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  1. Article ; Online: Gender differences in obstructive sleep apnea with comorbid treatment-resistant depression

    Emily Kasurak / Emily Hawken / Dusan Kolar / Ruzica Jokic

    Sleep Science and Practice, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2023  Volume 9

    Abstract: Abstract Background A bidirectional relationship between major depression and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been established, suggesting the possibility of overlapping and compounding disease processes. Depression, however, while more prevalent in ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background A bidirectional relationship between major depression and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been established, suggesting the possibility of overlapping and compounding disease processes. Depression, however, while more prevalent in women, is a highly heterogeneous disorder and can be difficult to treat regardless of gender. A common overlapping symptom of depression and OSA is fatigue. Gender differences in OSA symptomatology (and fatigue in particular) are also consistently observed. Here, we investigate OSA in specific relation to treatment-resistant depression. Methods A cross-sectional exploratory design was used to analyse data from 94 patients with treatment-resistant depression from a subspecialist mood disorders outpatient service who had no previous sleep assessment. Participants completed overnight polysomnography and a battery of rating scales assessing mood, sleep, and daytime functioning. Linear regression models determined whether presence of fatigue in treatment-resistant depression predicted OSA severity. Results There was a high prevalence (79%) of previously undiagnosed OSA in our sample of patients with treatment-resistant depression. Treatment-resistant depression was one factor to close the gap in obstructive sleep apnea prevalence between men and women in this group. Presence of OSA measured objectively by the Apnea Hypopnea Index was not associated with episode state (depressed vs. euthymic). Daytime sleepiness scores as measured by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale indicated higher than normal daytime sleepiness with no difference between genders. Men and women in our study reported similar amounts of fatigue as measured by the Profile of Mood States-Fatigue Subscale, however, daytime fatigue (but not sleepiness) predicted OSA severity in women only. Conclusions We argue that typical symptoms of treatment-resistant depression may overshadow key symptoms of undetected OSA. Specifically, we found that daytime fatigue may be one factor masking a potentially significant ...
    Keywords Obstructive sleep apnea ; Treatment-resistant depression ; Sleep disordered breathing ; Gender differences ; Fatigue ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 150
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Currencies of recognition

    Rebecca Malhi / Aaron Johnston / Ruzica Jokic / Nicholas Cofie / Tom Smith-Windsor / James Goertzen / Marie-Hélène Girouard / Edward Makwarimba / Amanda Bell / Sandra Badcock

    MedEdPublish, Vol

    What rewards and recognition do Canadian distributed medical education preceptors value? [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]

    2022  Volume 12

    Abstract: Background: Medical schools spend considerable time, effort, and money on recognition initiatives for rural and distributed medical education (DME) faculty. Previous literature has focused on intrinsic motivation to teach and there is little in the ... ...

    Abstract Background: Medical schools spend considerable time, effort, and money on recognition initiatives for rural and distributed medical education (DME) faculty. Previous literature has focused on intrinsic motivation to teach and there is little in the literature to guide institutional recognition efforts or to predict which items or types of recognition will be most appreciated. Methods: To better understand how rural and DME faculty in Canada value different forms of recognition, we asked faculty members from all Canadian medical schools to complete a bilingual, national online survey evaluating their perceptions of currently offered rewards and recognition. The survey received a robust response in both English and French, across nine Canadian provinces and one territory. Results: Our results indicated that there were three distinct ways that preceptors looked at recognition; these perspectives were consistent across geographic and demographic variables. These “clusters” or “currencies of recognition” included: i) Formal institutional recognition, ii) connections, growth and development, and iii) tokens of gratitude. Financial recognition was also found to be important but separate from the three clusters. Some preceptors did value support of intrinsic motivation most important, and for others extrinsic motivators, or a mix of both was most valued. Conclusions: Study results will help medical schools make effective choices in efforts to find impactful ways to recognize rural and DME faculty.
    Keywords Distributed Medical Education ; Faculty Engagement ; Preceptor Recognition ; Medical Education ; Rural Medical Education ; eng ; Special aspects of education ; LC8-6691 ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 410
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher F1000 Research Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

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  3. Article ; Online: Effects of electroconvulsive therapy and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in patients with depression

    RoumenMilev / LauraGedge / RuzicaJokic

    Frontiers in Psychiatry, Vol

    2012  Volume 3

    Abstract: Objective: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels are decreased in individuals with depression and increase following antidepressant treatment. The objective of this study is to compare pre- and post-treatment serum BDNF levels in patients with ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels are decreased in individuals with depression and increase following antidepressant treatment. The objective of this study is to compare pre- and post-treatment serum BDNF levels in patients with drug-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD) who received either electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) or repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). It is hypothesized that non-pharmacological treatments also increase serum BDNF levels. Methods: This was a prospective, single-blind study comparing pre- and post-treatment serum BDNF levels of twenty-nine patients with drug-resistant MDD who received ECT or rTMS treatment. Serum BDNF levels were measured one week prior to and one week after treatment using the sandwich ELISA technique. Depression severity was measured one week before and one week after treatment using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Two-sided normal distribution paired t-test analysis was used to compare pre- and post-treatment BDNF concentration and illness severity. Bivariate correlations using Pearson's coefficient assessed the relationship between post-treatment BDNF levels and post-treatment depression severity. Results: There was no significant difference in serum BDNF levels before and after ECT, although concentrations tended to increase from a baseline mean of 9.95 ng/ml to 12.29 ng/ml after treatment (p= 0.137). Treatment with rTMS did not significantly alter BDNF concentrations (p= 0.282). Depression severity significantly decreased following both ECT (p= 0.003) and rTMS (p< 0.001). Post-treatment BDNF concentration was not significantly correlated with post-treatment depression severity in patients who received either ECT (r= -0.133, p= 0.697) or rTMS (r= 0.374, p= 0.126). Conclusion: This study suggests that ECT and rTMS may not exert their clinical effects by altering serum BDNF levels. Serum BDNF concentration may not be a biomarker of ECT or rTMS treatment response.
    Keywords Psychiatry ; RC435-571 ; Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ; RC346-429 ; Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ; RC321-571 ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245 ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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