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  1. Article ; Online: Final results of the phase 1/2, open-label clinical study of intravenous recombinant human N-acetyl-α-d-glucosaminidase (SBC-103) in children with mucopolysaccharidosis IIIB.

    Whitley, Chester B / Vijay, Suresh / Yao, Bert / Pineda, Mercé / Parker, Geoff J M / Rojas-Caro, Sandra / Zhang, Xiaoping / Dai, Yang / Cinar, Amy / Bubb, Gillian / Patki, Kiran C / Escolar, Maria L

    Molecular genetics and metabolism

    2018  Volume 126, Issue 2, Page(s) 131–138

    Abstract: Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIB is caused by a marked decrease in N-acetyl-α-d-glucosaminidase (NAGLU) enzyme activity, which leads to the accumulation of heparan sulfate in key organs, progressive brain atrophy, and neurocognitive decline. In this open-label ...

    Abstract Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIB is caused by a marked decrease in N-acetyl-α-d-glucosaminidase (NAGLU) enzyme activity, which leads to the accumulation of heparan sulfate in key organs, progressive brain atrophy, and neurocognitive decline. In this open-label study, 11 eligible patients aged 2 to <12 years (developmental age ≥ 1 year) were sequentially allocated to recombinant human NAGLU enzyme (SBC-103) in 3 staggered- and escalating-dose groups (0.3 mg/kg [n = 3], 1.0 mg/kg [n = 4], or 3.0 mg/kg [n = 4]) by intravenous infusion every 2 weeks for 24 weeks, followed by a 4-week interruption (Part A), treatment at 1.0 and/or 3.0 mg/kg every 2 weeks starting at week 28 (Part B), and treatment at 5.0 or 10.0 mg/kg every 2 weeks (Part C) for approximately 2 total years in the study. The primary objective of the study was safety and tolerability evaluation; secondary objectives included evaluation of SBC-103 effects on total heparan sulfate levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), brain structural magnetic resonance imaging (cortical gray matter volume), and neurocognitive status (age equivalent/developmental quotient). During the study, 13 treatment-emergent serious adverse events (SAEs) occurred in 3 patients; 32 infusion-associated reactions (IARs) occurred in 8 patients. Most AEs were mild and intravenous treatment with SBC-103 was well tolerated. Mean (SD) changes from baseline at 52 weeks in Part C for the 5.0 and 10.0 mg/kg doses, respectively, were: -4.7% (8.3) and - 4.7% (14.7) for heparan sulfate levels in CSF, -8.1% (3.5) and - 10.3% (9.4) for cortical gray matter volume, +2.3 (6.9) points and +1.0 (9.2) points in cognitive age equivalent and -8.9 (10.2) points and -14.4 (9.2) points in developmental quotient. In summary, SBC-103 was generally well tolerated. Changes in heparan sulfate levels in CSF were small and were not maintained from earlier study time points, there was no clear evidence overall of clinically meaningful improvement in neurocognitive function at the higher doses investigated, and no dose-dependent effects were observed.
    MeSH term(s) Acetylglucosaminidase/administration & dosage ; Acetylglucosaminidase/therapeutic use ; Administration, Intravenous ; Brain ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Female ; Heparitin Sulfate/cerebrospinal fluid ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Mucopolysaccharidosis III/drug therapy ; Recombinant Proteins/administration & dosage ; Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Recombinant Proteins ; Heparitin Sulfate (9050-30-0) ; alpha-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.50) ; Acetylglucosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.52)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-12-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Clinical Trial, Phase I ; Clinical Trial, Phase II ; Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1418518-0
    ISSN 1096-7206 ; 1096-7192
    ISSN (online) 1096-7206
    ISSN 1096-7192
    DOI 10.1016/j.ymgme.2018.12.003
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Survival in infants treated with sebelipase Alfa for lysosomal acid lipase deficiency: an open-label, multicenter, dose-escalation study.

    Jones, Simon A / Rojas-Caro, Sandra / Quinn, Anthony G / Friedman, Mark / Marulkar, Sachin / Ezgu, Fatih / Zaki, Osama / Gargus, J Jay / Hughes, Joanne / Plantaz, Dominique / Vara, Roshni / Eckert, Stephen / Arnoux, Jean-Baptiste / Brassier, Anais / Le Quan Sang, Kim-Hanh / Valayannopoulos, Vassili

    Orphanet journal of rare diseases

    2017  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 25

    Abstract: Background: Infants presenting with lysosomal acid lipase deficiency have marked failure to thrive, diarrhea, massive hepatosplenomegaly, anemia, rapidly progressive liver disease, and death typically in the first 6 months of life; the only available ... ...

    Abstract Background: Infants presenting with lysosomal acid lipase deficiency have marked failure to thrive, diarrhea, massive hepatosplenomegaly, anemia, rapidly progressive liver disease, and death typically in the first 6 months of life; the only available potential treatment has been hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, which is associated with high morbidity and mortality in this population. The study objective was to evaluate safety and efficacy (including survival) of enzyme replacement with sebelipase alfa in infants with lysosomal acid lipase deficiency. This is an ongoing multicenter, open-label, phase 2/3 study conducted in nine countries. The study enrolled infants with growth failure prior to 6 months of age with rapidly progressive lysosomal acid lipase deficiency; they received once-weekly doses of sebelipase alfa initiated at 0.35 mg/kg with intrapatient dose escalation up to 5 mg/kg. The main outcome of interest is survival to 12 months and survival beyond 24 months of age.
    Results: Nine patients were enrolled; median age at baseline was 3.0 months (range 1.1-5.8 months). Sixty-seven percent (exact 95% CI 30%-93%) of sebelipase alfa-treated infants survived to 12 months of age compared with 0% (exact 95% CI 0%-16%) for a historical control group (n = 21). Patients who survived to age 12 months exhibited improvements in weight-for-age, reductions in markers of liver dysfunction and hepatosplenomegaly, and improvements in anemia and gastrointestinal symptoms. Three deaths occurred early (first few months of life), two patients died because of advanced disease, and a third patient died following complications of non-protocol-specified abdominal paracentesis. A fourth death occurred at 15 months of age and was related to other clinical conditions. The five surviving patients have survived to age ≥24 months with continued sebelipase alfa treatment; all have displayed marked improvement in growth parameters and liver function. Serious adverse events considered related to sebelipase alfa were reported in one of the nine infants (infusion reaction: tachycardia, pallor, chills, and pyrexia). Most infusion-associated reactions were mild and non-serious.
    Conclusion: Sebelipase alfa markedly improved survival with substantial clinically meaningful improvements in growth and other key disease manifestations in infants with rapidly progressive lysosomal acid lipase deficiency TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01371825 . Registered 9 June 2011.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Sterol Esterase/therapeutic use ; Survival Analysis ; Wolman Disease/drug therapy ; Wolman Disease/mortality ; Wolman Disease
    Chemical Substances Sterol Esterase (EC 3.1.1.13) ; Sebelipase alfa (K4YTU42T8G)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-02-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2225857-7
    ISSN 1750-1172 ; 1750-1172
    ISSN (online) 1750-1172
    ISSN 1750-1172
    DOI 10.1186/s13023-017-0587-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: A Phase 3 Trial of Sebelipase Alfa in Lysosomal Acid Lipase Deficiency.

    Burton, Barbara K / Balwani, Manisha / Feillet, François / Barić, Ivo / Burrow, T Andrew / Camarena Grande, Carmen / Coker, Mahmut / Consuelo-Sánchez, Alejandra / Deegan, Patrick / Di Rocco, Maja / Enns, Gregory M / Erbe, Richard / Ezgu, Fatih / Ficicioglu, Can / Furuya, Katryn N / Kane, John / Laukaitis, Christina / Mengel, Eugen / Neilan, Edward G /
    Nightingale, Scott / Peters, Heidi / Scarpa, Maurizio / Schwab, K Otfried / Smolka, Vratislav / Valayannopoulos, Vassili / Wood, Marnie / Goodman, Zachary / Yang, Yijun / Eckert, Stephen / Rojas-Caro, Sandra / Quinn, Anthony G

    The New England journal of medicine

    2015  Volume 373, Issue 11, Page(s) 1010–1020

    Abstract: Background: Lysosomal acid lipase is an essential lipid-metabolizing enzyme that breaks down endocytosed lipid particles and regulates lipid metabolism. We conducted a phase 3 trial of enzyme-replacement therapy in children and adults with lysosomal ... ...

    Abstract Background: Lysosomal acid lipase is an essential lipid-metabolizing enzyme that breaks down endocytosed lipid particles and regulates lipid metabolism. We conducted a phase 3 trial of enzyme-replacement therapy in children and adults with lysosomal acid lipase deficiency, an underappreciated cause of cirrhosis and severe dyslipidemia.
    Methods: In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study involving 66 patients, we evaluated the safety and effectiveness of enzyme-replacement therapy with sebelipase alfa (administered intravenously at a dose of 1 mg per kilogram of body weight every other week); the placebo-controlled phase of the study was 20 weeks long and was followed by open-label treatment for all patients. The primary end point was normalization of the alanine aminotransferase level. Secondary end points included additional disease-related efficacy assessments, safety, and side-effect profile.
    Results: Substantial disease burden at baseline included a very high level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (≥190 mg per deciliter) in 38 of 66 patients (58%) and cirrhosis in 10 of 32 patients (31%) who underwent biopsy. A total of 65 of the 66 patients who underwent randomization completed the double-blind portion of the trial and continued with open-label treatment. At 20 weeks, the alanine aminotransferase level was normal in 11 of 36 patients (31%) in the sebelipase alfa group and in 2 of 30 (7%) in the placebo group (P=0.03), with mean changes from baseline of -58 U per liter versus -7 U per liter (P<0.001). With respect to prespecified key secondary efficacy end points, we observed improvements in lipid levels and reduction in hepatic fat content (P<0.001 for all comparisons, except P=0.04 for triglycerides). The number of patients with adverse events was similar in the two groups; most events were mild and were considered by the investigator to be unrelated to treatment.
    Conclusions: Sebelipase alfa therapy resulted in a reduction in multiple disease-related hepatic and lipid abnormalities in children and adults with lysosomal acid lipase deficiency. (Funded by Synageva BioPharma and others; ARISE ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01757184.).
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Alanine Transaminase/blood ; Biopsy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cholesterol, HDL/blood ; Cholesterol, LDL/blood ; Double-Blind Method ; Dyslipidemias/drug therapy ; Dyslipidemias/genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Liver/drug effects ; Liver/pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sterol Esterase/adverse effects ; Sterol Esterase/pharmacology ; Sterol Esterase/therapeutic use ; Wolman Disease/blood ; Wolman Disease/drug therapy ; Young Adult ; Wolman Disease
    Chemical Substances Cholesterol, HDL ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Alanine Transaminase (EC 2.6.1.2) ; Sterol Esterase (EC 3.1.1.13)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-09-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Clinical Trial, Phase III ; Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 207154-x
    ISSN 1533-4406 ; 0028-4793
    ISSN (online) 1533-4406
    ISSN 0028-4793
    DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa1501365
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  4. Article ; Online: The G0/G1 switch gene 2 is a novel PPAR target gene.

    Zandbergen, Fokko / Mandard, Stéphane / Escher, Pascal / Tan, Nguan Soon / Patsouris, David / Jatkoe, Tim / Rojas-Caro, Sandra / Madore, Steve / Wahli, Walter / Tafuri, Sherrie / Müller, Michael / Kersten, Sander

    The Biochemical journal

    2005  Volume 392, Issue Pt 2, Page(s) 313–324

    Abstract: PPARs (peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptors) alpha, beta/delta and gamma are a group of transcription factors that are involved in numerous processes, including lipid metabolism and adipogenesis. By comparing liver mRNAs of wild-type and PPARalpha- ...

    Abstract PPARs (peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptors) alpha, beta/delta and gamma are a group of transcription factors that are involved in numerous processes, including lipid metabolism and adipogenesis. By comparing liver mRNAs of wild-type and PPARalpha-null mice using microarrays, a novel putative target gene of PPARalpha, G0S2 (G0/G1 switch gene 2), was identified. Hepatic expression of G0S2 was up-regulated by fasting and by the PPARalpha agonist Wy14643 in a PPARalpha-dependent manner. Surprisingly, the G0S2 mRNA level was highest in brown and white adipose tissue and was greatly up-regulated during mouse 3T3-L1 and human SGBS (Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome) adipogenesis. Transactivation, gel shift and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays indicated that G0S2 is a direct PPARgamma and probable PPARalpha target gene with a functional PPRE (PPAR-responsive element) in its promoter. Up-regulation of G0S2 mRNA seemed to be specific for adipogenesis, and was not observed during osteogenesis or myogenesis. In 3T3-L1 fibroblasts, expression of G0S2 was associated with growth arrest, which is required for 3T3-L1 adipogenesis. Together, these data indicate that G0S2 is a novel target gene of PPARs that may be involved in adipocyte differentiation.
    MeSH term(s) Adipocytes/cytology ; Adipocytes/metabolism ; Adipogenesis ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics ; Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism ; Gene Deletion ; Hepatocytes/cytology ; Hepatocytes/metabolism ; Humans ; Liver/cytology ; Male ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; PPAR alpha/genetics ; PPAR alpha/metabolism ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics ; Protein Transport ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Rats ; Response Elements/genetics ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Substrate Specificity ; Up-Regulation
    Chemical Substances Cell Cycle Proteins ; G0S2 protein, human ; G0S2 protein, mouse ; PPAR alpha ; RNA, Messenger
    Language English
    Publishing date 2005-12-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2969-5
    ISSN 1470-8728 ; 0006-2936 ; 0306-3275 ; 0264-6021
    ISSN (online) 1470-8728
    ISSN 0006-2936 ; 0306-3275 ; 0264-6021
    DOI 10.1042/BJ20050636
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  5. Article: Quality-controlled measurement methods for quantification of variations in transcript abundance in whole blood samples from healthy volunteers.

    Peters, Elizabeth Herness / Rojas-Caro, Sandra / Brigell, Mitchell G / Zahorchak, Robert J / des Etages, Shelley Ann / Ruppel, Patricia L / Knight, Charles R / Austermiller, Bradley / Graham, Myrna C / Wowk, Steve / Banks, Sean / Madabusi, Lakshmi V / Turk, Patrick / Wilder, Donna / Kempfer, Carole / Osborn, Terry W / Willey, James C

    Clinical chemistry

    2007  Volume 53, Issue 6, Page(s) 1030–1037

    Abstract: Background: Transcript abundance (TA) measurement in whole blood frequently is conducted to identify potential biomarkers for disease risk and to predict or monitor drug response. Potential biomarkers discovered in this way must be validated by ... ...

    Abstract Background: Transcript abundance (TA) measurement in whole blood frequently is conducted to identify potential biomarkers for disease risk and to predict or monitor drug response. Potential biomarkers discovered in this way must be validated by quantitative technology. In this study we assessed the use of standardized reverse transcription PCR (StaRT-PCR) to validate potential biomarkers discovered through whole blood TA profiling.
    Methods: For each of 15 healthy volunteers, 6 blood samples were obtained, including 3 samples at each of 2 separate visits. Total variation in TA for each gene was partitioned into replicate, sample, visit, study participant, and residual components.
    Results: Variation originating from technical processing was <5% of total combined variation and was primarily preanalytical. Interindividual biological sample variation was larger than technical variation. For 12 of 19 tests, the distribution of measured values was gaussian (Shapiro-Wilks test).
    Conclusion: For control or diseased population groups with variation rates as low as those observed in this control group, 17 individuals per group would be required to detect 1 SD change with 80% power with a 2-sided alpha = 0.05 statistical test for mean differences.
    MeSH term(s) Biomarkers/blood ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Gene Expression Profiling/standards ; Gene Expression Profiling/statistics & numerical data ; Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/standards ; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/statistics & numerical data ; Quality Control ; Reference Values ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-04-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80102-1
    ISSN 1530-8561 ; 0009-9147
    ISSN (online) 1530-8561
    ISSN 0009-9147
    DOI 10.1373/clinchem.2006.078154
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