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  1. Article ; Online: Gender disparity in the individual attitude toward longevity among Japanese population

    Ruoyan Gai Tobe / Nobuyuki Izumida

    PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e

    Findings from a national survey.

    2021  Volume 0254779

    Abstract: The unprecedented population aging brings profound influences to the social values of longevity. The individual attitudes toward the expended life time deserves scrutiny, as it reflects the impacts of social networks and social welfare on people's life ... ...

    Abstract The unprecedented population aging brings profound influences to the social values of longevity. The individual attitudes toward the expended life time deserves scrutiny, as it reflects the impacts of social networks and social welfare on people's life and wellbeing. This study aims to examine whether and how gender disparity is affecting the individual anticipation to longevity among Japanese citizen. We used the dataset of National Survey on Social Security and Peoples Life implemented in 2017 to calculate the odds ratios (OR) of the individual anticipation to longevity. Besides gender, other demographic characteristics, physical and mental health, the experience of nursing care for the elderly, financial conditions and social networks are examined by performing the multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression analysis. The results indicate the robust effects of gender disparity on the individual aspiration for longevity. The proportion of those who inclined the positive statement on longevity was estimated to be 69.7% (95% CI: 68.6% - 70.9%) in the whole population, and 70.9% (95% CI: 69.4% - 72.5%) and 68.7% (95% CI: 67.1% - 70.2%) in male and female, respectively. Besides gender, independent factors significantly affecting the individual valuation of longevity include age, annual household income, the experience of nursing care, household saving, having a conversation with others and the availability of reliable partner(s) for relevant supports; while the common factors affecting the outcome variable were self-perceived health status and mental distress measured by K6. The interaction of gender and these significant factors were determined as well. In conclusion, with relevant representativeness and quality of data source, this analysis adds knowledge on gender disparity in the individual anticipation on longevity. The findings are suggestive to reform the social security system in the super aged society.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 390
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Managing healthcare delivery system to fight the COVID-19 epidemic

    Ruoyan Gai / Makoto Tobe

    Global Health Research and Policy, Vol 5, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    experience in Japan

    2020  Volume 4

    Abstract: Abstract Amid the global pandemic of a novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), healthcare delivery system is being stretched. In Japan, rapid spread of the epidemic brings hospitals to the brink of exhaustion. This commentary aims to briefly review ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Amid the global pandemic of a novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), healthcare delivery system is being stretched. In Japan, rapid spread of the epidemic brings hospitals to the brink of exhaustion. This commentary aims to briefly review related policies of Japan in managing healthcare delivery system. Among the relevant actions, strengthening the hospitalized care is emphasized to save lives. Despite of limitations, the policies show a success in preventing a collapse of healthcare delivery system and skyrocketing mortality from happening so far. On the other hand, huge concerns remain if the infections continue to rapidly increase. The experience in Japan indicates the urgency of planning of healthcare delivery system, mobilizing all relevant social sectors by consensus, and guiding people with calm manner based on the best shared knowledge and evidences.
    Keywords Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270 ; covid19
    Subject code 950
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Association Between Transient Newborn Hypoglycemia and Test Proficiency.

    Tobe, Ruoyan Gai

    JAMA pediatrics

    2016  Volume 170, Issue 3, Page(s) 297

    MeSH term(s) Achievement ; Blood Glucose/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia/epidemiology ; Infant, Newborn, Diseases/epidemiology ; Male
    Chemical Substances Blood Glucose
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 2701223-2
    ISSN 2168-6211 ; 2168-6203
    ISSN (online) 2168-6211
    ISSN 2168-6203
    DOI 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2015.4073
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Trends of global burden related to HBV and HCV from 1990 to 2019: An age-period-cohort analysis.

    Wu, Bin / Tobe, Ruoyan Gai / Yan, Mengxia / Lin, Houwen / Zhou, Hua

    Journal of medical virology

    2023  Volume 95, Issue 3, Page(s) e28663

    Abstract: The spread of disease related to Hepatitis B and C poses a significant public health problem. There have been a few studies that examine the effects of cohort and period on the trend of mortality caused by Hepatitis B and C. This analysis aims to use an ... ...

    Abstract The spread of disease related to Hepatitis B and C poses a significant public health problem. There have been a few studies that examine the effects of cohort and period on the trend of mortality caused by Hepatitis B and C. This analysis aims to use an age-period-cohort (APC) framework to explore trends in mortality attributed to Hepatitis B and C worldwide and in different socio-demographic index (SDI) regions between 1990 and 2019. The data for this analysis were taken from the Global Burden of Disease study, which was used to perform an APC analysis. The age effects reflect differences in exposure to risk factors at different stages of life. The period effects reflect population-wide exposures at a circumscribed year. The cohort effects indicate different risks across birth cohorts. The results of the analysis include both the net drift and local drift, which are reported as the annual percentage change and that by age group. The age-standardized mortality rate for Hepatitis B declined from 12.36 to 6.74 per 100 000, and for Hepatitis C from 8.45 to 6.67 per 100 000 between 1990 and 2019. The net drifts in mortality were -2.41% (95% confidence interval (CI) -2.47 to -2.34) for Hepatitis B and -1.16% (95% CI, -1.23 to -1.09) for Hepatitis C, with negative local drifts in most age groups. Mortality from Hepatitis B increased with age until 50+ years, while mortality from Hepatitis C rose steadily with age. The period effect for Hepatitis B was profound, suggesting effective national efforts in controlling the disease and the need for similar programs for Hepatitis B and C. Mortality varied across the world and had moderate to weak negative correlations with the SDI, which substantially decreases in the high-middle and middle SDI regions, but has persistently high rates in the low SDI region. Global efforts to manage Hepatitis B and C have shown positive trends, but variations in trends were observed across regions with divergent age, cohort, and period effects. The national efforts of a comprehensive strategy are crucial to further strengthen the elimination of Hepatitis B and C.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Middle Aged ; Hepatitis B virus ; Hepatitis C/epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; Hepatitis B/epidemiology ; Hepacivirus ; Cohort Studies ; Global Health
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 752392-0
    ISSN 1096-9071 ; 0146-6615
    ISSN (online) 1096-9071
    ISSN 0146-6615
    DOI 10.1002/jmv.28663
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Maternal and child health handbook to improve continuum of maternal and child care in rural Bangladesh

    Ruoyan Gai Tobe / Syed Emdadul Haque / Sanzida Mubassara / Rushdana Rahman / Kiyoko Ikegami / Rintaro Mori

    PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss 4, p e

    Findings of a cluster randomized controlled trial.

    2022  Volume 0266074

    Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of maternal and child health handbook (MCH) enhanced by mobile tools and to generate evidence informing the adoption of the program in Bangladesh. A cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) has been ... ...

    Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of maternal and child health handbook (MCH) enhanced by mobile tools and to generate evidence informing the adoption of the program in Bangladesh. A cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) has been implemented in Lohagora of Narail District and Dhamrai of Dhaka District. Unions of the study settings were randomly allocated in either one of three groups: (1) Intervention 1 using both mobile platform and MCH, (2) Intervention 2 using MCH alone, or (3) the Control. A total of 3,002 participants were recruited. The interventions were designed to promote two-way communications between pregnant women/their families and community health workers by an empowering approach. A total of 3,002 pregnant women were recruited. As the results, the interventions both significantly improved the utilization of CoC, although the overall proportion of CoC was relevantly low: 2.79% in the Control (95% CI: 1.37-3.54%), 6.16% in Intervention 2 (95% CI: 4.67-7.86%), and 7.89% in Intervention 1 (95% CI: 6.29-9.90%). Neonatal mortality rate with and without CoC was 5.43 per 1,000 (95% CI: 3.63-9.57 per 1,000) and 34.8 per 1,000 (95% CI: 24.3-45.4 per 1,000), respectively. Our study indicated the effectiveness of the interventions by leveraging MCH and a mobile platform to promote uptake of CoC throughout prepartum, intrapartum and postpartum/neonatal periods, potentially bringing long-lasting benefits to mothers and their offspring. The explicit approach is expected to guide policy makers to adopt MCH interventions in primary healthcare strengthening at the community level. Trial registration: UMIN000025628 Registered June 13, 2016.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Strengthening the community support group to improve maternal and neonatal health seeking behaviors

    Ruoyan Gai Tobe / Mohammad Tajul Islam / Yukie Yoshimura / Jahangir Hossain

    PLoS ONE, Vol 14, Iss 2, p e

    A cluster-randomized controlled trial in Satkhira District, Bangladesh.

    2019  Volume 0212847

    Abstract: Background Although achieved development goals on maternal and child health, in the era of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Bangladesh still needs to promote skilled attendance at birth as well as a continuum of care for mothers and babies. How to ... ...

    Abstract Background Although achieved development goals on maternal and child health, in the era of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Bangladesh still needs to promote skilled attendance at birth as well as a continuum of care for mothers and babies. How to implement effective interventions by strengthening the community health system also remains as a crucial policy issue. The objective of the proposed study is to evaluate the impact of a community-based intervention as part of a bilateral development aid project on utilization of maternal and neonatal care provided by skilled providers and qualified facilities. Methods A cluster randomized trial was conducted in Kalaroa Upazila of Satkhira District. Community Clinics (CCs) in the study setting were randomly allocated to either intervention or control. We recruited all eligible women covered by CC catchment areas who gave a birth during the past 12 months of data collection at the baseline and end-line surveys. In the intervention areas, three Community Support Groups (CSGs) were developed in each of the CC areas. The members of CSG were trained to identify pregnant women, educate community people on pregnancy related danger signs, and encourage them for utilization of skilled services in the community and health facilities. The primary outcomes were the utilization of services for antenatal care, delivery, postnatal care and sick newborns. Difference-in-Difference (DID) analysis was performed to identify the changes by the intervention with adjustment of cluster effects by generalized mixed effects regression models. Result The major indicators of the utilization of maternal and neonatal care among pregnant women with different wealth status showed significant improvement after the intervention. The impacts of the intervention were in particular significant among the women of 2nd and 3rd quintiles of household wealth status. The use of CCs increased after the intervention and private hospitals / clinics served as the major health providers. The study also ...
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Economic Evaluations of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Screening

    Xiuting Mo / Ruoyan Gai Tobe / Yoshimitsu Takahashi / Naoko Arata / Tippawan Liabsuetrakul / Takeo Nakayama / Rintaro Mori

    Journal of Epidemiology, Vol 31, Iss 3, Pp 220-

    A Systematic Review

    2021  Volume 230

    Abstract: Background: This study aims to find evidence of the cost-effectiveness of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) screening and assess the quality of current economic evaluations, which have shown different conclusions with a variation in screening methods, ... ...

    Abstract Background: This study aims to find evidence of the cost-effectiveness of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) screening and assess the quality of current economic evaluations, which have shown different conclusions with a variation in screening methods, data sources, outcome indicators, and implementation in diverse organizational contexts. Methods: Embase, Medline, Web of Science, Health Technology Assessment, database, and National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database databases were searched through June 2019. Studies on economic evaluation reporting both cost and health outcomes of GDM screening programs in English language were selected, and the quality of the studies was assessed using Drummond’s checklist. The general characteristics, main assumptions, and results of the economic evaluations were summarized. Results: Our search yielded 10 eligible economic evaluations with different screening strategies compared in different settings and perspectives. The selected papers scored 81% (68–97%) on the items in Drummond’s checklist on average. In general, a screening program is cost-effective or even dominant over no screening. The one-step screening, with more cases detected, is more likely to be cost-effective than the two-step screening. Universal screening is more likely to be cost-effective than screening targeting the high-risk population. Parameters affecting cost-effectiveness include: diagnosis criteria, epidemiological characteristics of the population, efficacy of screening and treatment, and costs. Conclusions: Most studies found GDM screening to be cost-effective, though uncertainties remain due to many factors. The quality assessment identified weaknesses in the economic evaluations in terms of integrating existing data, measuring costs and consequences, analyzing perspectives, and adjusting for uncertainties.
    Keywords gestational diabetes mellitus screening ; economic valuation ; review ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Japan Epidemiological Association
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Health Economic Analysis of Antiplatelet Therapy for Acute Coronary Syndromes in the Context of Five Eastern Asian Countries.

    Wu, Bin / Tobe, Ruoyan Gai / Liu, Yuchen / He, Ben

    Clinical drug investigation

    2018  Volume 38, Issue 7, Page(s) 621–630

    Abstract: Background and objective: The economic outcomes of dual antiplatelet therapy in East Asian patients are still unclear. We aimed to evaluate the economic outcomes of ticagrelor versus clopidogrel for patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in China, ... ...

    Abstract Background and objective: The economic outcomes of dual antiplatelet therapy in East Asian patients are still unclear. We aimed to evaluate the economic outcomes of ticagrelor versus clopidogrel for patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan and Hong Kong.
    Methods: A two-phase model consisting of a 1-year decision tree and a lifetime Markov model was used to estimate the economic outcomes. The data from the East Asian subgroup of Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes (PLATO) and PHILO studies were used for the calculation of the events rate for ticagrelor and clopidogrel in the first 12 months, whereas the costs were obtained from East Asian sources and utility from the published literature. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to test model robustness.
    Results: Ticagrelor showed the marginal lifetime quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) of 0.0050, 0.0091, 0.0107, 0.0050, and 0.0050 in China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, and Hong Kong compared with clopidogrel, with marginal healthcare costs of (all values in US dollars) $562, $595, $975, $611, and $672, respectively. The marginal cost per QALY gained with ticagrelor was $112,051, $65,692, $91,207, $121,838, and $133,953 from a public healthcare system perspective of China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, and Hong Kong, respectively. The sensitivity analysis showed consistent results.
    Conclusion: Treatment of ACS for 12 months with ticagrelor is not a cost-effective option for the prevention of thrombotic events in East Asia.
    MeSH term(s) Acute Coronary Syndrome/drug therapy ; Acute Coronary Syndrome/economics ; Acute Coronary Syndrome/epidemiology ; Adenosine/analogs & derivatives ; Adenosine/economics ; Adenosine/therapeutic use ; Aged ; Asia/epidemiology ; China/epidemiology ; Clinical Trials as Topic/economics ; Clopidogrel ; Cost-Benefit Analysis/methods ; Decision Trees ; Female ; Health Care Costs/trends ; Hong Kong/epidemiology ; Humans ; Japan/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/economics ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Quality-Adjusted Life Years ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; Taiwan/epidemiology ; Ticagrelor ; Ticlopidine/analogs & derivatives ; Ticlopidine/economics ; Ticlopidine/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; Clopidogrel (A74586SNO7) ; Ticagrelor (GLH0314RVC) ; Adenosine (K72T3FS567) ; Ticlopidine (OM90ZUW7M1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-30
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1220136-4
    ISSN 1179-1918 ; 0114-2402 ; 1173-2563
    ISSN (online) 1179-1918
    ISSN 0114-2402 ; 1173-2563
    DOI 10.1007/s40261-018-0649-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Mobile-health tool to improve maternal and neonatal health care in Bangladesh: a cluster randomized controlled trial.

    Tobe, Ruoyan Gai / Haque, Syed Emdadul / Ikegami, Kiyoko / Mori, Rintaro

    BMC pregnancy and childbirth

    2018  Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 102

    Abstract: Background: In Bangladesh, the targets on reduction of maternal mortality and utilization of related obstetric services provided by skilled health personnel in Millennium Development Goals 5 remains unmet, and the progress in reduction of neonatal ... ...

    Abstract Background: In Bangladesh, the targets on reduction of maternal mortality and utilization of related obstetric services provided by skilled health personnel in Millennium Development Goals 5 remains unmet, and the progress in reduction of neonatal mortality lag behind that in the reduction of infant and under-five mortalities, remaining as an essential issue towards the achievement of maternal and neonatal health targets in health related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). As access to appropriate perinatal care is crucial to reduce maternal and neonatal deaths, recently several mobile platform-based health programs sponsored by donor countries and Non-Governmental Organizations have targeted to reduce maternal and child mortality. On the other hand, good health-care is necessary for the development. Thus, we designed this implementation research to improve maternal and child health care for targeting SDGs.
    Methods/design: This cluster randomized trial will be conducted in Lohagora of Narail District and Dhamrai of Dhaka District. Participants are pregnant women in the respective areas. The total sample size is 3000 where 500 pregnant women will get Mother and Child Handbook (MCH) and messages using mobile phone on health care during pregnancy and antenatal care about one year in each area. The other 500 in each area will get health education using only MCH book. The rest 1000 participants will be controlled; it means 500 in each area. We randomly assigned the intervention and controlled area based on smallest administrative area (Unions) in Bangladesh. The data collection and health education will be provided through trained research officers starting from February 2017 to August 2018. Each health education session is conducting in their house. The study proposal was reviewed and approved by NCCD, Japan and Bangladesh Medical Research Council (BMRC), Bangladesh. The data will be analyzed using STATA and SPSS software.
    Discussion: For the improvement of maternal and neonatal care, this community-based intervention using mobile phone and handbook will do great contribution. Thus, a developing country where resources are limited received the highest benefit. Such intervention will guide to design for prevention of other diseases too.
    Trial registration: UMIN000025628 Registered June 13, 2016.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Bangladesh ; Cell Phone ; Cluster Analysis ; Female ; Health Plan Implementation ; Health Services Accessibility ; House Calls ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Mortality ; Infant, Newborn ; Maternal Mortality ; Patient Education as Topic/methods ; Perinatal Care/methods ; Pregnancy ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Sustainable Development ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Clinical Trial Protocol ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1471-2393
    ISSN (online) 1471-2393
    DOI 10.1186/s12884-018-1714-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Cost Effectiveness of Daclatasvir Plus Asunaprevir Therapy for Chinese Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1b.

    Liu, Yuchen / Wang, Zhenhua / Tobe, Ruoyan Gai / Lin, Houwen / Wu, Bin

    Clinical drug investigation

    2018  Volume 38, Issue 5, Page(s) 427–437

    Abstract: Background and objectives: Daclatasvir plus asunaprevir has shown superior efficacy and safety for treating hepatitis C virus genotype 1b infection in comparison with pegylated interferon and ribavirin. The objective of this analysis is to investigate ... ...

    Abstract Background and objectives: Daclatasvir plus asunaprevir has shown superior efficacy and safety for treating hepatitis C virus genotype 1b infection in comparison with pegylated interferon and ribavirin. The objective of this analysis is to investigate the cost effectiveness of daclatasvir plus asunaprevir compared with interferon-α-based therapies from the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system.
    Methods: A Markov model was established to measure economic and health outcomes of daclatasvir plus asunaprevir compared with general interferon-α plus ribavirin and pegylated interferon plus ribavirin for hepatitis C virus genotype 1b infection. We also considered the two following scenarios: 24 weeks of daclatasvir plus asunaprevir used as a second-line treatment for ineligible/intolerant and non-responding patients with HCV during 48 weeks of first-line interferon-α plus ribavirin (interferon-α plus ribavirin and daclatasvir plus asunaprevir) or pegylated interferon plus ribavirin (pegylated interferon plus ribavirin and daclatasvir plus asunaprevir) treatment. Clinical costs and utility inputs were derived from the published literature. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was shown as costs in US dollars per quality-adjusted life-years gained. Uncertainty was examined by one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses.
    Results: Compared with interferon-α plus ribavirin, pegylated interferon and ribavirin, interferon-α plus ribavirin plus daclatasvir plus asunaprevir, and pegylated interferon plus ribavirin plus daclatasvir plus asunaprevir strategies, daclatasvir plus asunaprevir gained an additional 0.62, 0.32, 0.20, and 0.15 quality-adjusted life-year with increasing costs of US$11,950, US$671, US$8366, and -$3783, respectively. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios of pegylated interferon and ribavirin, daclatasvir plus asunaprevir, interferon-α plus ribavirin and daclatasvir plus asunaprevir, and pegylated interferon plus ribavirin and daclatasvir plus asunaprevir against the baseline interferon-α plus ribavirin strategy were US$37,930, US$19,233, US$8495, and US$33,031 per quality-adjusted life-year gained. Daclatasvir plus asunaprevir and interferon-α plus ribavirin plus daclatasvir plus asunaprevir were presented as the cost-effective alternatives, and pegylated interferon plus ribavirin and pegylated interferon plus ribavirin and daclatasvir plus asunaprevir strategies dominated. The model outputs were sensitive to a patient's age, discount rate, and the risk ratio between pegylated interferon plus ribavirin and interferon-α plus ribavirin.
    Conclusions: Daclatasvir plus asunaprevir in the Chinese setting is likely to be cost effective for treating hepatitis C virus genotype 1b infection.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage ; Antiviral Agents/economics ; China/epidemiology ; Cost-Benefit Analysis/methods ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Genotype ; Hepacivirus/drug effects ; Hepacivirus/genetics ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/economics ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/epidemiology ; Humans ; Imidazoles/administration & dosage ; Imidazoles/economics ; Isoquinolines/administration & dosage ; Isoquinolines/economics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Protease Inhibitors/administration & dosage ; Protease Inhibitors/economics ; Quality-Adjusted Life Years ; Sulfonamides/administration & dosage ; Sulfonamides/economics
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; BMS-790052 ; Imidazoles ; Isoquinolines ; Protease Inhibitors ; Sulfonamides ; asunaprevir (S9X0KRJ00S)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-05
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1220136-4
    ISSN 1179-1918 ; 0114-2402 ; 1173-2563
    ISSN (online) 1179-1918
    ISSN 0114-2402 ; 1173-2563
    DOI 10.1007/s40261-018-0621-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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