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  1. Article ; Online: Mobile MAX-DOAS observations of tropospheric NO 2 and HCHO during summer over the Three Rivers' Source region in China

    S. Cheng / X. Cheng / J. Ma / X. Xu / W. Zhang / J. Lv / G. Bai / B. Chen / S. Ma / S. Ziegler / S. Donner / T. Wagner

    Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol 23, Pp 3655-

    2023  Volume 3677

    Abstract: The tropospheric concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) and formaldehyde (HCHO) have high spatio-temporal variability, and in situ observations of these trace gases are still scarce, especially in remote background areas. We made four similar ... ...

    Abstract The tropospheric concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) and formaldehyde (HCHO) have high spatio-temporal variability, and in situ observations of these trace gases are still scarce, especially in remote background areas. We made four similar circling journeys of mobile multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) measurements in the Three Rivers' Source region over the Tibetan Plateau in summer (18–30 July) 2021 for the first time. The differential slant column densities (DSCDs) of NO 2 and HCHO were retrieved from the measured spectra, with very weak absorptions along the driving routes. The tropospheric NO 2 and HCHO vertical column densities (VCDs) were calculated from their DSCDs by the geometric approximation method, and they were further filtered to form reliable data sets by eliminating the influences of sunlight shelters and the vehicle's vibration and bumpiness. The observational data show that the tropospheric NO 2 and HCHO VCDs decreased with the increasing altitude of the driving route, whose background levels ± standard deviations were 0.40 ± 1.13×10 15 molec. cm −2 for NO 2 and 2.27 ± 1.66 × 10 15 <svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="88pt" height="14pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="8269baa0786241d04505b2cd3bb4a517"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="acp-23-3655-2023-ie00001.svg" width="88pt" height="14pt" src="acp-23-3655-2023-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg> molec. cm −2 for HCHO in July 2021 over the Three Rivers' Source region. The NO 2 VCDs show similar geographical distribution patterns between the different circling journeys, but the levels of the HCHO VCDs are different between the different circling journeys. The elevated NO 2 VCDs along the driving routes usually corresponded to enhanced transport emissions from the towns crossed. However, the spatial distributions of the HCHO VCDs depended significantly on natural and meteorological conditions, such as surface temperature. By comparing ...
    Keywords Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Copernicus Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article: Future Water Supply and Demand Management Options in the Athabasca Oil Sands

    Leong, D / S. Donner

    River research and applications. 2016 Nov., v. 32, no. 9

    2016  

    Abstract: The Athabasca River Basin, home to Canada's growing oil sands mining industry, faces challenging trade‐offs between energy production and water security. Water demand from the oil sands mining industry is projected to increase as climate change is ... ...

    Abstract The Athabasca River Basin, home to Canada's growing oil sands mining industry, faces challenging trade‐offs between energy production and water security. Water demand from the oil sands mining industry is projected to increase as climate change is projected to alter the seasonal freshwater supply. In this study, a range of water management options are developed to investigate the potential trade‐offs between the scale of bitumen production and industry growth, water storage requirements, and environmental protection for the aquatic ecosystems, under projections of mid‐century climate change. It is projected that water storage will be required to supplement river withdrawals to maintain continuous bitumen production under the impacts of future climate warming. If high growth in future bitumen production and water demand is the priority, then building sufficient water storage capacity to meet industry demand will be comparable to a week of lost revenue because of interrupted production. If environmental protection is prioritized instead, it will require over nine times the water storage costs to maintain water demand under a high industry growth trajectory. Future water use decisions will need to first, determine the scale of industry and environmental protection, and second, balance the costs of water storage against lost revenue because of water shortages that limit bitumen production. This physically based assessment of future water trade‐offs can inform water policy, water management decisions, and climate change adaptation plans, with applicability to other regions facing trade‐offs between industrial development and ecosystem water needs. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Keywords aquatic ecosystems ; bitumen ; energy ; environmental protection ; freshwater ; global warming ; income ; industrialization ; mining ; oil sands ; rivers ; supply balance ; water policy ; water security ; water shortages ; water storage ; water utilization ; watersheds ; Canada
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-11
    Size p. 1853-1861.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 2072626-0
    ISSN 1535-1459
    ISSN 1535-1459
    DOI 10.1002/rra.3033
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article ; Online: Improved finite-source inversion through joint measurements of rotational and translational ground motions

    M. Reinwald / M. Bernauer / H. Igel / S. Donner

    Solid Earth, Vol 7, Iss 5, Pp 1467-

    a numerical study

    2016  Volume 1477

    Abstract: With the prospects of seismic equipment being able to measure rotational ground motions in a wide frequency and amplitude range in the near future, we engage in the question of how this type of ground motion observation can be used to solve the seismic ... ...

    Abstract With the prospects of seismic equipment being able to measure rotational ground motions in a wide frequency and amplitude range in the near future, we engage in the question of how this type of ground motion observation can be used to solve the seismic source inverse problem. In this paper, we focus on the question of whether finite-source inversion can benefit from additional observations of rotational motion. Keeping the overall number of traces constant, we compare observations from a surface seismic network with 44 three-component translational sensors (classic seismometers) with those obtained with 22 six-component sensors (with additional three-component rotational motions). Synthetic seismograms are calculated for known finite-source properties. The corresponding inverse problem is posed in a probabilistic way using the Shannon information content to measure how the observations constrain the seismic source properties. We minimize the influence of the source receiver geometry around the fault by statistically analyzing six-component inversions with a random distribution of receivers. Since our previous results are achieved with a regular spacing of the receivers, we try to answer the question of whether the results are dependent on the spatial distribution of the receivers. The results show that with the six-component subnetworks, kinematic source inversions for source properties (such as rupture velocity, rise time, and slip amplitudes) are not only equally successful (even that would be beneficial because of the substantially reduced logistics installing half the sensors) but also statistically inversions for some source properties are almost always improved. This can be attributed to the fact that the (in particular vertical) gradient information is contained in the additional motion components. We compare these effects for strike-slip and normal-faulting type sources and confirm that the increase in inversion quality for kinematic source parameters is even higher for the normal fault. This indicates that the inversion benefits from the additional information provided by the horizontal rotation rates, i.e., information about the vertical displacement gradient.
    Keywords Science ; Q ; Geology ; QE1-996.5 ; Stratigraphy ; QE640-699 ; Petrology ; QE420-499 ; Dynamic and structural geology ; QE500-639.5
    Subject code 629
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Copernicus Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Long-term MAX-DOAS measurements of NO 2 , HCHO, and aerosols and evaluation of corresponding satellite data products over Mohali in the Indo-Gangetic Plain

    V. Kumar / S. Beirle / S. Dörner / A. K. Mishra / S. Donner / Y. Wang / V. Sinha / T. Wagner

    Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol 20, Pp 14183-

    2020  Volume 14235

    Abstract: We present comprehensive long-term ground-based multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) measurements of aerosols, nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), and formaldehyde (HCHO) from Mohali (30.667 ∘ N, 76.739 ∘ E; ∼310 m above mean sea ... ...

    Abstract We present comprehensive long-term ground-based multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) measurements of aerosols, nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), and formaldehyde (HCHO) from Mohali (30.667 ∘ N, 76.739 ∘ E; ∼310 m above mean sea level), located in the densely populated Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) of India. We investigate the temporal variation in tropospheric columns, surface volume mixing ratio (VMR), and vertical profiles of aerosols, NO 2 , and HCHO and identify factors driving their ambient levels and distributions for the period from January 2013 to June 2017. We observed mean aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 360 nm, tropospheric NO 2 vertical column density (VCD), and tropospheric HCHO VCD for the measurement period to be 0.63 ± 0.51, (6.7 ± 4.1) × 10 15 , and (12.1 ± 7.5) × 10 15 molecules cm −2 , respectively. Concerning the tropospheric NO 2 VCDs, Mohali was found to be less polluted than urban and suburban locations of China and western countries, but comparable HCHO VCDs were observed. For the more than 4 years of measurements during which the region around the measurement location underwent significant urban development, we did not observe obvious annual trends in AOD, NO 2 , and HCHO. High tropospheric NO 2 VCDs were observed in periods with enhanced biomass and biofuel combustion (e.g. agricultural residue burning and domestic burning for heating). Highest tropospheric HCHO VCDs were observed in agricultural residue burning periods with favourable meteorological conditions for photochemical formation, which in previous studies have shown an implication for high ambient ozone also over the IGP. Highest AOD is observed in the monsoon season, indicating possible hygroscopic growth of the aerosol particles. Most of the NO 2 is located close to the surface, whereas significant HCHO is present at higher altitudes up to 600 m during summer indicating active photochemistry at high altitudes. The vertical distribution of aerosol, NO 2 , and HCHO follows the change in boundary layer height ...
    Keywords Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 333 ; 511
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Copernicus Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Combined Inversion of Broadband and Short-Period Waveform Data for Regional Moment Tensors

    S. Donner / F. Krüger / D. Rößler / A. Ghods

    Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

    A Case Study in the Alborz Mountains, Iran

    2014  

    Publishing country de
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1785/0120130229
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Conference proceedings ; Online: Combined inversion of broad-band and short-period waveforms for regional seismic moment tensors

    S. Donner / F. Krüger / D. Rößler / A. Ghods

    Abstracts ; 74. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Geophysikalischen Gesellschaft (DGG) (Karlsruhe 2014)#

    2014  

    Publishing country de
    Document type Conference proceedings ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: MAX-DOAS measurements of NO 2 , SO 2 , HCHO, and BrO at the Mt. Waliguan WMO GAW global baseline station in the Tibetan Plateau

    J. Ma / S. Dörner / S. Donner / J. Jin / S. Cheng / J. Guo / Z. Zhang / J. Wang / P. Liu / G. Zhang / J. Pukite / J. Lampel / T. Wagner

    Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol 20, Pp 6973-

    2020  Volume 6990

    Abstract: Mt. Waliguan Observatory (WLG) is a World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) global baseline station in China. WLG is located at the northeastern part of the Tibetan Plateau (36 ∘ 17 ′ N, 100 ∘ 54 ′ E, 3816 m a.s.l.) and is ... ...

    Abstract Mt. Waliguan Observatory (WLG) is a World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) global baseline station in China. WLG is located at the northeastern part of the Tibetan Plateau (36 ∘ 17 ′ N, 100 ∘ 54 ′ E, 3816 m a.s.l.) and is representative of the pristine atmosphere over the Eurasian continent. We made long-term ground-based multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) measurements at WLG during the period 2012–2015. In this study, we retrieve the differential slant column densities (dSCDs) and estimate the tropospheric background mixing ratios of different trace gases, including NO 2 , SO 2 , HCHO, and BrO, using the measured spectra at WLG. Averaging of 10 original spectra is found to be an “optimum option” for reducing both the statistical error of the spectral retrieval and systematic errors in the analysis. The dSCDs of NO 2 , SO 2 , HCHO, and BrO under clear-sky and low-aerosol-load conditions are extracted from measured spectra at different elevation angles at WLG. By performing radiative transfer simulations with the model TRACY-2, we establish approximate relationships between the trace gas dSCDs at 1 ∘ elevation angle and the corresponding average tropospheric background volume mixing ratios. Mixing ratios of these trace gases in the lower troposphere over WLG are estimated to be in a range of about 7 ppt (January) to 100 ppt (May) for NO 2 , below 0.5 ppb for SO 2 , between 0.4 and 0.9 ppb for HCHO, and lower than 0.3 ppt for BrO. The chemical box model simulations constrained by the NO 2 concentration from our MAX-DOAS measurements show that there is a little net ozone loss ( −0.8 ppb d −1 ) for the free-tropospheric conditions and a little net ozone production (0.3 ppb d −1 ) for the boundary layer conditions over WLG during summertime. Our study provides valuable information and data sets for further investigating tropospheric chemistry in the background atmosphere and its links to anthropogenic activities.
    Keywords Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Copernicus Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Segmented seismicity of the Mw 6.2 Baladeh earthquake sequence (Alborz mountains, Iran) revealed from regional moment tensors

    S. Donner / Dirk Rößler / F. Krüger / A. Ghods / M. Strecker

    Journal of Seismology

    2013  

    Publishing country de
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    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: The Ahar-Varzeghan Earthquake Doublet (Mw 6.4 and 6.2) of 11 August 2012

    S. Donner / A. Ghods / F. Kruger / D. Rößler / A. Landgraf / P. Ballato

    Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

    Regional Seismic Moment Tensors and a Seismotectonic Interpretation

    2015  

    Publishing country de
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1785/0120140042
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Conference proceedings ; Online: The 2012 Ahar-Varzeghan earthquake doublet (Mw 6.4 and 6.2) – rupture on the same or conjugate faults?

    S. Donner / H. Sudhaus / A. Ghods / F. Krüger / D. Rößler / A. Landgraf / P. Ballato

    Abstracts ; Forschungskollegiums Physik der Erde (FKPE), AG Seismologie - Konferenz#

    2014  

    Publishing country de
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    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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