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Artikel ; Online: Genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes and its shared genetic component with low birth weight in African Americans.

Ruiz-Narváez, Edward A

Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care

2021 Band 24, Heft 4, Seite(n) 326–332

Abstract: Purpose of review: Recent large-scale multiancestry efforts has contributed to our knowledge of the hereditary basis of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The present review will summarize findings of the genetic basis of T2D in African Americans, a population ... ...

Abstract	Purpose of review: Recent large-scale multiancestry efforts has contributed to our knowledge of the hereditary basis of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The present review will summarize findings of the genetic basis of T2D in African Americans, a population group with a disproportionate burden of this disease. Recent findings: To date, >400 risk genetic variants have been found to be associated with the risk of T2D across populations of different ancestries. Although these findings are based on primarily European-ancestry populations, most of the identified loci show similar associations in African Americans. Ancestry-specific analyses including genome-wide associations studies (GWAS) in African Americans, Africans; as well as admixture mapping scans in African Americans have identified additional risk variants and genomic loci associate with the risk of T2D. These efforts have also uncovered new genetic links between low birth weight and T2D. In particular, admixture mapping approaches have identified a shared genetic ancestry component of both phenotypic traits in African Americans. Summary: Recent findings have helped us to better understand the genetic basis of T2D in African Americans. Of particular interest are new genetic discoveries linking low birth weight and T2D, two conditions with a much higher prevalence in African Americans compared to U.S. whites. Continuing work, including large-scale sequencing efforts would add to our knowledge of the genetic architecture of T2D in African Americans, as well as genetic links with other conditions.
Mesh-Begriff(e)	Black or African American/genetics ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Humans ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2021-03-30
Erscheinungsland	England
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1460178-3
ISSN	1473-6519 ; 1363-1950
ISSN (online)	1473-6519
ISSN	1363-1950
DOI	10.1097/MCO.0000000000000757
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel ; Online: Micro- and Macronutrient Intake in Elderly Costa Ricans: The Costa Rican Longevity and Healthy Aging Study (CRELES).

Yu, Shengxin / Baylin, Ana / Ruiz-Narváez, Edward A

Nutrients

2023 Band 15, Heft 6

Abstract: Costa Rica, a middle-income country in Central America, has a life expectancy similar or even higher than richer countries. This survival advantage is more evident among the elderly, who have one of the lowest mortality rates in the world. Dietary ... ...

Abstract	Costa Rica, a middle-income country in Central America, has a life expectancy similar or even higher than richer countries. This survival advantage is more evident among the elderly, who have one of the lowest mortality rates in the world. Dietary factors may play a role in this extended longevity. We have shown that a traditional rural diet is associated with longer leukocyte telomere length-a biomarker of aging-among elderly Costa Ricans. In the present study, we used data from the Costa Rican Longevity and Healthy Aging Study (CRELES) to characterize further rural and urban diets of the elderly (60+ years). A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to assess usual diet. We used energy-adjusted regression models to compare the intake of micro- and macronutrients between rural and urban regions of the country. Elderly rural residents had a higher consumption of carbohydrates (but lower glycemic index), fiber, dietary iron, and used more palm oil for cooking than elderly urban dwellers. On the other hand, elderly subjects living in urban areas had a higher intake of total fat, mono and polyunsaturated fat, alcohol and dietary calcium compared to elderly rural residents. Our results are similar to earlier reports of middle-aged Costa Ricans and add to the characterization of diet differences in rural and urban regions of the country.
Mesh-Begriff(e)	Aged ; Middle Aged ; Humans ; Longevity ; Costa Rica ; Healthy Aging ; Eating ; Aging ; Diet
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2023-03-17
Erscheinungsland	Switzerland
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu15061446
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel ; Online: Perceived Experiences of racism in Relation to Genome-Wide DNA Methylation and Epigenetic Aging in the Black Women's Health Study.

Ruiz-Narváez, Edward A / Cozier, Yvette / Zirpoli, Gary / Rosenberg, Lynn / Palmer, Julie R

Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities

2024

Abstract: Background: African American women have a disproportionate burden of disease compared to US non-Hispanic white women. Exposure to psychosocial stressors may contribute to these health disparities. Racial discrimination, a major stressor for African ... ...

Abstract	Background: African American women have a disproportionate burden of disease compared to US non-Hispanic white women. Exposure to psychosocial stressors may contribute to these health disparities. Racial discrimination, a major stressor for African American women, could affect health through epigenetic mechanisms. Methods: We conducted an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) to examine the association of interpersonal racism (in daily life and in institutional settings) with DNA methylation in blood in 384 participants of the Black Women's Health Study (BWHS). We also evaluated whether a greater number of perceived experiences of racism was associated with epigenetic aging as measured using different methylation clocks. Models were adjusted for chronological age, body mass index, years of education, neighborhood SES, geographic region of residence, alcohol drinking, smoking, and technical covariates. Results: Higher scores of racism in daily life were associated with higher methylation levels at the cg04494873 site in chromosome 5 (β = 0.64%; 95% CI = 0.41%, 0.87%; P = 6.35E-08). We also replicated one CpG site, cg03317714, which was inversely associated with racial discrimination in a previous EWAS among African American women. In the BWHS, higher scores of racism in daily life were associated with lower methylation levels at that CpG site (β = -0.94%; 95% CI = -1.37%, -0.51%; P = 2.2E-05). Higher racism scores were associated with accelerated epigenetic aging in more than one methylation clock. Conclusions: Exposure to discriminatory events may affect the epigenome and accelerate biological aging, which may explain in part the earlier onset of disease in African American women.
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2024-02-07
Erscheinungsland	Switzerland
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2760524-3
ISSN	2196-8837 ; 2197-3792
ISSN (online)	2196-8837
ISSN	2197-3792
DOI	10.1007/s40615-024-01915-3
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel ; Online: Admixture mapping of anthropometric traits in the Black Women's Health Study: evidence of a shared African ancestry component with birth weight and type 2 diabetes.

Wu, Yue / Palmer, Julie R / Rosenberg, Lynn / Ruiz-Narváez, Edward A

Journal of human genetics

2022 Band 67, Heft 6, Seite(n) 331–338

Abstract: Prevalence of obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and being born with low birth weight are much higher in African American women compared to U.S. white women. Genetic factors may contribute to the excess risk of these conditions. We conducted admixture ... ...

Abstract	Prevalence of obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and being born with low birth weight are much higher in African American women compared to U.S. white women. Genetic factors may contribute to the excess risk of these conditions. We conducted admixture mapping of body mass index (BMI) at age 18, adult BMI, and adult waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI using 2918 ancestral informative markers in 2596 participants of the Black Women's Health Study. We also searched for evidence of shared African genetic ancestry components among the four examined anthropometric traits and among birth weight and T2D. We found that global percent African ancestry was associated with higher adult BMI. We also found that African ancestry at 9q34 was associated with lower BMI at age 18. Our shared ancestry analysis identified ten genomic regions with local African ancestry associated with multiple traits. Seven out of these ten genomic loci were related to T2D risk. Of special interest is the 12q14-21 region where local African ancestry was associated with low birth weight, low BMI, high BMI-adjusted waist-to-hip ratio, and high T2D risk. Findings in the 12q14-21 genomic locus are consistent with the fetal insulin hypothesis that postulates that low birth weight and T2D have a common genetic basis, and they support the hypothesis of a shared African genetic ancestry component linking low birth weight and T2D in African Americans. Future studies should identify the actual genetic variants responsible for the clustering of these conditions in African Americans.
Mesh-Begriff(e)	Adolescent ; Adult ; African Americans/genetics ; Birth Weight/genetics ; Blacks/genetics ; Body Mass Index ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Women's Health
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2022-01-12
Erscheinungsland	England
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1425192-9
ISSN	1435-232X ; 1434-5161
ISSN (online)	1435-232X
ISSN	1434-5161
DOI	10.1038/s10038-022-01010-7
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel: Diet and Leukocyte Telomere Length in a Population with Extended Longevity: The Costa Rican Longevity and Healthy Aging Study (CRELES)

Ruiz-Narváez, Edward A. / Baylin, Ana / Azofeifa, Jorge / Leal, Alejandro / Rosero-Bixby, Luis

Nutrients. 2021 July 28, v. 13, no. 8

2021

Abstract: Elderly Costa Ricans have lower mortality rates compared to their counterparts from developed countries. Reasons for this survival advantage are not completely known. In the present study, we aimed to identify dietary factors associated with leukocyte ... ...

Abstract	Elderly Costa Ricans have lower mortality rates compared to their counterparts from developed countries. Reasons for this survival advantage are not completely known. In the present study, we aimed to identify dietary factors associated with leukocyte telomere length (LTL), a marker of biologic aging, in the elderly population of Costa Rica. We conducted prospective analysis in 909 participants aged 60+ years from the Costa Rican Longevity and Healthy Aging Study (CRELES). We used a food frequency questionnaire to assess usual diet. We calculated dietary patterns using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). We used generalized linear models to examine the association of dietary patterns and food groups with leukocyte telomere length. We found two major dietary patterns explaining 9.15% and 7.18% of the total variation of food intake, respectively. The first dietary pattern, which represents a traditional Costa Rican rice and beans pattern, was more frequent in rural parts of the country and was positively associated with baseline LTL: β (95% CI) = 42.0 base-pairs (bp) (9.9 bp, 74.1 bp) per one-unit increase of the traditional dietary pattern. In analysis of individual food groups, intake of grains was positively associated with baseline LTL: β (95% CI) = 43.6 bp (13.9 bp, 73.3 bp) per one-serving/day increase of consumption of grains. Our results suggest that dietary factors, in particular a traditional food pattern, are associated with telomere length and may contribute to the extended longevity of elderly Costa Ricans.
Schlagwörter	eating habits ; elderly ; food frequency questionnaires ; food intake ; leukocytes ; longevity ; mortality ; principal component analysis ; rice ; telomeres ; traditional foods ; Costa Rica
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsverlauf	2021-0728
Erscheinungsort	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Dokumenttyp	Artikel
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu13082585
Datenquelle	NAL Katalog (AGRICOLA)

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Artikel ; Online: Hypothesis about alternative use of redundant regulatory elements was validated by recent results.

Ruiz-Narváez, Edward A

Medical hypotheses

2014 Band 83, Heft 4, Seite(n) 513–514

Mesh-Begriff(e)	Genetic Diseases, Inborn/genetics ; Humans ; Models, Genetic
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2014-10
Erscheinungsland	United States
Dokumenttyp	Comment ; Letter ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	193145-3
ISSN	1532-2777 ; 0306-9877
ISSN (online)	1532-2777
ISSN	0306-9877
DOI	10.1016/j.mehy.2014.08.015
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel ; Online: Redundant enhancers and causal variants in the TCF7L2 gene.

Ruiz-Narváez, Edward A

European journal of human genetics : EJHG

2014 Band 22, Heft 11, Seite(n) 1243–1246

Mesh-Begriff(e)	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics ; Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; Genetic Loci ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Protein/genetics ; Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Protein/metabolism
Chemische Substanzen	TCF7L2 protein, human ; Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Protein
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2014-02-12
Erscheinungsland	England
Dokumenttyp	Letter ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1141470-4
ISSN	1476-5438 ; 1018-4813
ISSN (online)	1476-5438
ISSN	1018-4813
DOI	10.1038/ejhg.2014.17
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel ; Online: Starchy Vegetables and Metabolic Syndrome in Costa Rica.

Li, Zhongyao / Wang, Dongqing / Ruiz-Narváez, Edward A / Peterson, Karen E / Campos, Hannia / Baylin, Ana

Nutrients

2021 Band 13, Heft 5

Abstract: Only a few studies primarily examined the associations between starchy vegetables (other than potatoes) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). We aimed to evaluate the association between starchy vegetables consumption and MetS in a population-based sample of ... ...

Abstract	Only a few studies primarily examined the associations between starchy vegetables (other than potatoes) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). We aimed to evaluate the association between starchy vegetables consumption and MetS in a population-based sample of Costa Rican adults. We hypothesized that a higher overall intake of starchy vegetables would not be associated with higher MetS prevalence. In this cross-sectional study, log-binomial regression models were used to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) of MetS across quintiles of total, unhealthy, healthy starchy vegetables, and individual starchy vegetables (potatoes, purple sweet potatoes, etc.), among 1881 Costa Rican adults. Least square means and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from linear regression models were estimated for each MetS component by categories of starchy vegetable variables. Higher intakes of starchy vegetables were associated with a higher prevalence of MetS in crude models, but no significant trends were observed after adjusting for confounders. A significant inverse association was observed between total starchy and healthy starchy vegetables consumption and fasting blood glucose. In this population, starchy vegetables might be part of a healthy dietary pattern.
Mesh-Begriff(e)	Blood Glucose/analysis ; Case-Control Studies ; Costa Rica/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diet Surveys ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology ; Metabolic Syndrome/etiology ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Solanum tuberosum/adverse effects ; Starch/adverse effects ; Vegetables/adverse effects
Chemische Substanzen	Blood Glucose ; Starch (9005-25-8)
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2021-05-13
Erscheinungsland	Switzerland
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu13051639
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel ; Online: Diet and Leukocyte Telomere Length in a Population with Extended Longevity: The Costa Rican Longevity and Healthy Aging Study (CRELES).

Ruiz-Narváez, Edward A / Baylin, Ana / Azofeifa, Jorge / Leal, Alejandro / Rosero-Bixby, Luis

Nutrients

2021 Band 13, Heft 8

Abstract	Elderly Costa Ricans have lower mortality rates compared to their counterparts from developed countries. Reasons for this survival advantage are not completely known. In the present study, we aimed to identify dietary factors associated with leukocyte telomere length (LTL), a marker of biologic aging, in the elderly population of Costa Rica. We conducted prospective analysis in 909 participants aged 60+ years from the Costa Rican Longevity and Healthy Aging Study (CRELES). We used a food frequency questionnaire to assess usual diet. We calculated dietary patterns using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). We used generalized linear models to examine the association of dietary patterns and food groups with leukocyte telomere length. We found two major dietary patterns explaining 9.15% and 7.18% of the total variation of food intake, respectively. The first dietary pattern, which represents a traditional Costa Rican rice and beans pattern, was more frequent in rural parts of the country and was positively associated with baseline LTL: β (95% CI) = 42.0 base-pairs (bp) (9.9 bp, 74.1 bp) per one-unit increase of the traditional dietary pattern. In analysis of individual food groups, intake of grains was positively associated with baseline LTL: β (95% CI) = 43.6 bp (13.9 bp, 73.3 bp) per one-serving/day increase of consumption of grains. Our results suggest that dietary factors, in particular a traditional food pattern, are associated with telomere length and may contribute to the extended longevity of elderly Costa Ricans.
Mesh-Begriff(e)	Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aging ; Costa Rica ; Diet ; Fabaceae ; Female ; Food ; Healthy Aging ; Humans ; Leukocytes ; Longevity ; Male ; Telomere
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2021-07-28
Erscheinungsland	Switzerland
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu13082585
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Artikel ; Online: Multivariate, region-based genetic analyses of facets of reproductive aging in White and Black women.

Bielak, Lawrence F / Peyser, Patricia A / Smith, Jennifer A / Zhao, Wei / Ruiz-Narvaez, Edward A / Kardia, Sharon L R / Harlow, Sioban D

Molecular genetics & genomic medicine

2022 Band 10, Heft 4, Seite(n) e1896

Abstract: Background: Age at final menstrual period (FMP) and the accompanying hormone trajectories across the menopause transition do not occur in isolation, but likely share molecular pathways. Understanding the genetics underlying the endocrinology of the ... ...

Abstract	Background: Age at final menstrual period (FMP) and the accompanying hormone trajectories across the menopause transition do not occur in isolation, but likely share molecular pathways. Understanding the genetics underlying the endocrinology of the menopause transition may be enhanced by jointly analyzing multiple interrelated traits. Methods: In a sample of 347 White and 164 Black women from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN), we investigated pleiotropic effects of 54 candidate genetic regions of interest (ROI) on 5 menopausal traits (age at FMP and premenopausal and postmenopausal levels of follicle stimulation hormone and estradiol) using multivariate kernel regression (Multi-SKAT). A backward elimination procedure was used to identify which subset of traits were most strongly associated with a specific ROI. Results: In White women, the 20 kb ROI around rs10734411 was significantly associated with the multivariate distribution of age at FMP, premenopausal estradiol, and postmenopausal estradiol (omnibus p-value = .00004). This association did not replicate in the smaller sample of Black women. Conclusion: This study using a region-based, multiple-trait approach suggests a shared genetic basis among multiple facets of reproductive aging.
Mesh-Begriff(e)	Aging/genetics ; Black People ; Estradiol/metabolism ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/metabolism ; Humans ; Menopause/genetics
Chemische Substanzen	Estradiol (4TI98Z838E) ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone (9002-68-0)
Sprache	Englisch
Erscheinungsdatum	2022-02-18
Erscheinungsland	United States
Dokumenttyp	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2734884-2
ISSN	2324-9269 ; 2324-9269
ISSN (online)	2324-9269
ISSN	2324-9269
DOI	10.1002/mgg3.1896
Datenquelle	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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