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Article ; Online: Production of glycerolamines based conjugated γ-aminobutyric acids using microbial COX and LOX as successor enzymes to GAD.

Yavarzadeh, Marjan / Anwar, Farooq / Saadi, Sami / Saari, Nazamid

2023 Volume 169, Page(s) 110282

Abstract: Gamma-aminobutyric acid (γ-ABA) can be produced by various microorganisms including bacteria, fungi and yeasts using enzymatic bioconversion, microbial fermentation or chemical hydrolysis. Regenerating conjugated glycerol-amines is valid by the ... ...

Abstract	Gamma-aminobutyric acid (γ-ABA) can be produced by various microorganisms including bacteria, fungi and yeasts using enzymatic bioconversion, microbial fermentation or chemical hydrolysis. Regenerating conjugated glycerol-amines is valid by the intervention of microbial cyclooxygenase [COX] and lipooxygenase [LOX] enzymes produced via lactobacillus bacteria (LAB) as successor enzymes to glutamate decarboxylases (GAD). Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide an overview on γ-ABA production, and microbiological achievements used in producing this signal molecule based on those fermenting enzymes. The formation of aminoglycerides based conjugated γ-ABA is considered the key substances in controlling the host defense against pathogens and is aimed in increasing the neurotransmission effects and in suppressing further cardiovascular diseases.
MeSH term(s)	gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/biosynthesis ; Fermentation ; Glutamate Decarboxylase/metabolism ; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases/metabolism ; Lactobacillus/enzymology ; Lipoxygenases/metabolism
Chemical Substances	gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (56-12-2) ; Glutamate Decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.15) ; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases (EC 1.14.99.1) ; Lipoxygenases (EC 1.13.11.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	423729-8
ISSN	1879-0909 ; 0141-0229
ISSN (online)	1879-0909
ISSN	0141-0229
DOI	10.1016/j.enzmictec.2023.110282
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Article ; Online: The underlying mechanism of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA damages in triggering cancer incidences: Insights into proteomic and genomic sciences.

Saadi, Sami / Nacer, Nor Elhouda / Saari, Nazamid / Mohammed, Abdulkarim Sabo / Anwar, Farooq

Journal of biotechnology

2024 Volume 383, Page(s) 1–12

Abstract: The attempt of this review article is to determine the impact of nuclear and mitochondrial damages on the propagation of cancer incidences. This review has advanced our understanding to altered genes and their relevant cancerous proteins. The progressive ...

Abstract	The attempt of this review article is to determine the impact of nuclear and mitochondrial damages on the propagation of cancer incidences. This review has advanced our understanding to altered genes and their relevant cancerous proteins. The progressive raising effects of free reactive oxygen species ROS and toxicogenic compounds contributed to significant mutation in nuclear and mitochondrial DNA where the incidence of gastric cancer is found to be linked with down regulation of some relevant genes and mutation in some important cellular proteins such as AMP-18 and CA-11. Thereby, the resulting changes in gene mutations induced the apparition of newly polymorphisms eventually leading to unusual cellular expression to mutant proteins. Reduction of these apoptotic growth factors and nuclear damages is increasingly accepted by cell reactivation effect, enhanced cellular signaling and DNA repairs. Acetylation, glycation, pegylation and phosphorylation are among the molecular techniques used in DNA repair for rectifying mutation incidences. In addition, the molecular labeling based fluorescent materials are currently used along with the bioconjugating of signal molecules in targeting disease translocation site, particularly cancers and tumors. These strategies would help in determining relevant compounds capable in overcoming problems of down regulating genes responsible for repair mechanisms. These issues of course need interplay of both proteomic and genomic studies often in combination of molecular engineering to cible the exact expressed gene relevant to these cancerous proteins.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Proteomics ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; Incidence ; Genomics ; Neoplasms/genetics
Chemical Substances	DNA, Mitochondrial
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-02
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	843647-2
ISSN	1873-4863 ; 0168-1656 ; 1389-0352
ISSN (online)	1873-4863
ISSN	0168-1656 ; 1389-0352
DOI	10.1016/j.jbiotec.2024.01.013
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Article ; Online: Mitigation of antinutritional factors and protease inhibitors of defatted winged bean-seed proteins using thermal and hydrothermal treatments: Denaturation/unfolding coupled hydrolysis mechanism.

Saadi, Sami / Saari, Nazamid / Ghazali, Hasanah Mohd / Abdulkarim, Mohammed Sabo

Current research in food science

2022 Volume 5, Page(s) 207–221

Abstract: The inactivation of antinutritional factors, protease inhibitors within winged bean protein was induced by two respective method treatments. The physical method based on steam vapor that was conducted using an autoclave and chemical method consisting on ... ...

Abstract	The inactivation of antinutritional factors, protease inhibitors within winged bean protein was induced by two respective method treatments. The physical method based on steam vapor that was conducted using an autoclave and chemical method consisting on pH-gradients of buffer solutions prepared at respective acidic pH, neutral pH and alkaline pH ranges. The activity of remaining protease inhibitors of bowman birk inhibitor (BBI), and kunitz-trypsin inhibitor (KTI) after and before treatments was enzymatically confirmed using relevant antagonistic trypsin and combined trypsin-α-chymotrypsin digests. The resulting molecular assembly indicating an interval molecular relaxation range of °0.16 < °DA < °0.2 corresponding to reconformation in protein units with volume-mass changes of -2.17 < ∂v' < +2.17 and with denaturation/unfolding efficiency based on heat capacity ΔCp of 36.36 < DE/UF% < 54.67. These structural changes had a great benefit in determining and producing functional protein hydrolysates.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-17
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2665-9271
ISSN (online)	2665-9271
DOI	10.1016/j.crfs.2022.01.011
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Article ; Online: Methyl ester and aromatic ether modification of mitragynine for generation of mitragynine-specific polyclonal antibodies.

Mustafa, Radhiahtul Raehan / Sukor, Rashidah / Mohd Nor, Siti Mariam / Saari, Nazamid

Journal of immunological methods

2022 Volume 507, Page(s) 113291

Abstract: Mitragynine is an alkaloid from Mitragyna speciosa Korth. (kratom), a native tropical plant in Southeast Asia. It could render psychotropic effects and is often misused in substitution for commercial drugs. In recent years, the consumption of kratom has ... ...

Abstract	Mitragynine is an alkaloid from Mitragyna speciosa Korth. (kratom), a native tropical plant in Southeast Asia. It could render psychotropic effects and is often misused in substitution for commercial drugs. In recent years, the consumption of kratom has grown rapidly and has led some countries to ban its use. The misuse of kratom can be detected and monitored through the determination of mitragynine from biological samples of the users. Therefore, the development of a rapid and effective detection method is needed. In this study, polyclonal antibodies were produced using mitragynine coupled to a carrier protein (cationic bovine serum albumin, cBSA) as an immunogen, which was prepared with coupling agents (i.e., N, N- dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, DCC and N-hydroxysuccinimide, NHS). It was conjugated to different mitragynine structure, 16-COOCH
MeSH term(s)	Antibodies ; Biosensing Techniques ; Esters ; Ether ; Ethers ; Immunoassay ; Mitragyna/chemistry ; Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids
Chemical Substances	Antibodies ; Esters ; Ethers ; Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids ; Ether (0F5N573A2Y) ; mitragynine (EP479K822J)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-28
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	120142-6
ISSN	1872-7905 ; 0022-1759
ISSN (online)	1872-7905
ISSN	0022-1759
DOI	10.1016/j.jim.2022.113291
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Article ; Online: Development of Methyl Ester Antibody-Based Competitive Indirect ELISA for Quantitative Detection of Mitragynine in Human Urine.

Mustafa, Radhiahtul Raehan / Sukor, Rashidah / Mohd Nor, Siti Mariam / Saari, Nazamid / Mohsin, Aliah Zannierah

ACS omega

2023 Volume 8, Issue 50, Page(s) 47412–47426

Abstract: Mitragynine is the main psychoactive compound ... ...

Abstract	Mitragynine is the main psychoactive compound of
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2470-1343
ISSN (online)	2470-1343
DOI	10.1021/acsomega.3c02734
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Article: Mitigation of antinutritional factors and protease inhibitors of defatted winged bean-seed proteins using thermal and hydrothermal treatments: Denaturation/unfolding coupled hydrolysis mechanism

Saadi, Sami / Saari, Nazamid / Ghazali, Hasanah Mohd / Abdulkarim, Mohammed Sabo

Current research in food science. 2022, v. 5

2022

Abstract	The inactivation of antinutritional factors, protease inhibitors within winged bean protein was induced by two respective method treatments. The physical method based on steam vapor that was conducted using an autoclave and chemical method consisting on pH-gradients of buffer solutions prepared at respective acidic pH, neutral pH and alkaline pH ranges. The activity of remaining protease inhibitors of bowman birk inhibitor (BBI), and kunitz-trypsin inhibitor (KTI) after and before treatments was enzymatically confirmed using relevant antagonistic trypsin and combined trypsin-α-chymotrypsin digests. The resulting molecular assembly indicating an interval molecular relaxation range of °0.16 < °DA < °0.2 corresponding to reconformation in protein units with volume-mass changes of −2.17 < ∂v' < +2.17 and with denaturation/unfolding efficiency based on heat capacity ΔCp of 36.36 < DE/UF% < 54.67. These structural changes had a great benefit in determining and producing functional protein hydrolysates.
Keywords	Psophocarpus tetragonolobus ; denaturation ; food science ; heat ; hydrolysis ; pH ; research ; steam ; trypsin
Language	English
Size	p. 207-221.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ISSN	2665-9271
DOI	10.1016/j.crfs.2022.01.011
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: A review: Resistant starch, a promising prebiotic for obesity and weight management

Thompson, Mayrilyn Solo / Yan, Tan Hui / Saari, Nazamid / Sarbini, Shahrul Razid

Food bioscience. 2022 Aug. 08,

2022

Abstract: Obesity has become an epidemic where it happens drastically among developing countries. Studies suggested that dietary intake are able to influence human health issues including obesity. Prebiotics are food ingredients that can positively contribute to ... ...

Abstract	Obesity has become an epidemic where it happens drastically among developing countries. Studies suggested that dietary intake are able to influence human health issues including obesity. Prebiotics are food ingredients that can positively contribute to human health by influencing the balance in gut microbiota. Thus, prebiotic dietary can selectively stimulate the growth of beneficial bacteria in the gut, which could be a strategy to address obesity issues. This includes resistant starch (RS), which is a fermentable prebiotic ingredient that is able to contribute in colonic health. Therefore, it is reviewed in this article that RS as a soluble fiber with prebiotic potential for its ability to resist digestion and passes through the colon as well as positively stimulating the fermentation of gut microbiota. Also, metabolites from the colonic fermentation of RS have been exhibited in many studies. Whereby, it is reported that RS stimulates the gut signaling hormones that are responsible for controlling food appetite, preventing fat accumulation and thus, helps in body weight management. With this knowledge, this review suggested that RS may be an option to combat the development of obesity.
Keywords	appetite ; colon ; digestion ; fermentation ; food intake ; human health ; ingredients ; intestinal microorganisms ; metabolites ; obesity ; prebiotics ; resistant starch ; soluble fiber ; weight control
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0808
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	Pre-press version
ISSN	2212-4292
DOI	10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101965
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Identification, molecular docking, and kinetic studies of six novel angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides derived from Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) seed

Zaharuddin, Nurul Dhania / Barkia, Ines / Wan Ibadullah, Wan Zunairah / Zarei, Mohammad / Saari, Nazamid

International journal of biological macromolecules. 2022 Nov. 01, v. 220

2022

Abstract: Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) seed is a valuable protein source that could be used to prepare protein hydrolysates with antihypertensive properties. However, the potential of using kenaf seeds for health food and pharmaceutical applications has not been ...

Abstract	Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) seed is a valuable protein source that could be used to prepare protein hydrolysates with antihypertensive properties. However, the potential of using kenaf seeds for health food and pharmaceutical applications has not been fully exploited. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify and characterise the Angiotensin-I-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides derived from the optimized hydrolysis conditions of kenaf seed protein hydrolysates (KSPH). The optimum hydrolysis conditions determined by response surface methodology (RSM) were as follows: temperature 65 °C, pH 6.5, hydrolysis time 2.25 h, and enzyme/substrate (E/S) ratio of 0.03 (w/w). Under these conditions, the degree of hydrolysis (DH) was 55.28 % and ACE inhibitory activity was 75.51 %. Also, the low molecular weight peptide fractions, <2 kilodalton (kDa) and 2–5 kDa showed the highest ACE-inhibitory activity (82.27 % and 83.69 %, respectively). The 2–5 kDa fraction by Quadrupole-Time-of-Flight Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (QTOF LC − MS) revealed the abundance of six peptides, LYWSYLYN, ALFYWVS, LLLHAL, AKSCVVFP, INPPSTTN, and WTIPTPS. Kinetic studies showed that peptide LYWSYLYN possessed the highest Michaelis constant (Km), maximum velocity (Vmax) values and the lowest inhibitor constant (Ki) values, suggesting of its superior ACE inhibitory activity compared to other peptides.
Keywords	Hibiscus cannabinus ; enzyme kinetics ; enzymes ; health foods ; hydrolysis ; kenaf ; liquid chromatography ; mass spectrometry ; molecular weight ; pH ; peptides ; protein sources ; response surface methodology ; temperature
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-1101
Size	p. 1512-1522.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	282732-3
ISSN	1879-0003 ; 0141-8130
ISSN (online)	1879-0003
ISSN	0141-8130
DOI	10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.142
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Quality improvement of kenaf‐based tofu: effects of kenaf seed substitution, and coagulant types and concentrations on the physicochemical quality, texture profile and microstructure of the tofu

Ibrahim, Shafa’atu Giwa / Wan Ibadullah, Wan Zunairah / Saari, Nazamid / Karim, Roselina

International journal of food science & technology. 2022 July, v. 57, no. 7

2022

Abstract: Tofu was made by substituting kenaf seed (K) with soybean (S) at 100 (positive control), 50%, 40%, 30%, 20%, 10% and 0% (negative control). The results indicated that kenaf seed substitution at all ratios significantly increased the soluble solids and ... ...

Abstract	Tofu was made by substituting kenaf seed (K) with soybean (S) at 100 (positive control), 50%, 40%, 30%, 20%, 10% and 0% (negative control). The results indicated that kenaf seed substitution at all ratios significantly increased the soluble solids and protein content of the milky extracts. The yield, moisture and protein content of the tofu were significantly increased with the increase in kenaf seed substitution, while the lipid content was significantly decreased. The tofu made with kenaf seed substitution of 50%, 40% and 30% had the same protein content (43.76–45.36 g/100 g) with the positive control (45.36 g/100 g), but a significantly higher lipid content (32.00–35.75 g/100 g) than that of the positive control (27.50 g/100 g). The microstructure of the tofu revealed that only the positive control had a honey‐comb structure, whilst the tofu made from kenaf seed‐soybean blends had a pseudo‐honey like structure. Up to 30% of soybean can be added into the kenaf‐based tofu, without any negative effect on the textural and colour properties and, protein content, but significantly improved the essential amino acids content of the kenaf‐based tofu. Therefore, the blend of 70K:30S ratio using 0.5 g% glucono delta‐lactone as a coagulant is recommended to produce kenaf seed‐soybean tofu.
Keywords	coagulants ; color ; combs (social insects) ; food science ; gluconolactone ; kenaf ; lipid content ; microstructure ; protein content ; soybeans ; technology ; texture ; tofu
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-07
Size	p. 4096-4106.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	883561-5
ISSN	0950-5423
ISSN	0950-5423
DOI	10.1111/ijfs.15725
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Valorization of green biomass Azolla pinnata fern: multi‐parameter evaluation of processing conditions on protein extractability and their influence on the physicochemical, structural, techno‐functional properties and protein quality

Qoms, Mohammed S / Arulrajah, Brisha / Shamsudin, Rosnah / Ibadullah, Wan Zunairah Wan / Saari, Nazamid

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 2022 Dec., v. 102, no. 15 p.6974-6983

2022

Abstract: BACKGROUND: This study determined the effect of processing conditions on protein extractability from Azolla pinnata fern, and their influence on the physicochemical, structural, techno‐functional properties and protein quality. RESULTS: The protein ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: This study determined the effect of processing conditions on protein extractability from Azolla pinnata fern, and their influence on the physicochemical, structural, techno‐functional properties and protein quality. RESULTS: The protein extraction from A. pinnata fern was optimized through response surface methodology obtaining a maximum yield of 18.93% with a recovery rate of 73.66%. The A. pinnata fern protein concentrate (AFPC) had five protein bands with a molecular weight ranging from 17 to 56 kDa. AFPC contained high β‐sheet structure (36.61%), favouring its good thermal properties with three endothermic peaks at 54.28, 86.52 and 166.25 °C. The AFPC scored ≥ 1 for all essential amino acids, except for lysine and histidine. The AFPC exhibited exceptionally high techno‐functional properties, particularly for water holding (5.46 g g⁻¹) and fat absorption capacity (10.08 g g⁻¹), and gelling properties (5% gelation concentration). The AFPC had high in vitro digestibility of 73%, signifying its high availability for human consumption. CONCLUSION: The underexploited A. pinnata fern is a potential source of edible protein, thus a promising nutraceutical or ingredient of functional and health‐promoting foods. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Keywords	Azolla pinnata ; absorption ; agriculture ; biomass ; dietary supplements ; digestibility ; endothermy ; ferns and fern allies ; gelation ; health promotion ; histidine ; humans ; ingredients ; lysine ; molecular weight ; protein concentrates ; protein value ; response surface methodology
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-12
Size	p. 6974-6983.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	184116-6
ISSN	1097-0010 ; 0022-5142
ISSN (online)	1097-0010
ISSN	0022-5142
DOI	10.1002/jsfa.12059
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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