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  1. Article ; Online: Enterovirus and Paraechovirus Meningitis in Neonates: Which Is the Difference?

    Picone, Simonetta / Mondì, Vito / Di Palma, Federico / Valli, Maria Beatrice / Rueca, Martina / Bedetta, Manuela / Paolillo, Piermichele

    Clinical pediatrics

    2024  , Page(s) 99228241235448

    Abstract: Enterovirus (EV) and parechovirus (HPeV) are common viruses in the neonatal period, with similar seasonality and symptomatology. They also are the main causes of aseptic meningitis in newborns and children under 1 year of age. We compared the clinical ... ...

    Abstract Enterovirus (EV) and parechovirus (HPeV) are common viruses in the neonatal period, with similar seasonality and symptomatology. They also are the main causes of aseptic meningitis in newborns and children under 1 year of age. We compared the clinical signs, laboratory data, brain, and neurodevelopmental outcome of 10 infants with HPeV and 8 with EV meningitis. In patients with EV meningitis, serum C-reactive protein (CRP) values were significantly higher than those of patients with HPeV infection. Procalcitonin values were low in both groups. White blood cell (WBC) and lymphocyte values were significantly higher in EV patients. None of the infants had a brain lesion on cerebral ultrasound neither negative neurological outcome. Based solely on symptoms, it is not possible to distinguish HPeV from EV infection. C-reactive protein, WBC, and lymphocyte values might allow the physician to assume EV infection. The gold standard test for diagnosis remains real-time polymerase chain reaction on cerebral spinal fluid.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 207678-0
    ISSN 1938-2707 ; 0009-9228
    ISSN (online) 1938-2707
    ISSN 0009-9228
    DOI 10.1177/00099228241235448
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Concomitant Syndromic Diagnosis of Mpox and Other Vesicular Viruses in Patients with Skin and Genital Lesions.

    Valli, Maria Beatrice / Vulcano, Antonella / Rueca, Martina / Matusali, Giulia / Mazzotta, Valentina / Nicastri, Emanuele / Girardi, Enrico / Fontana, Carla / Antinori, Andrea / Maggi, Fabrizio

    Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)

    2024  Volume 13, Issue 3

    Abstract: The recent multi-country outbreak of the zoonotic monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection in humans without an epidemiological link with endemic areas has raised concerns about the route of transmission. Since the infection spread largely among men who have sex ...

    Abstract The recent multi-country outbreak of the zoonotic monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection in humans without an epidemiological link with endemic areas has raised concerns about the route of transmission. Since the infection spread largely among men who have sex with men who, in most cases, presented primary lesions of the genital and oral mucosa, sexual transmission has been proposed. In the present study, we retrospectively evaluated specimens of vesicular lesions collected from the skin and genital tract of 35 patients (23 positive and 12 negative) presenting at our Institute for monkeypox (mpox) diagnosis by using a novel molecular syndromic vesicular virus panel (VVP) assay. All MPXV-positive samples but one was confirmed; however, the viral syndromic analysis revealed that 8.6% of them were coinfected with one or more viruses, and 17% had at least a virus different from the MPXV. The percentage of coinfections increased to more than 25% when nonviral pathogens, such as gonorrhea and syphilis, were also considered. These results show the usefulness of syndromic diagnosis in cases where MPXV is suspected (and vice versa) and at the same time highlight that the broader screening of sexually transmitted infections in the population with high-risk sexual behavior is critical to ensure a complete etiology and appropriate treatment.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-27
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2695572-6
    ISSN 2076-0817
    ISSN 2076-0817
    DOI 10.3390/pathogens13030207
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Partial N-gene target failure in the Seegene Allplex SARS-CoV-2 Master Assay as a proxy of SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.86.

    Valli, Maria Beatrice / Schiavone, Maria Letizia / Rueca, Martina / Berno, Giulia / Spezia, Pietro Giorgio / Gruber, Cesare Ernesto Maria / Forbici, Federica / Fabeni, Lavinia / Focosi, Daniele / Girardi, Enrico / Meledandri, Marcello / Maggi, Fabrizio

    Microbiology spectrum

    2024  , Page(s) e0017924

    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 2807133-5
    ISSN 2165-0497 ; 2165-0497
    ISSN (online) 2165-0497
    ISSN 2165-0497
    DOI 10.1128/spectrum.00179-24
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Detection of recombinant breakpoint in the genome of human enterovirus E11 strain associated with a fatal nosocomial outbreak

    Rueca, Martina / Lanini, Simone / Giombini, Emanuela / Messina, Francesco / Castilletti, Concetta / Ippolito, Giuseppe / Capobianchi, Maria Rosaria / Valli, Maria Beatrice

    Virol J. 2022 Dec., v. 19, no. 1 p.97-97

    2022  

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to characterize the genome of a recombinant Enterovirus associated with severe and fatal nosocomial infection; it was typed as Echovirus 11 (E-11) according to the VP1 gene. Enterovirus infection is generally ... ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to characterize the genome of a recombinant Enterovirus associated with severe and fatal nosocomial infection; it was typed as Echovirus 11 (E-11) according to the VP1 gene. Enterovirus infection is generally asymptomatic and self-limited, but occasionally it may progress to a more severe clinical manifestation, as in the case described here. Recombination plays a crucial role in the evolution of Enteroviruses (EVs) and has been recognized as the main driving force behind the emergence of epidemic strains associated with severe infection. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to monitor the circulation of recombinant strains for surveillance purposes. METHODS: Enterovirus-RNA was detected in the serum and liver biopsy of patients involved in the nosocomial cluster by commercial One-Step qRT-PCR method and the Enterovirus strains were isolated in vitro. The EVs typing was determined by analyzing the partial-length of the 5′UTR and VP1 sequences with the web-based open-access Enterovirus Genotyping Tool Version 0.1. The amplicons targeting 5′UTR, VP1 and overlapping fragments of the entire genome were sequenced with the Sanger method. Phylogenetic analysis was performed comparing the VP1 and the full-genome sequences of our strains against an appropriate reference set of Enterovirus prototypes of the Picornaviridae genera and species retrieved from the Enterovirus Genotyping Tool. Recombination analysis was performed using RDP4 software. RESULTS: The Neighbor-Joining tree of the VP1 gene revealed that the 4 patients were infected with an identical molecular variant of Echovirus 11 (E-11). While the phylogenetic and the RDP4 analysis of the full-genome sequences provided evidence that it was a chimeric strain between an E-11 and a Coxsackievirus B (CV-B). CONCLUSIONS: The chimeric structure of the E-11 genome might have contributed to the severe infection and epidemic feature of the strain, but further biological characterizations are needed. The evidence reported in this study, highlights the limit of typing techniques based on the VP1 gene, as they fail to identify the emergence of recombinant strains with potentially more pathogenic or epidemic properties, thus providing only partial information on the epidemiology and pathogenesis of Enteroviruses.
    Keywords Human enterovirus ; Internet ; biopsy ; blood serum ; computer software ; cross infection ; enterovirus Infections ; epidemiology ; genes ; genotyping ; liver ; monitoring ; pathogenesis ; phylogeny
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-12
    Size p. 97.
    Publishing place BioMed Central
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2160640-7
    ISSN 1743-422X
    ISSN 1743-422X
    DOI 10.1186/s12985-022-01821-2
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article: SARS-CoV-2 Variants Identification: Overview of Molecular Existing Methods

    Berno, Giulia / Fabeni, Lavinia / Matusali, Giulia / Gruber, Cesare Ernesto Maria / Rueca, Martina / Giombini, Emanuela / Garbuglia, Anna Rosa

    Pathogens. 2022 Sept. 17, v. 11, no. 9

    2022  

    Abstract: Since the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic the Real Time sharing of genome sequences of circulating virus supported the diagnostics and surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 and its transmission dynamics. SARS-CoV-2 straightaway showed its tendency to mutate and ... ...

    Abstract Since the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic the Real Time sharing of genome sequences of circulating virus supported the diagnostics and surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 and its transmission dynamics. SARS-CoV-2 straightaway showed its tendency to mutate and adapt to the host, culminating in the emergence of variants; so it immediately became of crucial importance to be able to detect them quickly but also to be able to monitor in depth the changes on the whole genome to early identify the new possibly emerging variants. In this scenario, this manuscript aims to provide an overview of the existing methods for the identification of SARS-CoV-2 variants (from rapid method based on identification of one or more specific mutations to Whole Genome sequencing approach-WGS), taking into account limitations, advantages and applications of them in the field of diagnosis and surveillance of SARS-CoV-2.
    Keywords COVID-19 infection ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ; diagnostic techniques ; genome ; monitoring ; rapid methods ; viruses
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0917
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2695572-6
    ISSN 2076-0817
    ISSN 2076-0817
    DOI 10.3390/pathogens11091058
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article ; Online: The Easy-to-Use SARS-CoV-2 Assembler for Genome Sequencing: Development Study.

    Rueca, Martina / Giombini, Emanuela / Messina, Francesco / Bartolini, Barbara / Di Caro, Antonino / Capobianchi, Maria Rosaria / Gruber, Cesare Em

    JMIR bioinformatics and biotechnology

    2022  Volume 3, Issue 1, Page(s) e31536

    Abstract: Background: Early sequencing and quick analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 genome have contributed to the understanding of the dynamics of COVID-19 epidemics and in designing countermeasures at a global level.: Objective: Amplicon-based next-generation ... ...

    Abstract Background: Early sequencing and quick analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 genome have contributed to the understanding of the dynamics of COVID-19 epidemics and in designing countermeasures at a global level.
    Objective: Amplicon-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods are widely used to sequence the SARS-CoV-2 genome and to identify novel variants that are emerging in rapid succession as well as harboring multiple deletions and amino acid-changing mutations.
    Methods: To facilitate the analysis of NGS sequencing data obtained from amplicon-based sequencing methods, here, we propose an easy-to-use SARS-CoV-2 genome assembler: the Easy-to-use SARS-CoV-2 Assembler (ESCA) pipeline.
    Results: Our results have shown that ESCA could perform high-quality genome assembly from Ion Torrent and Illumina raw data and help the user in easily correct low-coverage regions. Moreover, ESCA includes the possibility of comparing assembled genomes of multisample runs through an easy table format.
    Conclusions: In conclusion, ESCA automatically furnished a variant table output file, fundamental to rapidly recognizing variants of interest. Our pipeline could be a useful method for obtaining a complete, rapid, and accurate analysis even with minimal knowledge in bioinformatics.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-14
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2563-3570
    ISSN (online) 2563-3570
    DOI 10.2196/31536
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: SARS-CoV-2 Variants Identification: Overview of Molecular Existing Methods.

    Berno, Giulia / Fabeni, Lavinia / Matusali, Giulia / Gruber, Cesare Ernesto Maria / Rueca, Martina / Giombini, Emanuela / Garbuglia, Anna Rosa

    Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 9

    Abstract: Since the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic the Real Time sharing of genome sequences of circulating virus supported the diagnostics and surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 and its transmission dynamics. SARS-CoV-2 straightaway showed its tendency to mutate and ... ...

    Abstract Since the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic the Real Time sharing of genome sequences of circulating virus supported the diagnostics and surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 and its transmission dynamics. SARS-CoV-2 straightaway showed its tendency to mutate and adapt to the host, culminating in the emergence of variants; so it immediately became of crucial importance to be able to detect them quickly but also to be able to monitor in depth the changes on the whole genome to early identify the new possibly emerging variants. In this scenario, this manuscript aims to provide an overview of the existing methods for the identification of SARS-CoV-2 variants (from rapid method based on identification of one or more specific mutations to Whole Genome sequencing approach-WGS), taking into account limitations, advantages and applications of them in the field of diagnosis and surveillance of SARS-CoV-2.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-17
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2695572-6
    ISSN 2076-0817
    ISSN 2076-0817
    DOI 10.3390/pathogens11091058
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Detection of recombinant breakpoint in the genome of human enterovirus E11 strain associated with a fatal nosocomial outbreak.

    Rueca, Martina / Lanini, Simone / Giombini, Emanuela / Messina, Francesco / Castilletti, Concetta / Ippolito, Giuseppe / Capobianchi, Maria Rosaria / Valli, Maria Beatrice

    Virology journal

    2022  Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 97

    Abstract: Background: The aim of this study was to characterize the genome of a recombinant Enterovirus associated with severe and fatal nosocomial infection; it was typed as Echovirus 11 (E-11) according to the VP1 gene. Enterovirus infection is generally ... ...

    Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to characterize the genome of a recombinant Enterovirus associated with severe and fatal nosocomial infection; it was typed as Echovirus 11 (E-11) according to the VP1 gene. Enterovirus infection is generally asymptomatic and self-limited, but occasionally it may progress to a more severe clinical manifestation, as in the case described here. Recombination plays a crucial role in the evolution of Enteroviruses (EVs) and has been recognized as the main driving force behind the emergence of epidemic strains associated with severe infection. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to monitor the circulation of recombinant strains for surveillance purposes.
    Methods: Enterovirus-RNA was detected in the serum and liver biopsy of patients involved in the nosocomial cluster by commercial One-Step qRT-PCR method and the Enterovirus strains were isolated in vitro. The EVs typing was determined by analyzing the partial-length of the 5'UTR and VP1 sequences with the web-based open-access Enterovirus Genotyping Tool Version 0.1. The amplicons targeting 5'UTR, VP1 and overlapping fragments of the entire genome were sequenced with the Sanger method. Phylogenetic analysis was performed comparing the VP1 and the full-genome sequences of our strains against an appropriate reference set of Enterovirus prototypes of the Picornaviridae genera and species retrieved from the Enterovirus Genotyping Tool. Recombination analysis was performed using RDP4 software.
    Results: The Neighbor-Joining tree of the VP1 gene revealed that the 4 patients were infected with an identical molecular variant of Echovirus 11 (E-11). While the phylogenetic and the RDP4 analysis of the full-genome sequences provided evidence that it was a chimeric strain between an E-11 and a Coxsackievirus B (CV-B).
    Conclusions: The chimeric structure of the E-11 genome might have contributed to the severe infection and epidemic feature of the strain, but further biological characterizations are needed. The evidence reported in this study, highlights the limit of typing techniques based on the VP1 gene, as they fail to identify the emergence of recombinant strains with potentially more pathogenic or epidemic properties, thus providing only partial information on the epidemiology and pathogenesis of Enteroviruses.
    MeSH term(s) 5' Untranslated Regions ; Cross Infection/epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Enterovirus ; Enterovirus B, Human ; Enterovirus Infections/epidemiology ; Genome, Viral ; Humans ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Viral/chemistry ; RNA, Viral/genetics
    Chemical Substances 5' Untranslated Regions ; RNA, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2160640-7
    ISSN 1743-422X ; 1743-422X
    ISSN (online) 1743-422X
    ISSN 1743-422X
    DOI 10.1186/s12985-022-01821-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Variants via Different Diagnostics Assays Based on Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Analysis.

    Specchiarello, Eliana / Matusali, Giulia / Carletti, Fabrizio / Gruber, Cesare Ernesto Maria / Fabeni, Lavinia / Minosse, Claudia / Giombini, Emanuela / Rueca, Martina / Maggi, Fabrizio / Amendola, Alessandra / Garbuglia, Anna Rosa

    Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 9

    Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is characterized by fast evolution with the appearance of several variants. Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology is considered the gold standard for monitoring known and new SARS-CoV-2 ... ...

    Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is characterized by fast evolution with the appearance of several variants. Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology is considered the gold standard for monitoring known and new SARS-CoV-2 variants. However, the complexity of this technology renders this approach impracticable in laboratories located in areas with limited resources. We analyzed the capability of the ThermoFisher TaqPath COVID-19 RT-PCR (TaqPath) and the Seegene Novaplex SARS-CoV-2 Variant assay (Novaplex) to detect Omicron variants; the Allplex VariantII (Allplex) was also evaluated for Delta variants. Sanger sequencing (SaS) was the reference method. The results obtained with
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-27
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2662336-5
    ISSN 2075-4418
    ISSN 2075-4418
    DOI 10.3390/diagnostics13091573
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Treatment-Emergent Cilgavimab Resistance Was Uncommon in Vaccinated Omicron BA.4/5 Outpatients.

    Gruber, Cesare Ernesto Maria / Tucci, Fabio Giovanni / Rueca, Martina / Mazzotta, Valentina / Gramigna, Giulia / Vergori, Alessandra / Fabeni, Lavinia / Berno, Giulia / Giombini, Emanuela / Butera, Ornella / Focosi, Daniele / Prandi, Ingrid Guarnetti / Chillemi, Giovanni / Nicastri, Emanuele / Vaia, Francesco / Girardi, Enrico / Antinori, Andrea / Maggi, Fabrizio

    Biomolecules

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 10

    Abstract: Mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 Spike glycoprotein can affect monoclonal antibody efficacy. Recent findings report the occurrence of resistant mutations in immunocompromised patients after tixagevimab/cilgavimab treatment. More recently, the Food and Drug ... ...

    Abstract Mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 Spike glycoprotein can affect monoclonal antibody efficacy. Recent findings report the occurrence of resistant mutations in immunocompromised patients after tixagevimab/cilgavimab treatment. More recently, the Food and Drug Agency revoked the authorization for tixagevimab/cilgavimab, while this monoclonal antibody cocktail is currently recommended by the European Medical Agency. We retrospectively reviewed 22 immunocompetent patients at high risk for disease progression who received intramuscular tixagevimab/cilgavimab as early COVID-19 treatment and presented a prolonged high viral load. Complete SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences were obtained for a deep investigation of mutation frequencies in Spike protein before and during treatment. At seven days, only one patient showed evidence of treatment-emergent cilgavimab resistance. Quasispecies analysis revealed two different deletions on the Spike protein (S:del138-144 or S:del141-145) in combination with the resistance S:K444N mutation. The structural and dynamic impact of the two quasispecies was characterized by using molecular dynamics simulations, showing the conservation of the principal functional movements in the mutated systems and their capabilities to alter the structure and dynamics of the RBD, responsible for the interaction with the ACE2 human receptor. Our study underlines the importance of prompting an early virological investigation to prevent drug resistance or clinical failures in immunocompetent patients.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Outpatients ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics ; COVID-19 Drug Treatment ; Retrospective Studies ; Antibodies, Monoclonal
    Chemical Substances cilgavimab (1KUR4BN70F) ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; Antibodies, Monoclonal
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-18
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2701262-1
    ISSN 2218-273X ; 2218-273X
    ISSN (online) 2218-273X
    ISSN 2218-273X
    DOI 10.3390/biom13101538
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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