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  1. Book: Cann's Principles of Molecular Virology

    Rybicki, Edward P.

    2023  

    Abstract: Principles of Molecular Virology, Seventh Edition provides an easily accessible introduction to modern virology, presenting principles in a clear and concise manner. The new edition provides the history of virology and the fundamentals of the molecular ... ...

    Author's details Dr. Edward Rybicki is a Professor in the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Biopharming Research Unit of the University of Cape Town, South Africa. His research interests focus around vaccinology, protein expression, marine viromics, and virus diversity. He has authored two books, co-authored over 120 articles and 19 reviews in peer-reviewed journals, about 20 book chapters, and a number of popular or opinion articles and conference reports. Dr. Rybicki is listed as an inventor on 17 patent families, with around 44 country patents published. He writes educational and study material for the Web like the Electronic Introduction to Molecular Virology as well as via the UCT Open Educational Resources page like the Manual of Online Molecular Biology Techniques, which is extensively used by researchers outside of UCT. He maintains a university-level Virology teaching resource called ViroBlogy, as well as a general public information site called Virology News, runs the Internatio
    Abstract Principles of Molecular Virology, Seventh Edition provides an easily accessible introduction to modern virology, presenting principles in a clear and concise manner. The new edition provides the history of virology and the fundamentals of the molecular basis of how viruses work. It discusses the interactions which control the structure of virus particles, the ways viruses infect cells, how viruses replicate themselves, and the consequences and pathogenesis of virus infection for host organism...
    Keywords Lehrbuch ; NBIC050 ; NBIC020 ; NBIC035 ; MHMO020 ; MHMB030 ; MHMC010 ; MHMC030 ; MHMC015 ; Antiviral drugs ; Assembly ; Attachment ; Bacteriophage ; Bioinformatics ; Cancer ; Capsids ; Cells ; Coat proteins ; DNA ; Emerging viruses ; Gene expression ; Genome ; Genome packaging ; HIV/AIDS ; History ; Hosts ; Immune response ; Immunology ; Maturation ; Microscopy ; Molecular biology ; Negative strand ; Particles ; Pathogenesis transformation ; Penetration ; Plants ; Positive strand ; Prion ; RNA ; Release ; Replication ; Satellite ; Symmetry ; Techniques ; Transcription ; Transgenics ; Translation ; Uncoating ; Vaccines ; Virions ; Viroid ; Virophage ; Viruses
    Language English
    Size 389 p.
    Edition 7
    Publisher Elsevier Science
    Document type Book
    Note PDA Manuell_20
    Format 192 x 235 x 30
    ISBN 9780128227848 ; 0128227842
    Database PDA

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  2. Article ; Online: First WHO/MPP mRNA Technology Transfer Programme Meeting.

    Rybicki, Edward P

    The Lancet. Microbe

    2023  Volume 4, Issue 8, Page(s) e564–e566

    MeSH term(s) RNA, Messenger ; Technology Transfer ; World Health Organization
    Chemical Substances RNA, Messenger
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2666-5247
    ISSN (online) 2666-5247
    DOI 10.1016/S2666-5247(23)00184-2
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  3. Book ; Online: Engineering the Plant Factory for the Production of Biologics and Small-Molecule Medicines

    Rybicki, Edward P. / Benvenuto, Eugenio / Franconi, Rosella / Martinis, Domenico De / Fujiyama, Kazuhito

    2017  

    Abstract: Plant gene transfer achieved in the early '80s paved the way for the exploitation of the potential of gene engineering to add novel agronomic traits and/or to design plants as factories for high added value molecules. For this latter area of research, ... ...

    Abstract Plant gene transfer achieved in the early '80s paved the way for the exploitation of the potential of gene engineering to add novel agronomic traits and/or to design plants as factories for high added value molecules. For this latter area of research, the term Molecular Farming was coined in reference to agricultural applications in that major crops like maize and tobacco were originally used basically for pharma applications. The concept of the "green biofactory" implies different advantages over the typical cell factories based on animal cell or microbial cultures already when considering the investment and managing costs of fermenters. Although yield, stability, and quality of the molecules may vary among different heterologous systems and plants are competitive on a case-to-case basis, still the "plant factory" attracts scientists and technologists for the challenging features of low production cost, product safety and easy scale up.-

    Once engineered, a plant is among the cheapest and easiest eukaryotic system to be bred with simple know-how, using nutrients, water and light. Molecules that are currently being produced in plants vary from industrial and pharmaceutical proteins, including medical diagnostics proteins and vaccine antigens, to nutritional supplements such as vitamins, carbohydrates and biopolymers. Convergence among disciplines as distant as plant physiology and pharmacology and, more recently, as omic sciences, bioinformatics and nanotechnology, increases the options of research on the plant cell factory. "Farming for Pharming" biologics and small-molecule medicines is a challenging area of plant biotechnology that may break the limits of current standard production technologies.-

    The recent success on Ebola fighting with plant-made antibodies put a spotlight on the enormous potential of next generation herbal medicines made especially in the name of the guiding principle of reduction of costs, hence reduction of disparities of health rights and as a tool to guarantee adequate health protection in developing countries.Plant gene transfer achieved in the early '80s paved the way for the exploitation of the potential of gene engineering to add novel agronomic traits and/or to design plants as factories for high added value molecules. For this latter area of research, the term Molecular Farming was coined in reference to agricultural applications in that major crops like maize and tobacco were originally used basically for pharma applications. The concept of the "green biofactory" implies different advantages over the typical cell factories based on animal cell or microbial cultures already when considering the investment and managing costs of fermenters.-
    Keywords Biotechnology ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; Botany ; Science (General)
    Size 1 electronic resource (377 p.)
    Publisher Frontiers Media SA
    Document type Book ; Online
    Note English ; Open Access
    HBZ-ID HT020094975
    ISBN 9782889450510 ; 2889450511
    Database ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  4. Article ; Online: Plant molecular farming of virus-like nanoparticles as vaccines and reagents.

    Rybicki, Edward P

    Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology

    2019  Volume 12, Issue 2, Page(s) e1587

    Abstract: The use of plants for the production of virus-like nanoparticles (VNPs) dates back to separating natural empty capsids of plant viruses from whole virions nearly 70 years ago, through to the present use of transgenic plants or recombinant Agrobacterium ... ...

    Abstract The use of plants for the production of virus-like nanoparticles (VNPs) dates back to separating natural empty capsids of plant viruses from whole virions nearly 70 years ago, through to the present use of transgenic plants or recombinant Agrobacterium tumefaciens and/or plant virus-derived vectors for the transient expression of engineered viral or other structural proteins in plants-a production system also known as molecular farming. Plant production of heterologous proteins has major advantages in terms of convenience-whole plants are generally used, and processes do not need to be sterile-and cost, as bulk biomass production is significantly cheaper than by any other method. Plant-made VNPs in current use for nanotechnology include whole virions and naturally occurring empty capsids of plant viruses, and particles made by reassembly of coat protein (CP) purified from virions or by recombinant expression. Engineered VNP-forming animal or human virus CPs expressed in plants include L1 protein from human papillomaviruses, human norovirus CP, hepatitis B surface and core antigens, influenza virus HA protein and HIV Gag polyprotein forming large enveloped particles by budding, orbi- and rotavirus particles that require assembly of four co-expressed proteins, and polio- and foot and mouth disease viruses which require proteolytic processing of a polyprotein precursor to form 4-component VNPs. Both plant and animal virus-derived plant-made VNPs can be used for surface and internal display of heterologous peptides or even whole proteins. A significant recent development has been the production of pseudovirions in plants, comprising plant or animal virus CPs and RNA or DNA pseudogenomes that can be used to deliver nucleic acid payloads into cultured cells or specific tissues or tumors in whole animals. This article is characterized under: Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Protein and Virus-Based Structures Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Diagnostic Tools > in vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Indicators and Reagents ; Molecular Farming ; Nanoparticles ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; Vaccines ; Virion
    Chemical Substances Indicators and Reagents ; Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-09-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2502698-7
    ISSN 1939-0041 ; 1939-5116
    ISSN (online) 1939-0041
    ISSN 1939-5116
    DOI 10.1002/wnan.1587
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  5. Article ; Online: CRISPR-Cas9 strikes out in cassava.

    Rybicki, Edward P

    Nature biotechnology

    2019  Volume 37, Issue 7, Page(s) 727–728

    MeSH term(s) CRISPR-Cas Systems ; Geminiviridae ; Gene Editing ; Genetic Engineering/methods ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/genetics ; Manihot/genetics ; Plant Diseases/genetics ; Plant Diseases/virology ; Plants, Genetically Modified/virology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-06-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1311932-1
    ISSN 1546-1696 ; 1087-0156
    ISSN (online) 1546-1696
    ISSN 1087-0156
    DOI 10.1038/s41587-019-0169-0
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  6. Article ; Online: Optimal size of DNA encapsidated by plant produced human papillomavirus pseudovirions.

    Adams, Ayesha / Hendrikse, Megan / Rybicki, Edward P / Hitzeroth, Inga I

    Virology

    2023  Volume 580, Page(s) 88–97

    Abstract: Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are known to be the cause of anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers as well as genital and common warts. HPV pseudovirions (PsVs) are synthetic viral particles that are made up of the L1 major and L2 minor HPV capsid proteins ... ...

    Abstract Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are known to be the cause of anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers as well as genital and common warts. HPV pseudovirions (PsVs) are synthetic viral particles that are made up of the L1 major and L2 minor HPV capsid proteins and up to 8 Kb of encapsidated pseudogenome dsDNA. HPV PsVs are used to test novel neutralising antibodies elicited by vaccines, for studying the virus life cycle, and potentially for the delivery of therapeutic DNA vaccines. HPV PsVs are typically produced in mammalian cells, however, it has recently been shown that Papillomavirus PsVs can be produced in plants, a potentially safer, cheaper and more easily scalable means of production. We analysed the encapsidation frequencies of pseudogenomes expressing EGFP, ranging in size from 4.8 Kb to 7.8 Kb, by plant-made HPV-35 L1/L2 particles. The smaller pseudogenomes were found to be packaged more efficiently into PsVs as higher concentrations of encapsidated DNA and higher levels of EGFP expression were obtained with the 4.8 Kb pseudogenome, compared to the larger 5.8-7.8 Kb pseudogenomes. Thus, smaller pseudogenomes, of 4.8 Kb, should be used for efficient plant production of HPV-35 PsVs.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Human Papillomavirus Viruses ; Papillomavirus Infections ; Capsid Proteins/metabolism ; Papillomaviridae/genetics ; DNA ; Papillomavirus Vaccines ; Oncogene Proteins, Viral ; Mammals
    Chemical Substances Capsid Proteins ; DNA (9007-49-2) ; Papillomavirus Vaccines ; Oncogene Proteins, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 200425-2
    ISSN 1096-0341 ; 0042-6822
    ISSN (online) 1096-0341
    ISSN 0042-6822
    DOI 10.1016/j.virol.2023.02.003
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  7. Article ; Online: Optimal size of DNA encapsidated by plant produced human papillomavirus pseudovirions

    Adams, Ayesha / Hendrikse, Megan / Rybicki, Edward P. / Hitzeroth, Inga I.

    Virology. 2023 Mar., v. 580 p.88-97

    2023  

    Abstract: Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are known to be the cause of anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers as well as genital and common warts. HPV pseudovirions (PsVs) are synthetic viral particles that are made up of the L1 major and L2 minor HPV capsid proteins ... ...

    Abstract Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are known to be the cause of anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers as well as genital and common warts. HPV pseudovirions (PsVs) are synthetic viral particles that are made up of the L1 major and L2 minor HPV capsid proteins and up to 8 Kb of encapsidated pseudogenome dsDNA. HPV PsVs are used to test novel neutralising antibodies elicited by vaccines, for studying the virus life cycle, and potentially for the delivery of therapeutic DNA vaccines. HPV PsVs are typically produced in mammalian cells, however, it has recently been shown that Papillomavirus PsVs can be produced in plants, a potentially safer, cheaper and more easily scalable means of production. We analysed the encapsidation frequencies of pseudogenomes expressing EGFP, ranging in size from 4.8 Kb to 7.8 Kb, by plant-made HPV-35 L1/L2 particles. The smaller pseudogenomes were found to be packaged more efficiently into PsVs as higher concentrations of encapsidated DNA and higher levels of EGFP expression were obtained with the 4.8 Kb pseudogenome, compared to the larger 5.8–7.8 Kb pseudogenomes. Thus, smaller pseudogenomes, of 4.8 Kb, should be used for efficient plant production of HPV-35 PsVs.
    Keywords DNA ; Papillomaviridae ; capsid ; humans ; therapeutics ; virology ; viruses ; HPV ; Pseudovirions ; Plant-made ; Pseudogenome ; DNA size ; Vaccine ; Biopharming
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-03
    Size p. 88-97.
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 200425-2
    ISSN 1096-0341 ; 0042-6822
    ISSN (online) 1096-0341
    ISSN 0042-6822
    DOI 10.1016/j.virol.2023.02.003
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article: Use of a Novel Enhanced DNA Vaccine Vector for Preclinical Virus Vaccine Investigation.

    Chapman, Rosamund / Rybicki, Edward P

    Vaccines

    2019  Volume 7, Issue 2

    Abstract: DNA vaccines are stable, safe, and cost effective to produce and relatively quick and easy to manufacture. However, to date, DNA vaccines have shown relatively poor immunogenicity in humans despite promising preclinical results. Consequently, a number of ...

    Abstract DNA vaccines are stable, safe, and cost effective to produce and relatively quick and easy to manufacture. However, to date, DNA vaccines have shown relatively poor immunogenicity in humans despite promising preclinical results. Consequently, a number of different approaches have been investigated to improve the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines. These include the use of improved delivery methods, adjuvants, stronger promoters and enhancer elements to increase antigen expression, and codon optimization of the gene of interest. This review describes the creation and use of a DNA vaccine vector containing a porcine circovirus (PCV-1) enhancer element that significantly increases recombinant antigen expression and immunogenicity and allows for dose sparing. A 172 bp region containing the PCV-1 capsid protein promoter (Pcap) and a smaller element (PC; 70 bp) within this were found to be equally effective. DNA vaccines containing the Pcap region expressing various HIV-1 antigens were found to be highly immunogenic in mice, rabbits, and macaques at 4-10-fold lower doses than normally used and to be highly effective in heterologous prime-boost regimens. By lowering the amount of DNA used for immunization, safety concerns over injecting large amounts of DNA into humans can be overcome.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-06-13
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2703319-3
    ISSN 2076-393X
    ISSN 2076-393X
    DOI 10.3390/vaccines7020050
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  9. Article ; Online: A Top Ten list for economically important plant viruses.

    Rybicki, Edward P

    Archives of virology

    2015  Volume 160, Issue 1, Page(s) 17–20

    Abstract: The concept of "Top Ten" lists of plant pathogens is in vogue in recent years, and plant viruses are no exception. However, the only list available has more to do with historical and scientific worth than it has to do with economic impact on humans and ... ...

    Abstract The concept of "Top Ten" lists of plant pathogens is in vogue in recent years, and plant viruses are no exception. However, the only list available has more to do with historical and scientific worth than it has to do with economic impact on humans and their animals. This review will discuss the most important plant viruses that cause serious harm to food plants that sustain the bulk of humankind.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Plant Diseases/economics ; Plant Diseases/virology ; Plant Pathology ; Plant Viruses/classification
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-01
    Publishing country Austria
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 7491-3
    ISSN 1432-8798 ; 0304-8608
    ISSN (online) 1432-8798
    ISSN 0304-8608
    DOI 10.1007/s00705-014-2295-9
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  10. Article ; Online: Plant-based vaccines against viruses.

    Rybicki, Edward P

    Virology journal

    2014  Volume 11, Page(s) 205

    Abstract: Plant-made or "biofarmed" viral vaccines are some of the earliest products of the technology of plant molecular farming, and remain some of the brightest prospects for the success of this field. Proofs of principle and of efficacy exist for many ... ...

    Abstract Plant-made or "biofarmed" viral vaccines are some of the earliest products of the technology of plant molecular farming, and remain some of the brightest prospects for the success of this field. Proofs of principle and of efficacy exist for many candidate viral veterinary vaccines; the use of plant-made viral antigens and of monoclonal antibodies for therapy of animal and even human viral disease is also well established. This review explores some of the more prominent recent advances in the biofarming of viral vaccines and therapies, including the recent use of ZMapp for Ebolavirus infection, and explores some possible future applications of the technology.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Biotechnology/methods ; Drug Discovery/trends ; Humans ; Plants, Genetically Modified/genetics ; Plants, Genetically Modified/metabolism ; Technology, Pharmaceutical/methods ; Viral Vaccines/immunology ; Viral Vaccines/isolation & purification ; Virus Diseases/prevention & control ; Virus Diseases/veterinary
    Chemical Substances Viral Vaccines
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-12-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ISSN 1743-422X
    ISSN (online) 1743-422X
    DOI 10.1186/s12985-014-0205-0
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