Article ; Online: Arrestin Recruitment to C-C Chemokine Receptor 5: Potent C-C Chemokine Ligand 5 Analogs Reveal Differences in Dependence on Receptor Phosphorylation and Isoform-Specific Recruitment Bias.
2020 Volume 98, Issue 5, Page(s) 599–611
Abstract: C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) is a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily. An established anti-human immunodeficiency virus drug target, CCR5 is attracting significant additional interest in both cancer and ... ...
| Abstract | C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) is a chemokine receptor belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily. An established anti-human immunodeficiency virus drug target, CCR5 is attracting significant additional interest in both cancer and neuroinflammation. Several N-terminally engineered analogs of C-C chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5), a natural ligand of CCR5, are highly potent CCR5 inhibitors. The inhibitory mechanisms of certain analogs relate to modulation of receptor desensitization, but the cellular and molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Here we made use of a collection of CCR5 phosphorylation mutants and arrestin variants to investigate how CCL5 analogs differ from CCL5 in their capacity to elicit both CCR5 phosphorylation and arrestin recruitment, with reference to the current "core" and "tail" interaction model for arrestin-GPCR interaction. We showed that CCL5 recruits both arrestin 2 and arrestin 3 to CCR5 with recruitment, particularly of arrestin 2, strongly dependent on the arrestin tail interaction. 5P12-RANTES does not elicit receptor phosphorylation or arrestin recruitment. In contrast, PSC-RANTES induces CCR5 hyperphosphorylation, driving enhanced arrestin recruitment with lower dependence on the arrestin tail interaction. 5P14-RANTES induces comparable levels of receptor phosphorylation to CCL5, but arrestin recruitment is absolutely dependent on the arrestin tail interaction, and in one of the cellular backgrounds used, recruitment showed isoform bias toward arrestin 3 versus arrestin 2. No evidence for ligand-specific differences in receptor phosphorylation patterns across the four implicated serine residues was observed. Our results improve understanding of the molecular pharmacology of CCR5 and help further elucidate the inhibitory mechanisms of a group of potent inhibitors. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) is a key drug target for human immunodeficiency virus, cancer, and inflammation. Highly potent chemokine analog inhibitors act via the modulation of receptor desensitization, a process initiated by the recruitment of arrestin proteins. This study shows that potent C-C chemokine ligand 5 analogs differ from each other and from the parent chemokine in the extent and quality of CCR5-arrestin association that they elicit, providing valuable insights into CCR5 pharmacology and cell biology that will facilitate the development of new medicines targeting this important receptor. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Animals ; Arrestin/metabolism ; Arrestins/metabolism ; CHO Cells ; Cell Line ; Chemokine CCL5/metabolism ; Chemokines/metabolism ; Chemokines, CC/metabolism ; Cricetulus ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Ligands ; Phosphorylation/physiology ; Protein Isoforms/metabolism ; Receptors, Chemokine/metabolism ; Signal Transduction/physiology ; beta-Arrestin 1/metabolism |
| Chemical Substances | 5P12-RANTES ; Arrestin ; Arrestins ; CCL5 protein, human ; Chemokine CCL5 ; Chemokines ; Chemokines, CC ; Ligands ; Protein Isoforms ; Receptors, Chemokine ; arrestin3 ; beta-Arrestin 1 |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2020-09-17 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| ZDB-ID | 124034-1 |
| ISSN | 1521-0111 ; 0026-895X |
| ISSN (online) | 1521-0111 |
| ISSN | 0026-895X |
| DOI | 10.1124/molpharm.120.000036 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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