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  1. Article ; Online: Paradigmatic case of long-term colocated wind–wave energy index trend in Canary Islands

    Ulazia, Alain / Sáenz, Jon / Saenz-Aguirre, Aitor / Ibarra-Berastegui, Gabriel / Carreno-Madinabeitia, Sheila

    Energy Conversion and Management. 2023 May, v. 283 p.116890-

    2023  

    Abstract: Previous studies based on remote sensing data and reanalysis have identified strong historical increments of wind speed in the area around the Canary Islands (Spain) without appreciating any increment of wave height. This decoupling of long-term trends ... ...

    Abstract Previous studies based on remote sensing data and reanalysis have identified strong historical increments of wind speed in the area around the Canary Islands (Spain) without appreciating any increment of wave height. This decoupling of long-term trends for wind and wave data is not very common, and can be considered paradigmatic for an innovative study, with important implications for wind and wave hybrid or co-located energy production. In this study, wind and wave data from ERA5 reanalysis in the area around the Canary Islands have been used to compute a wind–wave energy co-location feasibility index between 1981–2020 showing an increment of the index above ＋5%/decade. Furthermore, realistic wind and wave energy production has been calculated at an interesting hot-spot using a specific floating wind turbine co-located aside a oscillating buoy type wave energy converter. The corresponding capacity factor trend for wind energy (＋0.8%/decade) and capture width ratio evolution for wave energy (−1.5%/decade) shows also the wind–wave decoupling, which constitutes a significant result for an original approach.
    Keywords administrative management ; energy conversion ; water power ; water waves ; wind power ; wind speed ; wind turbines ; Spain ; Wave energy ; Wind energy ; Co-location index ; ERA5 ; Long-term energy trend ; Fluid mechanics
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-05
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note Use and reproduction
    ZDB-ID 2000891-0
    ISSN 0196-8904
    ISSN 0196-8904
    DOI 10.1016/j.enconman.2023.116890
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article ; Online: CMIP6 projections for global offshore wind and wave energy production (2015-2100).

    Ibarra-Berastegui, Gabriel / Sáenz, Jon / Ulazia, Alain / Sáenz-Aguirre, Aitor / Esnaola, Ganix

    Scientific reports

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 18046

    Abstract: Three-hourly CMIP6 projections have been used in conjuction with the CSIRO WaveWatchIII wave model to calculate the global trends in offshore wind and wave energy for the SSP585 and SSP126 scenarios until 2100. The results indicate that moderate yet ... ...

    Abstract Three-hourly CMIP6 projections have been used in conjuction with the CSIRO WaveWatchIII wave model to calculate the global trends in offshore wind and wave energy for the SSP585 and SSP126 scenarios until 2100. The results indicate that moderate yet significant changes are expected in the theoretical electricity generated from wind and waves at fewer than 10-15% of coastal locations. While this implies a generally stable outlook for the future, certain coastal regions with existing or planned wind farms may experience a slight reduction in production by 2100. Regarding wave energy, given its early stage of development, a more cautious approach is advisable, although a similar conclusion may be reached. Considering the decreasing installation costs on the horizon and accounting for both climatic scenarios, this provides a reliable context for most ongoing feasibility studies, technological developments, and offshore facility investments.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-023-45450-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Optimal strategies of deployment of far offshore co-located wind-wave energy farms

    Saenz-Aguirre, Aitor / Saenz, Jon / Ulazia, Alain / Ibarra-Berastegui, Gabriel

    Energy conversion and management. 2022 Jan. 01, v. 251

    2022  

    Abstract: The most profitable offshore energy resources are usually found away from the coast. Nevertheless, the accessibility and grid integration in those areas are more complicated. To avoid this problematic, large scale hydrogen production is being promoted ... ...

    Abstract The most profitable offshore energy resources are usually found away from the coast. Nevertheless, the accessibility and grid integration in those areas are more complicated. To avoid this problematic, large scale hydrogen production is being promoted for far offshore applications. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the ability of wave energy converters to maximize hydrogen production in hybrid wind and wave far offshore farms. To that end, wind and wave resource data are obtained from ERA5 for different locations in the Atlantic ocean and a Maximum Covariance Analysis is proposed for the selection of the most representative locations. Furthermore, the suitability of different sized wave energy converters for auxiliary hydrogen production in the far offshore wind farms is also analysed. On that account, the hydrodynamic parameters of the oscillating bodies are obtained via simulations with a Boundary Element Method based code and their operation is modelled using the software tool Matlab. The combination of both methodologies enables to perform a realistic assessment of the contribution of the wave energy converters to the hydrogen generation of an hybrid energy farm, especially during those periods when the wind turbines would be stopped due to the variability of the wind. The obtained results show a considerable hydrogen generation capacity of the wave energy converters, up to 6.28% of the wind based generation, which could remarkably improve the efficiency of the far offshore farm and bring important economical profit. Wave energy converters are observed to be most profitable in those farms with low covariance between wind and waves, where the disconnection times of the wind turbines are prone to be more prolonged but the wave energy is still usable. In such cases, a maximum of 101.12 h of equivalent rated production of the wind turbine has been calculated to be recovered by the wave energy converters.
    Keywords administrative management ; analysis of covariance ; coasts ; computer software ; covariance ; energy conversion ; farms ; hydrodynamics ; hydrogen production ; water power ; water waves ; wind ; wind power ; wind turbines ; Atlantic Ocean
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0101
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2000891-0
    ISSN 0196-8904
    ISSN 0196-8904
    DOI 10.1016/j.enconman.2021.114914
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article: Optimal Wind Turbine Operation by Artificial Neural Network-Based Active Gurney Flap Flow Control

    Saenz-Aguirre, Aitor / Fernandez-Gamiz, Unai / Martinez-Rico, Jon / Ulazia, Alain / Zulueta, Ekaitz

    Sustainability. 2019 May 16, v. 11, no. 10

    2019  

    Abstract: Flow control devices have been introduced in the wind energy sector to improve the aerodynamic behavior of the wind turbine blades (WTBs). Among these flow control devices, Gurney flaps (GFs) have been the focus of innovative research, due to their good ... ...

    Abstract Flow control devices have been introduced in the wind energy sector to improve the aerodynamic behavior of the wind turbine blades (WTBs). Among these flow control devices, Gurney flaps (GFs) have been the focus of innovative research, due to their good characteristics which enhance the lift force that causes the rotation of the wind turbine rotor. The lift force increment introduced by GFs depends on the physical characteristics of the device and the angle of attack (AoA) of the incoming wind. Hence, despite a careful and detailed design, the real performance of the GFs is conditioned by an external factor, the wind. In this paper, an active operation of GFs is proposed in order to optimize their performance. The objective of the active Gurney flap (AGF) flow control technique is to enhance the aerodynamic adaption capability of the wind turbine and, thus, achieve an optimal operation in response to fast variations in the incoming wind. In order to facilitate the management of the information used by the AGF strategy, the aerodynamic data calculated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are stored in an artificial neural network (ANN). Blade element momentum (BEM) based calculations have been performed to analyze the aerodynamic behavior of the WTBs with the proposed AGF strategy and calculate the corresponding operation of the wind turbine. Real wind speed values from a meteorological station in Salt Lake City, Utah, USA, have been used for the steady BEM calculations. The obtained results show a considerable improvement in the performance of the wind turbine, in the form of an enhanced generated energy output value and a reduced bending moment at the root of the WTB.
    Keywords aerodynamics ; blades ; energy industry ; momentum ; neural networks ; power generation ; wind power ; wind speed ; wind turbines ; Utah
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-0516
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2518383-7
    ISSN 2071-1050
    ISSN 2071-1050
    DOI 10.3390/su11102809
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article: Oscillating U-Shaped Body for Underwater Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Power Optimization.

    Aramendia, Iñigo / Saenz-Aguirre, Aitor / Boyano, Ana / Fernandez-Gamiz, Unai / Zulueta, Ekaitz

    Micromachines

    2019  Volume 10, Issue 11

    Abstract: Vibration energy harvesting (VeH) techniques by means of intentionally designed mechanisms have been used in the last decade for frequency bandwidth improvement under excitation for adequately high-vibration amplitudes. Oil, gas, and water are vital ... ...

    Abstract Vibration energy harvesting (VeH) techniques by means of intentionally designed mechanisms have been used in the last decade for frequency bandwidth improvement under excitation for adequately high-vibration amplitudes. Oil, gas, and water are vital resources that are usually transported by extensive pipe networks. Therefore, wireless self-powered sensors are a sustainable choice to monitor in-pipe system applications. The mechanism, which is intended for water pipes with diameters of 2-5 inches, contains a piezoelectric beam assembled to the oscillating body. A novel U-shaped geometry of an underwater energy harvester has been designed and implemented. Then, the results have been compared with the traditional circular cylinder shape. At first, a numerical study has been carried at Reynolds numbers Re = 3000, 6000, 9000, and 12,000 in order to capture as much as kinetic energy from the water flow. Consequently, unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS)-based simulations are carried out to investigate the dynamic forces under different conditions. In addition, an Adaptive Differential Evolution (JADE) multivariable optimization algorithm has been implemented for the optimal design of the harvester and the maximization of the power extracted from it. The results show that the U-shaped geometry can extract more power from the kinetic energy of the fluid than the traditional circular cylinder harvester under the same conditions.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-10-30
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2620864-7
    ISSN 2072-666X
    ISSN 2072-666X
    DOI 10.3390/mi10110737
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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