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Article ; Online: Biodetoxification and Protective Properties of Probiotics

Oana Lelia Pop / Ramona Suharoschi / Rosita Gabbianelli

Microorganisms, Vol 10, Iss 7, p

2022 Volume 1278

Abstract: Probiotic consumption is recognized as being generally safe and correlates with multiple and valuable health benefits. However, the mechanism by which it helps detoxify the body and its anti-carcinogenic and antimutagenic potential is less discussed. A ... ...

Abstract	Probiotic consumption is recognized as being generally safe and correlates with multiple and valuable health benefits. However, the mechanism by which it helps detoxify the body and its anti-carcinogenic and antimutagenic potential is less discussed. A widely known fact is that globalization and mass food production/cultivation make it impossible to keep all possible risks under control. Scientists associate the multitude of diseases in the days when we live with these risks that threaten the population’s safety in terms of food. This review aims to explore whether the use of probiotics may be a safe, economically viable, and versatile tool in biodetoxification despite the numerous risks associated with food and the limited possibility to evaluate the contaminants. Based on scientific data, this paper focuses on the aspects mentioned above and demonstrates the probiotics’ possible risks, as well as their anti-carcinogenic and antimutagenic potential. After reviewing the probiotic capacity to react with pathogens, fungi infection, mycotoxins, acrylamide toxicity, benzopyrene, and heavy metals, we can conclude that the specific probiotic strain and probiotic combinations bring significant health outcomes. Furthermore, the biodetoxification maximization process can be performed using probiotic-bioactive compound association.
Keywords	probiotics ; food contaminants ; detoxification ; antimutagen ; anticarcinogen ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Effects of Trimethylamine and Trimethylamine Oxide on Human Serum Albumin Observed by Tryptophan Fluorescence and Absorbance Spectroscopies

Laura Bordoni / Roberta Galeazzi / Giorgia Giorgini / Rosita Gabbianelli

Applied Sciences, Vol 13, Iss 1, p

2022 Volume 421

Abstract: Trimethylamine (TMA) is an aliphatic tertiary amine produced by gut microbiota, starting from dietary precursors such as L-choline, L-carnitine and betaine. TMA and its metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) are elevated in the plasma of cardiovascular ...

Abstract	Trimethylamine (TMA) is an aliphatic tertiary amine produced by gut microbiota, starting from dietary precursors such as L-choline, L-carnitine and betaine. TMA and its metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) are elevated in the plasma of cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients. Despite extensive literature on this topic, the scientific community is still divided on which of the two molecules is responsible for the harmful effects on human health. To assess whether the plasma levels of these molecules are also modulated by interactions with macromolecules present in the plasma, the weak bonds between TMA or/and TMAO with human serum albumin (HSA) were studied via molecular docking and spectrofluorimetric assay. The impact of TMA and TMAO on HSA and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) oxidation was also evaluated. Docking analysis shows three main binding sites for TMA and two for TMAO. Spectrofluorimetric results show interactions of HSA with TMA and TMAO; a significant ( p = 0.010) decrease in Trp-214 intrinsic fluorescence of HSA was measured starting from the lowest concentrations of both TMA and TMAO (3.26 nM and 29.2 nM, respectively). Furthermore, at all concentrations tested, no significant effect on the formation of carbonyls in HSA was measured ( p > 0.05) in the presence of TMA or TMAO. However, 28.6 mM TMAO significantly increased ( p < 0.05) the degree of oxidation of LDL, suggesting that TMAO has a pro-oxidant role on LDL.
Keywords	HSA ; molecular docking ; fluorescence ; oxidative stress ; TMA ; TMAO ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Primers on nutrigenetics and nutri(epi)genomics: Origins and development of precision nutrition

Bordoni, Laura / Rosita Gabbianelli

Biochimie. 2019 May, v. 160

2019

Abstract: Understanding the relationship between genotype and phenotype is a central goal not just for genetics but also for medicine and biological sciences. Despite outstanding technological progresses, genetics alone is not able to completely explain phenotypes, ...

Abstract	Understanding the relationship between genotype and phenotype is a central goal not just for genetics but also for medicine and biological sciences. Despite outstanding technological progresses, genetics alone is not able to completely explain phenotypes, in particular for complex diseases. Given the existence of a “missing heritability”, growing attention has been given to non-mendelian mechanisms of inheritance and to the role of the environment. The study of interaction between gene and environment represents a challenging but also a promising field with high potential for health prevention, and epigenetics has been suggested as one of the best candidate to mediate environmental effects on the genome.Among environmental factors able to interact with both genome and epigenome, nutrition is one of the most impacting. Not just our genome influences the responsiveness to food and nutrients, but vice versa, nutrition can also modify gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms. In this complex picture, nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics represent appealing disciplines aimed to define new prospectives of personalized nutrition. This review introduces to the study of gene-environment interactions and describes how nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics modulate health, promoting or affecting healthiness through life-style, thus playing a pivotal role in modulating the effect of genetic predispositions.
Keywords	environmental factors ; environmental impact ; epigenetics ; gene expression ; genes ; genomics ; genotype ; inheritance (genetics) ; lifestyle ; medicine ; nutrients ; nutrigenomics ; phenotype
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-05
Size	p. 156-171.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	120345-9
ISSN	0300-9084
ISSN	0300-9084
DOI	10.1016/j.biochi.2019.03.006
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Mitochondrial DNA methylation and copy number predict body composition in a young female population

Laura Bordoni / Vanessa Smerilli / Cinzia Nasuti / Rosita Gabbianelli

Journal of Translational Medicine, Vol 17, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2019 Volume 11

Abstract: Abstract Background Since both genomic and environmental factors are involved in obesity etiology, several studies about the influence of adiposity on both nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA methylation patterns have been carried out. Nevertheless, few ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Since both genomic and environmental factors are involved in obesity etiology, several studies about the influence of adiposity on both nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA methylation patterns have been carried out. Nevertheless, few evidences exploring the usage of buccal swab samples to study mitochondrial DNA epigenetics can be found in literature. Methods In this study, mitochondrial DNA from buccal swabs collected from a young Caucasian population (n = 69) have been used to examine potential correlation between mitochondrial DNA copy number and methylation with body composition (BMI, WHtR and bioimpedance measurements). Results A negative correlation between mitochondrial DNA copy number and BMI was measured in females (p = 0.028), but not in males. The mean percentage of D-loop methylation is significantly higher in overweight than in lean female subjects (p = 0.003), and a specific CpG located in the D-loop shows per se an association with impaired body composition (p = 0.004). Body composition impairment is predicted by a combined variable including mtDNA copy number and the D-loop methylation (AUC = 0.785; p = 0.009). Conclusions This study corroborates the hypothesis that mitochondrial DNA carries relevant information about body composition. However, wider investigations able to validate the usage of mtDNA methylation from buccal swabs as a biomarker are warranted.
Keywords	Mitochondrial epigenetics ; DNA methylation ; Buccal swabs ; Body composition ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	570
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: NURR1 Alterations in Perinatal Stress

Laura Bordoni / Irene Petracci / Jean Calleja-Agius / Joan G. Lalor / Rosita Gabbianelli

Biomedicines, Vol 8, Iss 584, p

A First Step towards Late-Onset Diseases? A Narrative Review

2020 Volume 584

Abstract: Perinatal life represents a delicate phase of development where stimuli of all sorts, coming to or from the mother, can influence the programming of the future baby’s health. These stimuli may have consequences that persist throughout adulthood. Nuclear ... ...

Abstract	Perinatal life represents a delicate phase of development where stimuli of all sorts, coming to or from the mother, can influence the programming of the future baby’s health. These stimuli may have consequences that persist throughout adulthood. Nuclear receptor related 1 protein (NURR1), a transcription factor with a critical role in the development of the dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain, mediates the response to stressful environmental stimuli in the perinatal period. During pregnancy, low-grade inflammation triggered by maternal obesity, hyperinsulinemia or vaginal infections alters NURR1 expression in human gestational tissues. A similar scenario is triggered by exposure to neurotoxic compounds, which are associated with NURR1 epigenetic deregulation in the offspring, with potential intergenerational effects. Since these alterations have been associated with an increased risk of developing late-onset diseases in children, NURR1, alone, or in combination with other molecular markers, has been proposed as a new prognostic tool and a potential therapeutic target for several pathological conditions. This narrative review describes perinatal stress associated with NURR1 gene deregulation, which is proposed here as a mediator of late-onset consequences of early life events.
Keywords	perinatal stress ; NURR1 ; inflammation ; late-onset diseases ; early life ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Nutri-Epigenetics and Gut Microbiota

Rosita Gabbianelli / Laura Bordoni / Sandra Morano / Jean Calleja-Agius / Joan G. Lalor

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 21, Iss 5032, p

How Birth Care, Bonding and Breastfeeding Can Influence and Be Influenced?

2020 Volume 5032

Abstract: Maternal lifestyle is an important factor in the programming of an infant’s epigenome, in particular when considered alongside the mode of birth and choice of feeding method (i.e., breastfeeding or formula feeding). Beginning in utero, and during the ... ...

Abstract	Maternal lifestyle is an important factor in the programming of an infant’s epigenome, in particular when considered alongside the mode of birth and choice of feeding method (i.e., breastfeeding or formula feeding). Beginning in utero, and during the first two years of an infant’s life, cells acquire an epigenetic memory of the neonatal exposome which can be influential across the entire lifespan. Parental lifestyle (e.g., malnutrition, alcohol intake, smoke, stress, exposure to xenobiotics and/or drugs) can modify both the maternal and paternal epigenome, leading to epigenetic inheritance in their offspring. This review aims to outline the origin of early life modulation of the epigenome, and to share this fundamental concept with all the health care professionals involved in the development and provision of care during childbirth in order to inform future parents and clinicians of the importance of the this process and the key role it plays in the programming of a child’s health.
Keywords	nutri-epigenetics ; gut microbiota ; breastfeeding ; birth care ; best practice ; parent education ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	300
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: An Overview of Gut Microbiota and Colon Diseases with a Focus on Adenomatous Colon Polyps

Oana Lelia Pop / Dan Cristian Vodnar / Zorita Diaconeasa / Magdalena Istrati / Adriana Bințințan / Vasile Virgil Bințințan / Ramona Suharoschi / Rosita Gabbianelli

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 21, Iss 7359, p

2020 Volume 7359

Abstract: It is known and accepted that the gut microbiota composition of an organism has an impact on its health. Many studies deal with this topic, the majority discussing gastrointestinal health. Adenomatous colon polyps have a high prevalence as colon cancer ... ...

Abstract	It is known and accepted that the gut microbiota composition of an organism has an impact on its health. Many studies deal with this topic, the majority discussing gastrointestinal health. Adenomatous colon polyps have a high prevalence as colon cancer precursors, but in many cases, they are hard to diagnose in their early stages. Gut microbiota composition correlated with the presence of adenomatous colon polyps may be a noninvasive and efficient tool for diagnosis with a high impact on human wellbeing and favorable health care costs. This review is meant to analyze the gut microbiota correlated with the presence of adenomatous colon polyps as the first step for early diagnosis, prophylaxis, and treatment.
Keywords	microbiota ; adenomatous colon polyps ; colon diseases ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A Pilot Study on the Effects of l -Carnitine and Trimethylamine-N-Oxide on Platelet Mitochondrial DNA Methylation and CVD Biomarkers in Aged Women

Laura Bordoni / Angelika K. Sawicka / Arkadiusz Szarmach / Pawel J. Winklewski / Robert A. Olek / Rosita Gabbianelli

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 21, Iss 3, p

2020 Volume 1047

Abstract: l -carnitine supplementation has been used for cardiovascular health protection for a long time. Recently, trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), which is an end product of l -carnitine metabolism via the activity of microbiota, has been identified as a ... ...

Abstract	l -carnitine supplementation has been used for cardiovascular health protection for a long time. Recently, trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), which is an end product of l -carnitine metabolism via the activity of microbiota, has been identified as a cardiovascular disease (CVD) biomarker. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of 6 months of l -carnitine supplementation in a group of aged women engaged in a regular physical training. Platelet mitochondrial DNA methylation, an emerging and innovative biomarker, lipid profile and TMAO levels have been measured. TMAO increased after l -carnitine supplementation (before 344.3 ± 129.8 ng/mL vs. after 2216.8 ± 1869.0 ng/mL; n = 9; paired t-test, p = 0.02). No significant effects on TMAO were exerted by training alone ( n = 9) or by l -leucine supplementation ( n = 12). TMAO levels after 6 months of l -carnitine supplementation were associated with higher low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c) (Spearman Rho = 0.518, p = 0.003) and total cholesterol (TC) (Spearman Rho = 0.407, p = 0.026) levels. l -carnitine supplementation increased D-loop methylation in platelets (+6.63%; paired t-test, p = 0.005). D-loop methylation was not directly correlated to the TMAO augmentation observed in the supplemented group, but its increase inversely correlated with TC (Pearson coefficient = −0.529, p = 0.029) and LDL-c (Pearson coefficient = −0.439, p = 0.048). This evidence supports the hypothesis that the correlation between l -carnitine, TMAO and atherosclerosis might be more complex than already postulated, and the alteration of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) methylation in platelets could be involved in the pathogenesis of this multifactorial disease.
Keywords	mtdna methylation ; tmao ; d-loop ; cvd ; l -carnitine ; nutrigenomics ; biomarker ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	310
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Positive effect of an electrolyzed reduced water on gut permeability, fecal microbiota and liver in an animal model of Parkinson's disease.

Laura Bordoni / Rosita Gabbianelli / Donatella Fedeli / Dennis Fiorini / Ina Bergheim / Cheng Jun Jin / Lisa Marinelli / Antonio Di Stefano / Cinzia Nasuti

PLoS ONE, Vol 14, Iss 10, p e

2019 Volume 0223238

Abstract: There is growing awareness within the scientific community of the strong connection between the inflammation in the intestine and the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). In previous studies we developed a PD animal model exposing pup rats to ... ...

Abstract	There is growing awareness within the scientific community of the strong connection between the inflammation in the intestine and the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). In previous studies we developed a PD animal model exposing pup rats to permethrin (PERM) pesticide. Here, we intended to explore whether in our animal model there were changes in gut permeability, fecal microbiota and hepatic injury. Moreover, we tested if the co-treatment with an electrolyzed reduced (ERW) was effective to protect against alterations induced by PERM. Rats (from postnatal day 6 to 21) were gavaged daily with PERM, PERM+ERW or vehicle and gut, liver and feces were analyzed in 2-months-old rats. Increased gut permeability, measured by FITC-dextran assay, was detected in PERM group compared to control and PERM+ERW groups. In duodenum and ileum, concentration of occludin was higher in control group than those measured in PERM group, whereas only in duodenum ZO-1 was higher in control than those measured in PERM and PERM+ERW groups. Number of inflammatory focis and neutrophils as well as iNOS protein levels were higher in livers of PERM-treated rats than in those of PERM+ERW and control rats. Fecal microbiota analysis revealed that Lachnospira was less abundant and Defluviitaleaceae more abundant in the PERM group, whereas the co-treatment with ERW was protective against PERM treatment since the abundances in Lachnospira and Defluviitaleaceae were similar to those in the control group. Higher abundances of butyrate- producing bacteria such as Blautia, U.m. of Lachnospiraceae family, U.m. of Ruminococcaceae family, Papillibacter, Roseburia, Intestinimonas, Shuttleworthia together with higher butyric acid levels were detected in PERM+ERW group compared to the other groups. In conclusion, the PD animal model showed increased intestinal permeability together with hepatic inflammation correlated with altered gut microbiota. The positive effects of ERW co-treatment observed in gut, liver and brain of rats were linked to changes on ...
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Permethrin pesticide induces NURR1 up-regulation in dopaminergic cell line: Is the pro-oxidant effect involved in toxicant-neuronal damage?

Bordoni, Laura / Cinzia Nasuti / Dennis Fiorini / Donatella Fedeli / Melania Capitani / Rosita Gabbianelli

Comparative biochemistry and physiology. 2017 Oct., v. 201

2017

Abstract: The mechanisms associated to the development of neurodegeneration due to pesticide exposure are not clear yet. In this study we evaluated how permethrin pesticide (PERM) can influence the Nurr1 gene and protein expression, and if a pro-oxidant activity ... ...

Abstract	The mechanisms associated to the development of neurodegeneration due to pesticide exposure are not clear yet. In this study we evaluated how permethrin pesticide (PERM) can influence the Nurr1 gene and protein expression, and if a pro-oxidant activity of the pesticide contributes to up-regulation of Nurr1 in a dopaminergic cell line. Incubation of PC12 cells with 1μM PERM for 72h, leads to over expression of Nurr1 gene. This effect occurs with both corn oil and extra virgin olive oil (EVO) used to solubilize the toxicant. In order to investigate if the Nurr1 up-regulation induced by PERM, was associated to the pro-oxidant activity of the pesticide, anti-oxidants as glutathione (GSH), tocotrienols (TOC) and Electrolyzed Reduced Water (ERW) were tested. RT-PCR of Nurr1 showed that its up-regulation was significantly reduced in the presence of antioxidants, especially by addition of ERW. Western-blot analysis reveals that ERW was able to counterbalance the up-regulation of Nurr1 protein induced by permethrin exposure.
Keywords	antioxidants ; corn oil ; extra-virgin olive oil ; genes ; glutathione ; neurodegenerative diseases ; permethrin ; protein synthesis ; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction ; tocotrienols
Language	English
Dates of publication	2017-10
Size	p. 51-57.
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	189285-x
ISSN	0306-4492 ; 0742-8413 ; 1532-0456
ISSN	0306-4492 ; 0742-8413 ; 1532-0456
DOI	10.1016/j.cbpc.2017.09.006
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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