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  1. Article ; Online: Using measured resting metabolic rate to derive calorie prescriptions in a behavioral weight loss program

    Autumn Lanoye / Ronald K. Evans / Tricia M. Leahey / Jessica G. LaRose

    Obesity Science & Practice, Vol 7, Iss 3, Pp 335-

    2021  Volume 338

    Abstract: Abstract Objective Within behavioral weight loss (BWL) programs, using measured resting metabolic rate (RMR) is a more accurate—yet costlier—alternative to the standard method of assigning calorie prescriptions using baseline weight. This investigation ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Objective Within behavioral weight loss (BWL) programs, using measured resting metabolic rate (RMR) is a more accurate—yet costlier—alternative to the standard method of assigning calorie prescriptions using baseline weight. This investigation aimed to assess differences between calorie goals prescribed using each method including demographic predictors and associations with weight loss. Methods This is an ancillary study to a trial comparing approaches to motivational enhancement in a 6‐months BWL program designed for emerging adults age 18–25 (N = 308). RMR was measured at baseline and used to derive calorie prescriptions; standard calorie goals were retrospectively assigned for the purpose of these analyses. Results Standard calorie prescriptions were significantly higher than those derived from RMR. Sex and race were significant predictors of calorie prescription discrepancies: using the standard method, women and Black participants were assigned higher calorie goals than their RMR would indicate. Calorie goal discrepancy did not predict 6‐months weight change. Conclusions Differences in calorie prescriptions between approaches were significant; however, it remains to be determined whether measuring RMR is worth the cost, time, and participant burden. It may be the case that this consideration has greater impact for certain subgroups—namely, women and Black participants.
    Keywords behavioral weight loss ; dietary prescriptions ; indirect calorimetry ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wiley
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: The role of parents in behavioral treatment for adolescent obesity

    Melanie K. Bean / Jessica Gokee LaRose / Edmond P. Wickham / Hollie A. Raynor / Laura Caccavale / Ronald K. Evans / Laura M. Thornton / Sarah Farthing / Ashley Mendoza / Suzanne E. Mazzeo

    BMC Public Health, Vol 23, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    design and rationale for the TEENS+ randomized clinical trial

    2023  Volume 17

    Abstract: Abstract Background There is an urgent need for innovative approaches to adolescent obesity treatment, particularly among individuals from racially and ethnically marginalized backgrounds, who face increased risk of obesity and its associated morbidity ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background There is an urgent need for innovative approaches to adolescent obesity treatment, particularly among individuals from racially and ethnically marginalized backgrounds, who face increased risk of obesity and its associated morbidity and mortality. There is a particular dearth of research on the long-term efficacy of adolescent obesity treatments. Further, research and clinical practice guidelines consistently recommend parents’ inclusion in their adolescents’ obesity treatment, yet the most effective strategy to engage parents in adolescent obesity treatment remains unclear. Towards that end, this investigation will conduct a fully-powered, randomized clinical trial to examine the efficacy of two distinct approaches to involving parents in their adolescents’ obesity treatment. Methods Participants will be 210 12-16 year old adolescents (body mass index [BMI]≥85th percentile) and parents (BMI≥25 kg/m2) with overweight or obesity. Dyads will be randomized to one of two 4-month treatments: 1) TEENS+Parents as Coaches (PAC), engaging parents as helpers in their child’s weight management via parent skills training based on authoritative parenting, or 2) TEENS+Parent Weight Loss (PWL), engaging parents in their own behavioral weight management. All adolescents will participate in the TEENS+ protocol, which includes nutrition education with dietary goals, supervised physical activity, and behavioral support, and integrates motivational interviewing to enhance treatment engagement. Assessments of anthropometrics, dietary intake, physical activity, parenting and home environment variables will be completed at 0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 months with the primary endpoint at 12-month follow-up. Discussion Results of this investigation have the potential to significantly advance science in this area and ultimately inform clinical practice guidelines related to the role of parents in adolescent obesity treatment. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03851796. Registered: February 22, 2019.
    Keywords Adolescent ; Obesity ; Parent ; Randomized clinical trial ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 796
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: An appraisal of whole-room indirect calorimeters and a metabolic cart for measuring resting and active metabolic rates

    Shanshan Chen / Cory Scott / Janina V. Pearce / Jared S. Farrar / Ronald K. Evans / Francesco S. Celi

    Scientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2020  Volume 8

    Abstract: Abstract Whole-room indirect calorimeters (WRICs) have traditionally been used for real-time resting metabolic rate (RMR) measurements, while metabolic rate (MR) during short-interval exercises has commonly been measured by metabolic carts (MCs). This ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Whole-room indirect calorimeters (WRICs) have traditionally been used for real-time resting metabolic rate (RMR) measurements, while metabolic rate (MR) during short-interval exercises has commonly been measured by metabolic carts (MCs). This study aims to investigate the feasibility of incorporating short-interval exercises into WRIC study protocols by comparing the performance of WRICs and an MC. We assessed the 40-min RMR of 15 subjects with 2-day repeats and the 10–15 min activity MR (AMR) of 14 subjects at three intensities, using a large WRIC, a small WRIC, and an MC. We evaluated the biases between the instruments and quantified sources of variation using variance component analysis. All three instruments showed good agreement for both RMR (maximum bias = 0.07 kcal/min) and AMR assessment (maximum bias = 0.53 kcal/min). Moreover, the majority of the variability was between-subject and between-intensity variation, whereas the types of instrument contributed only a small amount to total variation in RMR (2%) and AMR (0.2%) data. In Conclusion, the good reproducibility among the instruments indicates that they may be used interchangeably in well-designed studies. Overall, WRICs can serve as an accurate and versatile means of assessing MR, capable of integrating RMR and short-interval AMR assessments into a single protocol.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Recruitment and retention of families interested in a parent-based pediatric obesity intervention

    Suzanne E. Mazzeo / C. Blair Burnette / Marilyn Stern / Laura M. Thornton / Cynthia M. Bulik / Ronald K. Evans / Rachel W. Gow

    Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications, Vol 16, Iss , Pp - (2019)

    2019  

    Abstract: Recruitment and retention in pediatric obesity treatment remains challenging, especially for groups at highest risk of this condition, including African Americans. However, most investigations examine attrition during intervention or follow-up. Little is ...

    Abstract Recruitment and retention in pediatric obesity treatment remains challenging, especially for groups at highest risk of this condition, including African Americans. However, most investigations examine attrition during intervention or follow-up. Little is known about those who refuse enrollment, or drop out at baseline. Thus, the trajectory of recruitment, enrollment, and retention, especially at these early stages, is not well understood, limiting knowledge of treatment access. This study examined enrollment in a pediatric weight management intervention. We provide demographic information on nested consort flow groups. We compared non-overlapping interest/enrollment groups to examine differences between those who progressed to the next consort flow group and those who did not; specifically the four groups examined were: (1) eligible at screening, did not attend baseline (nchildren = 261), (2) attended baseline, did not enroll (nchildren = 46), (3) enrolled, did not complete posttesting (nchildren = 81), and (4) completed posttesting (nchildren = 284). Of enrolled families, >70% were African American; >78% completed posttesting. No differences emerged across groups on sex, ethnicity, or race (ps > .05). Attrition was unrelated to initial child BMI. In this trial, the goal of enrolling diverse parents of children with obesity was achieved, and most enrollees completed treatment. Keywords: Retention, Pediatric obesity, African American, Parenting, Intervention
    Keywords Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article: Stress-induced microvascular reactivity in normal-weight and obese individuals

    Huang, Chun-Jung / Robert L. Franco / Ronald K. Evans / David C. Mari / Edmund O. Acevedo

    Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism. 2013 June 26, v. 39, no. 1

    2013  

    Abstract: Obesity has been shown to have profound effects on hemodynamics and neurological states in humans. Previous studies have demonstrated that obese individuals are highly susceptible to increases in tension, anxiety, and depression. However, the ... ...

    Abstract Obesity has been shown to have profound effects on hemodynamics and neurological states in humans. Previous studies have demonstrated that obese individuals are highly susceptible to increases in tension, anxiety, and depression. However, the relationship between mental stressors and vascular fluidity in obese humans is not well understood. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate mental-stress-induced microvascular reactivity (excess blood flow (EBF)) in normal-weight and obese individuals. In addition, the relationships between potential vascular response modulators (heart rate (HR) and norepinephrine (NE)) and EBF were examined. Twenty-two male subjects were classified as obese (n = 12) or normal-weight (n = 10), and each subject completed a 20 min bout of acute mental stress. Our analyses demonstrate significant elevations in forearm blood flow (FBF) and EBF immediately after mental stress in both normal-weight and obese groups. HR was only correlated with EBF immediately poststress in the normal-weight group. Furthermore, stress-induced plasma NE was not associated with FBF or EBF in either group, although in the obese group, stress-induced plasma NE was associated with body mass index and percent body fat. These results suggest that microvascular reactivity after mental stress is not directly related to plasma NE in normal-weight or obese individuals. The novel results presented in this study provide a foundation for additional examination of the mechanisms involved in the effects of mental stress on microvascular reactivity.
    Keywords anxiety ; arms (limbs) ; blood flow ; body mass index ; heart rate ; humans ; males ; metabolism ; norepinephrine ; nutrition ; obesity ; psychological stress
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2013-0626
    Size p. 47-52.
    Publishing place NRC Research Press
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2236708-1
    ISSN 1715-5320 ; 1715-5312
    ISSN (online) 1715-5320
    ISSN 1715-5312
    DOI 10.1139/apnm-2013-0094
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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