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Article: Sediment challenges and opportunities due to climate change and sustainable development.

Obhodas, Jasmina / Castellote, Marta / Romano, Elena / Heise, Susanne / Lemiere, Bruno

2022 Volume 22, Issue 11, Page(s) 2841–2843

Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-28
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2050898-0
ISSN	1614-7480 ; 1439-0108
ISSN (online)	1614-7480
ISSN	1439-0108
DOI	10.1007/s11368-022-03343-4
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Article ; Online: Generation of a homozygous CIITA knockout iPS cell line using the CRISPR-Cas9 system.

Romano, Elena / Trionfini, Piera / Giampietro, Roberta / Benigni, Ariela / Tomasoni, Susanna

Stem cell research

2021 Volume 57, Page(s) 102580

Abstract: Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have great promise in regenerative medicine. However, several limitations, including immune-incompatibility, have raised concerns regarding their clinical application. Recent studies have shown that human ... ...

Abstract	Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have great promise in regenerative medicine. However, several limitations, including immune-incompatibility, have raised concerns regarding their clinical application. Recent studies have shown that human iPSCs and their derivatives lose their immunogenicity when major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II genes are inactivated and CD47 is over-expressed. In this study, we used CRISPR-Cas9 technology to generate an isogenic iPSC line with a homozygous frameshift mutation in the MHC II transactivator (CIITA) gene. The CIITA
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2393143-7
ISSN	1876-7753 ; 1873-5061
ISSN (online)	1876-7753
ISSN	1873-5061
DOI	10.1016/j.scr.2021.102580
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Article ; Online: Paleoecological reconstruction during the Holocene in the Middle Branch of Bue Marino Cave (Sardinia, Italy)

Romano, Elena / Sechi, Daniele / Andreucci, Stefano / Bergamin, Luisa / D’Ambrosi, Andrea / De Santis, Chiara / Di Bella, Letizia / Dinelli, Enrico / Frezza, Virgilio / Pascucci, Vincenzo / Pierfranceschi, Giancarlo / Provenzani, Claudio

The Holocene. 2024 Jan., v. 34, no. 1 p.74-86

2024

Abstract: This study was conducted in the Middle Branch of Bue Marino Cave (Sardinia, Italy) to reconstruct paleoecological conditions during the Holocene through microfaunal proxies in seven surface sediment samples and a short sediment core (BMD-2018, 18 cm), ... ...

Abstract	This study was conducted in the Middle Branch of Bue Marino Cave (Sardinia, Italy) to reconstruct paleoecological conditions during the Holocene through microfaunal proxies in seven surface sediment samples and a short sediment core (BMD-2018, 18 cm), all collected in 2018 and another core sampled in 2021 (BMD-2021, 28 cm). The first attempt at dating cave sediment through luminescence was conducted on BMD-2021; the derived age was 6.04 ± 0.47 ka at 18 cm depth. Although continuous sedimentation and constant rates are not probable in the cave, this indicates that the sedimentary record dates to the early times after the Holocene flooding of the cave by the sea. Benthic foraminifera and grain size were analyzed in all surface samples and core BMD-2018, while only benthic foraminifera were studied in BMD-2021. The recent foraminiferal assemblages, studied from an ecological point of view, were applied as modern analog to reconstruct the paleoecological conditions in sediment cores. Significant changes in the sedimentary environment were excluded; the two cores showed a similar foraminiferal turnover at a similar depth, from an older assemblage with prevailing indifferent Ammonia inflata to a younger one with prevailing opportunist Eggerelloides advena. This turnover was attributed to changes in the amount and/or quality of available nutrients. Based on these results, this event is likely related to possibly attributable to the effects of climate changes that occurred in the Holocene. However, more extensive studies are necessary to better understand the effects of the climatic/environmental events in the Late-Holocene in the caves. Although it represents a first attempt at paleoenvironmental reconstruction based on sediments from a Mediterranean marine cave, this study demonstrated that benthic foraminifera are refined paleoenvironmental proxies and that the integrated approach with the luminescence dating produces reliable results for studying the effects of global changes in these environments.
Keywords	Holocene epoch ; Retaria ; ammonia ; climate ; fauna ; luminescence ; paleoecology ; sediments ; Italy ; Sardinia ; benthic foraminifera ; cave sediments ; ecological indicators ; luminescence dating ; marine caves ; Mediterranean Sea
Language	English
Dates of publication	2024-01
Size	p. 74-86.
Publishing place	SAGE Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2027956-5
ISSN	1477-0911 ; 0959-6836
ISSN (online)	1477-0911
ISSN	0959-6836
DOI	10.1177/09596836231200435
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Article ; Online: Generation of PKD1 mono-allelic and bi-allelic knockout iPS cell lines using CRISPR-Cas9 system.

Romano, Elena / Trionfini, Piera / Ciampi, Osele / Benigni, Ariela / Tomasoni, Susanna

Stem cell research

2020 Volume 47, Page(s) 101881

Abstract: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common hereditary kidney disease, characterised by the development of multiple fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys and other organs. PKD1 and PKD2 are the two major causative genes encoding ... ...

Abstract	Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common hereditary kidney disease, characterised by the development of multiple fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys and other organs. PKD1 and PKD2 are the two major causative genes encoding for polycystin-1 and polycystin-2, respectively. Here, we report the generation of two isogenic induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines with either heterozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the PKD1 gene using CRISPR-Cas9 technology. The PKD1
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2393143-7
ISSN	1876-7753 ; 1873-5061
ISSN (online)	1876-7753
ISSN	1873-5061
DOI	10.1016/j.scr.2020.101881
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Article ; Online: Generation of two isogenic iPS cell lines (IRFMNi002-A and IRFMNi002-B) from a patient affected by Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis carrying a heterozygous c.565G>A mutation in PAX2 gene.

Ciampi, Osele / Romano, Elena / Benigni, Ariela / Tomasoni, Susanna

Stem cell research

2018 Volume 33, Page(s) 175–179

Abstract: Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is the typical renal histologic lesion in familial steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome, for which there is currently no treatment. Dysfunction of the glomerular podocyte, a specialized cell that forms the ... ...

Abstract	Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is the typical renal histologic lesion in familial steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome, for which there is currently no treatment. Dysfunction of the glomerular podocyte, a specialized cell that forms the glomerular filtration barrier, is central in the pathogenesis of FSGS. Here, we reported the generation of two isogenic iPS cell lines from a patient affected by FSGS, carrying the c.565G > A mutation in the PAX2 gene. The iPS cell lines we generated expressed pluripotency markers at the mRNA and protein levels and differentiated into all three germ layers. These iPSCs will be instrumental in understanding FSGS pathogenesis.
MeSH term(s)	Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental/genetics ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/metabolism ; Male ; Mutation ; PAX2 Transcription Factor/genetics
Chemical Substances	PAX2 Transcription Factor ; PAX2 protein, human
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-10-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1876-7753
ISSN (online)	1876-7753
DOI	10.1016/j.scr.2018.10.018
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Article: Conflicting outcomes of an integrated approach to sediment quality assessment in a Sardinian coastal area subjected to mining activities

Romano, Elena / Bergamin, Luisa / Pierfranceschi, Giancarlo / Maggi, Chiara / Berducci, Maria Teresa / Ausili, Antonella

Journal of soils and sediments. 2020 June, v. 20, no. 6

2020

Abstract: PURPOSE: Multidisciplinary research was carried out to verify the best approach for a reliable assessment of sediment quality in marine areas affected by strong metal enrichment. The study was carried out on Sulcis-Iglesiente marine coastal areas ( ... ...

Abstract	PURPOSE: Multidisciplinary research was carried out to verify the best approach for a reliable assessment of sediment quality in marine areas affected by strong metal enrichment. The study was carried out on Sulcis-Iglesiente marine coastal areas (Sardinia, Italy), where a long-lasting past mining operation strongly contaminated marine sediments with heavy metals (Cd, Pb and Zn). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Surface sediments were analysed for grain size and mineralogical content, total organic carbon, total metal concentrations and sequential extractions. Additionally, ecotoxicological bioassays were performed using Vibrio fischeri (Microtox®) on the solid phase and elutriate, Dunaliella tertiolecta on elutriate and Brachionus plicatilis on elutriate. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Analysed sediments were nearly exclusively sand (98.5–100%) with a very low TOC content; their texture and mineralogy indicated a N-S drift affecting the dispersion of mining contributions. The total concentrations of Cd, Pb and Zn, which are positively correlated, exceeded background and Environmental Quality Standards (EQS) values by up to two orders of magnitude, while sequential extractions revealed their high mobility because Cd and Pb were mainly extracted in the first phase (up to 77 and 82%, respectively) and Zn in the second phase (up to 99%). In spite of this, bioassays recorded the absence of toxicity in all the samples. CONCLUSIONS: These apparently conflicting results suggest that ecotoxicological tests cannot replace chemical analyses in sediment quality assessments because they could fail to provide reliable information on the bioavailability of contaminants over time.
Keywords	Brachionus plicatilis ; Dunaliella tertiolecta ; Vibrio fischeri ; bioavailability ; coasts ; ecotoxicology ; environmental quality ; mineralogy ; sand ; texture ; total organic carbon ; toxicity ; Italy ; Sardinia
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-06
Size	p. 2630-2640.
Publishing place	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	2050898-0
ISSN	1614-7480 ; 1439-0108
ISSN (online)	1614-7480
ISSN	1439-0108
DOI	10.1007/s11368-019-02489-y
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Generation of two isogenic knockout PKD2 iPS cell lines, IRFMNi003-A-1 and IRFMNi003-A-2, using CRISPR/Cas9 technology.

Trionfini, Piera / Ciampi, Osele / Romano, Elena / Benigni, Ariela / Tomasoni, Susanna

Stem cell research

2019 Volume 42, Page(s) 101667

Abstract: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most prevalent inherited renal disease, characterized by multiple cysts that can lead to kidney failure resulting in end-stage renal disease. ADPKD is mainly caused by mutations in either the ... ...

Abstract	Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most prevalent inherited renal disease, characterized by multiple cysts that can lead to kidney failure resulting in end-stage renal disease. ADPKD is mainly caused by mutations in either the PKD1 and PKD2 genes, encoding for polycystin-1 and polycystin-2, respectively. In order to clarify the disease mechanisms, here we describe the generation of two isogenic induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines in which the PKD2 gene was deleted using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. The PKD2
MeSH term(s)	CRISPR-Cas Systems/genetics ; Cell Line ; Humans ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells/metabolism ; Mutation ; TRPP Cation Channels/genetics
Chemical Substances	TRPP Cation Channels ; polycystic kidney disease 2 protein
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-11-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1876-7753
ISSN (online)	1876-7753
DOI	10.1016/j.scr.2019.101667
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Article: Imaging the invasion of rice roots by the bakanae agent Fusarium fujikuroi using a GFP-tagged isolate

Aragona, Maria / Campos-Soriano, Lidia / Piombo, Edoardo / Romano, Elena / San Segundo, Blanca / Spadaro, Davide / Infantino, Alessandro

European journal of plant pathology. 2021 Sept., v. 161, no. 1

2021

Abstract: Fusarium fujikuroi (teleomorph Gibberella fujikuroi) is the main seed-borne pathogen of rice, the causal agent of bakanae, a disease that in the last years has become of increasing economical concern in many Italian rice growing areas. A virulent F. ... ...

Abstract	Fusarium fujikuroi (teleomorph Gibberella fujikuroi) is the main seed-borne pathogen of rice, the causal agent of bakanae, a disease that in the last years has become of increasing economical concern in many Italian rice growing areas. A virulent F. fujikuroi isolate was tagged with the green fluorescent protein (gfp) gene using Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation, and the virulence of the GFP isolate has been confirmed. Little is known about the early interaction of the pathogen with its host, in this work fungal development during the F. fujikuroi/root interaction was analysed by Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy (LSCM), by using the GFP isolate obtained. The infection of rice roots was investigated from 48 h to 8 days post-inoculation both in resistant and susceptible cultivars. Roots of resistant genotype seem to trigger a hypersensitive response at the infection site and LSCM analysis of root sections allowed the visualization of fungal growth within host tissues. Fungal growth occurred both in the resistant and the susceptible cultivar, even if it was less abundant in the resistant one. Expression analysis of Chitinase1, a gene involved in fungal pathogenesis, was investigated by qPCR on the F. fujikuroi infected rice roots. Chitinase1 expression increased greatly upon infection in the resistant cultivar Selenio.
Keywords	Agrobacterium radiobacter ; Fusarium fujikuroi ; cultivars ; fungal growth ; fungi ; genes ; genotype ; green fluorescent protein ; hypersensitive response ; pathogenesis ; pathogens ; plant pathology ; rice ; teleomorphs ; virulence
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-09
Size	p. 25-36.
Publishing place	Springer Netherlands
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1196520-4
ISSN	0929-1873
ISSN	0929-1873
DOI	10.1007/s10658-021-02301-z
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Benthic foraminifera as environmental indicators in extreme environments: The marine cave of Bue Marino (Sardinia, Italy)

Romano, Elena / Bergamin, Luisa / Di Bella, Letizia / Frezza, Virgilio / Pierfranceschi, Giancarlo / Marassich, Andrea / Provenzani, Claudio

Ecological indicators. 2021 Jan., v. 120

2021

Abstract: The coast of the Gulf of Orosei (Sardinia, Italy) consists of impressive cliffs set up on dolostones and limestones characterized by wide karst systems connected to the sea. Marine caves, which are part of these system flooded by seawater through marine ... ...

Abstract	The coast of the Gulf of Orosei (Sardinia, Italy) consists of impressive cliffs set up on dolostones and limestones characterized by wide karst systems connected to the sea. Marine caves, which are part of these system flooded by seawater through marine entrances, may be considered as extreme environments because of wide spatial and temporal environmental variability due to changing marine and terrestrial contributions. This study presents the results of the third survey carried out in summer 2016 in the Bue Marino cave, as part of a research project started in 2014 aimed at the application of Benthic Foraminifera (BF) as ecological indicators in Mediterranean marine caves for the identification of different habitats and their environmental interpretation. Sediment and water samples were collected from a total of 25 stations from two distinct sectors of the cave (North Branch and Middle Branch); sediments were analysed for living and dead BF and grain size, while Temperature, Salinity, pH and Dissolved Oxygen were measured in water samples collected close to sediment water interface. Two main foraminiferal assemblages, with distinct characteristics with respect to the typical Mediterranean shallow-water ones, were recognized by means of Hierarchical Cluster Analysis and Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling, and a Canonical Correspondence Analysis deduced their environmental significance. A well oxygenated, less saline environment with coarse bottom sediment, correlated with a mixed calcareous-agglutinated assemblage (Gavelinopsis praegeri, Rosalina spp., Eggerelloides advenus and Reophax dentaliniformis) with high species diversity (H-index 2.32–3.57) and low foraminiferal density, was exclusive of the North Branch. A scarcely oxygenated, more saline environment with fine bottom sediment enriched in vegetal debris was related to a prevalently agglutinated assemblage characterized by low species diversity (H-index 1.60–2.68), with high dominance of E. advenus (up to 83.6%) associated to Ammonia tepida, and high foraminiferal density, recognized in the Middle Branch. These different environments were interpreted considering the different modes of feeding the karst systems of the two branches. They also corresponded to two distinct ecozones, Entrance and Confluence, already recognized in earlier studies. The environmental significance of the foraminiferal ecozones recognized in this study and their comparison with the ones identified in the previous years, helped to consider the ecological zonation as a tool for detecting seasonal and, possibly, long term annual environmental variability in the marine system.
Keywords	Retaria ; cluster analysis ; coasts ; correspondence analysis ; dissolved oxygen ; ecological zones ; karsts ; pH ; research projects ; salinity ; seawater ; sediment-water interface ; sediments ; species diversity ; summer ; surveys ; temperature ; Italy ; Sardinia
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-01
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2036774-0
ISSN	1872-7034 ; 1470-160X
ISSN (online)	1872-7034
ISSN	1470-160X
DOI	10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106977
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Hypoimmunogenic Human Pluripotent Stem Cells as a Powerful Tool for Liver Regenerative Medicine.

Trionfini, Piera / Romano, Elena / Varinelli, Marco / Longaretti, Lorena / Rizzo, Paola / Giampietro, Roberta / Caroli, Annalina / Aiello, Sistiana / Todeschini, Marta / Casiraghi, Federica / Remuzzi, Giuseppe / Benigni, Ariela / Tomasoni, Susanna

International journal of molecular sciences

2023 Volume 24, Issue 14

Abstract: Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) have huge potential as cell therapy for various diseases, given their potential for unlimited self-renewal and capability to differentiate into a wide range of cell types. Although autologous iPSCs represents the ... ...

Abstract	Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) have huge potential as cell therapy for various diseases, given their potential for unlimited self-renewal and capability to differentiate into a wide range of cell types. Although autologous iPSCs represents the ideal source for patient-tailored regenerative medicine, the high costs of the extensive and time-consuming production process and the impracticability for treating acute conditions hinder their use for broad applications. An allogeneic iPSC-based strategy may overcome these issues, but it carries the risk of triggering an immune response. So far, several approaches based on genome-editing techniques to silence human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) or II (HLA-II) expression have been explored to overcome the immune rejection of allogeneic iPSCs. In this study, we employed the CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR associated protein 9) system to delete the β2-Microglobulin (
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Regenerative Medicine ; Pluripotent Stem Cells ; Gene Editing/methods ; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/genetics ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/metabolism ; Liver
Chemical Substances	Histocompatibility Antigens Class I
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms241411810
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