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  1. Article: Understanding Habitat Fragmentation Between a Full Tidal Bay and a Tidally Restricted Urban Lagoon

    Burdick-Whipp, Molly K. / Lowe, Christopher G. / Rosas, Alain M. / Whitcraft, Christine R.

    Estuaries and coasts. 2022 Jan., v. 45, no. 1

    2022  

    Abstract: Structures installed to modify hydrology in waterways such as culverts can cause fragmentation across intertidal and subtidal areas, leading to increased habitat patchiness of previous interconnected habitats. This study aimed to understand the potential ...

    Abstract Structures installed to modify hydrology in waterways such as culverts can cause fragmentation across intertidal and subtidal areas, leading to increased habitat patchiness of previous interconnected habitats. This study aimed to understand the potential impacts of a 268-m culvert on habitat parameters in a large tidal bay and a coastal lagoon in Southern California. We analyzed key habitat characteristics of both sites including water conditions and sediment characteristics as well as biotic communities including zooplankton, benthic macroinvertebrate, and fish communities. As compared to the tidal bay, the lagoon had more extreme temperature differences, decreased dissolved oxygen and salinity, and lower zooplankton abundance. The composition of zooplankton, benthic macroinvertebrates, and small fish communities also differed between the two habitats, suggesting higher habitat heterogeneity than might be expected given their proximity. Removing the culvert that connects these habitats and returning it to an earth-lined open channel would decrease fragmentation between the two habitats and improve trophic quality while retaining the estuarine characteristics of the overall system.
    Keywords coastal water ; culverts ; dissolved oxygen ; estuaries ; fish ; habitat fragmentation ; habitats ; littoral zone ; macroinvertebrates ; salinity ; temperature ; zooplankton ; California
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-01
    Size p. 225-246.
    Publishing place Springer US
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2229170-2
    ISSN 1559-2731 ; 1559-2723
    ISSN (online) 1559-2731
    ISSN 1559-2723
    DOI 10.1007/s12237-021-00948-9
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article ; Online: Urine biomarkers individually and as a consensus model show high sensitivity and specificity for detecting UTIs.

    Akhlaghpour, Marzieh / Haley, Emery / Parnell, Laura / Luke, Natalie / Mathur, Mohit / Festa, Richard A / Percaccio, Michael / Magallon, Jesus / Remedios-Chan, Mariana / Rosas, Alain / Wang, Jimin / Jiang, Yan / Anderson, Lori / Baunoch, David

    BMC infectious diseases

    2024  Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 153

    Abstract: Background: Current diagnoses of urinary tract infection (UTI) by standard urine culture (SUC) has significant limitations in sensitivity, especially for fastidious organisms, and the ability to identify organisms in polymicrobial infections. The ... ...

    Abstract Background: Current diagnoses of urinary tract infection (UTI) by standard urine culture (SUC) has significant limitations in sensitivity, especially for fastidious organisms, and the ability to identify organisms in polymicrobial infections. The significant rate of both SUC "negative" or "mixed flora/contamination" results in UTI cases and the high prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria indicate the need for an accurate diagnostic test to help identify true UTI cases. This study aimed to determine if infection-associated urinary biomarkers can differentiate definitive UTI cases from non-UTI controls.
    Methods: Midstream clean-catch voided urine samples were collected from asymptomatic volunteers and symptomatic subjects ≥ 60 years old diagnosed with a UTI in a urology specialty setting. Microbial identification and density were assessed using a multiplex PCR/pooled antibiotic susceptibility test (M-PCR/P-AST) and SUC. Three biomarkers [neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and Interleukins 8 and 1β (IL-8, and IL-1β)] were also measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Definitive UTI cases were defined as symptomatic subjects with a UTI diagnosis and positive microorganism detection by SUC and M-PCR, while definitive non-UTI cases were defined as asymptomatic volunteers.
    Results: We observed a strong positive correlation (R
    Conclusion: We demonstrated that positive infection-associated urinary biomarkers NGAL, IL-8, and IL-1β, in symptomatic subjects with positive SUC and/or M-PCR results was associated with definitive UTI cases. A consensus criterion with ≥ 2 of the biomarkers meeting the positivity thresholds showed a good balance of sensitivity (84.0%), specificity (91.2%), and accuracy (86.9%). Therefore, this biomarker consensus is an excellent supportive diagnostic tool for resolving the presence of active UTI, particularly if SUC and M-PCR results disagree.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Middle Aged ; Lipocalin-2 ; Interleukin-8 ; Consensus ; ROC Curve ; Urinary Tract Infections/diagnosis ; Biomarkers ; Sensitivity and Specificity
    Chemical Substances Lipocalin-2 ; Interleukin-8 ; Biomarkers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-31
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2041550-3
    ISSN 1471-2334 ; 1471-2334
    ISSN (online) 1471-2334
    ISSN 1471-2334
    DOI 10.1186/s12879-024-09044-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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