and subcellular structures by which, and conditions ... ...

Abstract	More than 40 variations of intercellular organelle transfer, such as a mitochondria or lysosome originating in one cell being transported to another cell, have been described. We review the mechanisms and subcellular structures by which, and conditions under which, transfer occurs, with particular attention paid to the role of external cell stress in activating transfer. We propose a research agenda for answering key questions in this burgeoning field.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Biological Transport ; Cell Communication ; Humans ; Organelles/physiology ; Signal Transduction ; Stress, Physiological
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2158667-6
ISSN	1548-9221 ; 1548-9213
ISSN (online)	1548-9221
ISSN	1548-9213
DOI	10.1152/physiol.00032.2013
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Zs.A 2164: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Forelimb Resistance Exercise Protects Against Neuromuscular Junction Denervation in the SOD1-G93A Rat Model of ALS.

Nishimune, Hiroshi / Stanford, Kimberly G / Chen, Jie / Odum, James D / Rorie, Alexander D / Rogers, Robert S / Wheatley, Joshua L / Geiger, Paige C / Stanford, John A

Degenerative neurological and neuromuscular disease

2022 Volume 12, Page(s) 145–155

Abstract: Introduction: The symptoms of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) include muscle weakness and eventual paralysis. These symptoms result from denervation of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and motor neuron cell death in the brain and spinal cord. Due to ...

Abstract	Introduction: The symptoms of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) include muscle weakness and eventual paralysis. These symptoms result from denervation of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and motor neuron cell death in the brain and spinal cord. Due to the "dying back" pattern of motor neuron degeneration, protecting NMJs should be a therapeutic priority. Although exercise has the potential to protect against NMJ denervation, its use in ALS has been controversial. Most preclinical studies have focused on aerobic exercise, which report that exercise can be beneficial at moderate intensities. The effects of resistance exercise on NMJ preservation in limb muscles have not been explored. Methods: We trained male SOD1-G93A rats, which model ALS, to perform a unilateral isometric forelimb resistance exercise task. This task allows within-animal comparisons of trained and untrained forelimbs. We then determined the effects of isometric resistance exercise on NMJ denervation and AMP kinase (AMPK) activation in forelimb muscles. Results: Our results revealed that SOD1-G93A rats were able to learn and perform the task similarly to wildtype rats, even after loss of body weight. SOD1-G93A rats exhibited significantly greater NMJ innervation in their trained vs their untrained forelimb biceps muscles. Measures of activated (phosphorylated) AMPK (pAMPK) were also greater in the trained vs untrained forelimb triceps muscles. Discussion: These results demonstrate that isometric resistance exercise may protect against NMJ denervation in ALS. Future studies are required to determine the extent to which our findings generalize to female SOD1-G93A rats and to other subtypes of ALS.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-22
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1179-9900
ISSN (online)	1179-9900
DOI	10.2147/DNND.S388455
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Article ; Online: Bone loading during young adulthood predicts bone mineral density in physically active, middle-aged men.

Rogers, Robert S / Hinton, Pamela S

The Physician and sportsmedicine

2010 Volume 38, Issue 2, Page(s) 146–155

Abstract: Background: Physical activity during growth induces skeletal adaptations that increase bone strength; however, it remains unclear whether these benefits persist into middle age.: Objective: We sought to determine if bone loading during adolescence ( ... ...

Abstract	Background: Physical activity during growth induces skeletal adaptations that increase bone strength; however, it remains unclear whether these benefits persist into middle age. Objective: We sought to determine if bone loading during adolescence (ages 13-18 years) or young adulthood (ages 19-29 years) in men is associated with greater bone mineral density (BMD) and reduced risk of low bone density in adulthood. We also sought to determine if participation in high-impact activities (ie, those that produce a ground reaction force [GRF] > 4 times the individual's body weight] during adolescence and/or young adulthood has a lasting positive effect on adult BMD. Methods: Eighty-six, apparently healthy, physically active men (aged 30-60 years) participated in this cross-sectional study. Bone loading during adolescence, young adulthood, and adulthood were calculated based on GRFs of the reported physical activities. Whole body, lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck BMD were assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Multiple linear regression was used to examine relationships between BMD and bone loading, including body weight and/or age as covariates; logistic regression was used to predict low bone density for age. Participants were grouped based on participation in high-impact activity (never [n = 42], adolescence only [n = 19], or both adolescence and young adulthood [n=23]), and BMDs were compared. Results: Bone loading during young adulthood, but not adolescence, was a significant positive predictor of adult BMD, with the full models explaining 33.4%, 31.7%, 44.6%, and 50.6% of the variance in whole body, lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck BMD, respectively. Ten participants (11.6%) had low bone density for age based on z scores of the hip or spine. Body weight and lean body mass, but not bone loading, were associated with reduced risk of low bone density for age. Individuals who participated in high-impact activity during both adolescence and young adulthood had greater BMD at all measured sites compared with those participated only during adolescence. Conclusion: The results of the study support a lifelong exercise prescription for bone health to preserve the skeletal benefits of activity derived from activity during adolescence and young adulthood.
MeSH term(s)	Absorptiometry, Photon ; Body Composition ; Body Weight ; Bone Density ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	753046-8
ISSN	2326-3660 ; 0091-3847
ISSN (online)	2326-3660
ISSN	0091-3847
DOI	10.3810/psm.2010.06.1793
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Zs.B 1926: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Oxaloacetate treatment preserves motor function in SOD1

Tungtur, Sudheer K / Wilkins, Heather M / Rogers, Robert S / Badawi, Yomna / Sage, Jessica M / Agbas, Abdulbaki / Jawdat, Omar / Barohn, Richard J / Swerdlow, Russell H / Nishimune, Hiroshi

Scientific reports

2021 Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 11051

Abstract: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) remains a devastating motor neuron disease with limited treatment options. Oxaloacetate treatment has a neuroprotective effect in rodent models of seizure and neurodegeneration. Therefore, we treated the ALS model ... ...

Abstract	Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) remains a devastating motor neuron disease with limited treatment options. Oxaloacetate treatment has a neuroprotective effect in rodent models of seizure and neurodegeneration. Therefore, we treated the ALS model superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1)
MeSH term(s)	Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/metabolism ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Inflammation/drug therapy ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Longevity/drug effects ; Mice ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Motor Neurons/drug effects ; Motor Neurons/metabolism ; Oxaloacetic Acid/pharmacology ; Oxaloacetic Acid/therapeutic use ; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha/metabolism ; Spinal Cord/drug effects ; Spinal Cord/metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha ; Ppargc1a protein, mouse ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Oxaloacetic Acid (2F399MM81J) ; Superoxide Dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-021-90438-6
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Article ; Online: Intrinsic Aerobic Capacity Affects Hippocampal pAkt and HSP72 Response to an Acute High Fat Diet and Heat Treatment in Rats.

Gan, Li / Wan, Xiaonan / Ma, Delin / Yang, Fu-Chen / Zhu, Jingpeng / Rogers, Robert S / Wheatley, Joshua L / Koch, Lauren G / Britton, Steven L / Thyfault, John P / Geiger, Paige C / Stanford, John A

Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports

2021 Volume 5, Issue 1, Page(s) 469–475

Abstract: Background: Aerobic capacity is associated with metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurological health. Low-capacity runner (LCR) rats display low aerobic capacity, metabolic dysfuction, and spatial memory deficits. A heat treatment (HT) can improve ... ...

Abstract	Background: Aerobic capacity is associated with metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurological health. Low-capacity runner (LCR) rats display low aerobic capacity, metabolic dysfuction, and spatial memory deficits. A heat treatment (HT) can improve metabolic dysfunction in LCR peripheral organs after high fat diet (HFD). Little is known about metabolic changes in the brains of these rats following HT. Objective: Our objective was to examine the extent to which high or low aerobic capacity impacts Akt (a protein marker of metabolism) and heat shock protein 72 (HSP72, a marker of heat shock response) after HFD and HT in hippocampus. Methods: We measured phosphorylated Akt (pAkt) in the striatum and hippocampus, and HSP72 in the hippocampus, of HFD-fed and chow-fed LCR and high-capacity runner (HCR) rats with and without HT. Results: pAkt was lower in the hippocampus of chow-fed LCR than HCR rats. HFD resulted in greater pAkt in LCR but not HCR rats, but HT resulted in lower pAkt in the LCR HFD group. HSP72 was greater in both HCR and LCR rat hippocampus after HT. The HFD blunted this effect in LCR compared to HCR hippocampus. Conclusion: The abnormal phosphorylation of Akt and diminished HSP response in the hippocampus of young adult LCR rats might indicate early vulnerability to metabolic challenges in this key brain region associated with learning and memory.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-08
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2542-4823
ISSN (online)	2542-4823
DOI	10.3233/ADR-200289
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