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  1. Article ; Online: The dynamics of India – ASEAN trade with special reference to manufactured exports and their technological composition

    Nikhat KHALID / Saba ISMAIL

    Theoretical and Applied Economics, Vol XXIX, Iss 1, Pp 161-

    2022  Volume 172

    Abstract: India’s trade with Southeast Asia received a significant impetus in the early 1990s, with the launching of Look East Policy, after which the partners have been trading intensively and extensively. The study at hand examines the trend and composition of ... ...

    Abstract India’s trade with Southeast Asia received a significant impetus in the early 1990s, with the launching of Look East Policy, after which the partners have been trading intensively and extensively. The study at hand examines the trend and composition of trade from 1992 to 2019, wherein the composition at both, aggregate and disaggregate level at 1, 2 and 3 digit SITC classification has been studied. The study further lays emphasis on technological composition and sophistication in bilateral trade, wherein trade has been studied in terms of the category of technology at the aggregate and disaggregated embodied technology level. The percentage growth in trade between India and ASEAN is found to be promising; with a two digit growth in export and import from 1992 to 2019. Results elucidate a statistically intense trade relationship between the partners, with export and import intensity indices persistently > 1. India’s exports to ASEAN are found to be highly concentrated in the resource based category, while ASEAN’s exports to India are a lot more diversified, having significant exports from the resource-based, high-technology, and medium-technology categories.
    Keywords asean ; look east policy ; foreign trade ; manufactured export ; Business ; HF5001-6182 ; Economic theory. Demography ; HB1-3840 ; Economics as a science ; HB71-74
    Subject code 381
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher General Association of Economists from Romania
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Military Expenditure and Economic Growth in South Asian Countries

    Saba Ismail

    International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Vol 7, Iss

    Empirical Evidences

    2017  Volume 3

    Abstract: This paper is an attempt to examine the relationship between military expenditure and economic growth in South Asia region. Panel fixed effect model has been estimated using panel data from five South Asian Countries. The results indicate positive effect ...

    Abstract This paper is an attempt to examine the relationship between military expenditure and economic growth in South Asia region. Panel fixed effect model has been estimated using panel data from five South Asian Countries. The results indicate positive effect of military expenditure on economic growth but significantly less compared to alternative uses of scare resources as non-military expenditure. This study raises an important issue of huge opportunity cost of military expenditure and foregone opportunity of economic growth. The paper concludes that the boosting of economic growth through higher military expenditure is neither effective nor efficient way of achieving higher growth. Keywords: Military expenditure; Economic growth; Panel Data, South Asia JEL Classifications: H5, O41, O47
    Keywords Business ; HF5001-6182 ; Economics as a science ; HB71-74
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher EconJournals
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Military Expenditure and Economic Growth in South Asian Countries

    Saba Ismail

    International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Vol 7, Iss

    Empirical Evidences

    2017  Volume 3

    Abstract: This paper is an attempt to examine the relationship between military expenditure and economic growth in South Asia region. Panel fixed effect model has been estimated using panel data from five South Asian Countries. The results indicate positive effect ...

    Abstract This paper is an attempt to examine the relationship between military expenditure and economic growth in South Asia region. Panel fixed effect model has been estimated using panel data from five South Asian Countries. The results indicate positive effect of military expenditure on economic growth but significantly less compared to alternative uses of scare resources as non-military expenditure. This study raises an important issue of huge opportunity cost of military expenditure and foregone opportunity of economic growth. The paper concludes that the boosting of economic growth through higher military expenditure is neither effective nor efficient way of achieving higher growth. Keywords: Military expenditure; Economic growth; Panel Data, South Asia JEL Classifications: H5, O41, O47
    Keywords Business ; HF5001-6182 ; Economics as a science ; HB71-74
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher EconJournals
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Military Expenditure and Economic Growth in South Asian Countries

    Saba Ismail

    International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Vol 7, Iss

    Empirical Evidences

    2017  Volume 3

    Abstract: This paper is an attempt to examine the relationship between military expenditure and economic growth in South Asia region. Panel fixed effect model has been estimated using panel data from five South Asian Countries. The results indicate positive effect ...

    Abstract This paper is an attempt to examine the relationship between military expenditure and economic growth in South Asia region. Panel fixed effect model has been estimated using panel data from five South Asian Countries. The results indicate positive effect of military expenditure on economic growth but significantly less compared to alternative uses of scare resources as non-military expenditure. This study raises an important issue of huge opportunity cost of military expenditure and foregone opportunity of economic growth. The paper concludes that the boosting of economic growth through higher military expenditure is neither effective nor efficient way of achieving higher growth. Keywords: Military expenditure; Economic growth; Panel Data, South Asia JEL Classifications: H5, O41, O47
    Keywords Business ; HF5001-6182 ; Economics as a science ; HB71-74
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher EconJournals
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Military Expenditure and Economic Growth in South Asian Countries

    Saba Ismail

    International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Vol 7, Iss 3, Pp 318-

    Empirical Evidences

    2017  Volume 325

    Abstract: This paper is an attempt to examine the relationship between military expenditure and economic growth in South Asia region. Panel fixed effect model has been estimated using panel data from five South Asian Countries. The results indicate positive effect ...

    Abstract This paper is an attempt to examine the relationship between military expenditure and economic growth in South Asia region. Panel fixed effect model has been estimated using panel data from five South Asian Countries. The results indicate positive effect of military expenditure on economic growth but significantly less compared to alternative uses of scare resources as non-military expenditure. This study raises an important issue of huge opportunity cost of military expenditure and foregone opportunity of economic growth. The paper concludes that the boosting of economic growth through higher military expenditure is neither effective nor efficient way of achieving higher growth.
    Keywords military expenditure ; economic growth ; panel data ; south asia ; Business ; HF5001-6182 ; Economics as a science ; HB71-74
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher EconJournals
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Is 'WTO-Plus' a Policy Option for India-China Agriculture Trade? A CGE Analysis

    Shahid AHMED / Saba ISMAIL

    Eurasian Journal of Business and Economics, Vol 13, Iss 26, Pp 1-

    2020  Volume 22

    Abstract: This paper examines the effect of bilateral tariff reduction in the agriculture sector between India and China. The results are evaluated in terms of welfare, output, employment and the potential trade flows between India and China using the GTAPmodel. ... ...

    Abstract This paper examines the effect of bilateral tariff reduction in the agriculture sector between India and China. The results are evaluated in terms of welfare, output, employment and the potential trade flows between India and China using the GTAPmodel. The present study suggests that partial tariff reduction on imports of agricultural commodities between India and China may be welfare-enhancing for both India and China while complete tariff reduction on imports of agricultural commodities may have welfare loss for India, though there will be substantial welfare gains for China. The study reveals that welfare gains for China are larger in comparison to India. The study suggests that a well calculated and strategically negotiated tariff reduction in the agriculture sector may create a win-win situation for both partners. The study further argues that China should offer preferential market access to India for mutually beneficial and welfare-enhancing engagements for both countries. Finally, the study concludes that there exists a narrow scope for 'WTO-Plus' approach for India-China agriculture trade relations. India should assess all pros and cons as it has revenue loss and impact on economically marginalised 'Farming Community'.
    Keywords agriculture sector ; computable general equilibrium models ; economic integration ; gtap model ; Business ; HF5001-6182
    Subject code 950
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Ala-Too International University
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Design of a Multi-Epitopes Vaccine against Hantaviruses

    Saba Ismail / Sumra Wajid Abbasi / Maha Yousaf / Sajjad Ahmad / Khalid Muhammad / Yasir Waheed

    Vaccines, Vol 10, Iss 378, p

    An Immunoinformatics and Molecular Modelling Approach

    2022  Volume 378

    Abstract: Hantaviruses are negative-sense, enveloped, single-stranded RNA viruses of the family Hantaviridae. In recent years, rodent-borne hantaviruses have emerged as novel zoonotic viruses posing a substantial health issue and socioeconomic burden. In the ... ...

    Abstract Hantaviruses are negative-sense, enveloped, single-stranded RNA viruses of the family Hantaviridae. In recent years, rodent-borne hantaviruses have emerged as novel zoonotic viruses posing a substantial health issue and socioeconomic burden. In the current research, a reverse vaccinology approach was applied to design a multi-epitope-based vaccine against hantavirus. A set of 340 experimentally reported epitopes were retrieved from Virus Pathogen Database and Analysis Resource (ViPR) and subjected to different analyses such as antigenicity, allergenicity, solubility, IFN gamma, toxicity, and virulent checks. Finally, 10 epitopes which cleared all the filters used were linked with each other through specific GPGPG linkers to construct a multi-antigenic epitope vaccine. The designed vaccine was then joined to three different adjuvants—TLR4-agonist adjuvant, β-defensin, and 50S ribosomal protein L7/L12—using an EAAAK linker to boost up immune-stimulating responses and check the potency of vaccine with each adjuvant. The designed vaccine structures were modelled and subjected to error refinement and disulphide engineering to enhance their stability. To understand the vaccine binding affinity with immune cell receptors, molecular docking was performed between the designed vaccines and TLR4; the docked complex with a low level of global energy was then subjected to molecular dynamics simulations to validate the docking results and dynamic behaviour. The docking binding energy of vaccines with TLR4 is −29.63 kcal/mol (TLR4-agonist), −3.41 kcal/mol (β-defensin), and −11.03 kcal/mol (50S ribosomal protein L7/L12). The systems dynamics revealed all three systems to be highly stable with a root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) value within 3 Å. To test docking predictions and determine dominant interaction energies, binding free energies of vaccine(s)–TLR4 complexes were calculated. The net binding energy of the systems was as follows: TLR4-agonist vaccine with TLR4 (MM–GBSA, −1628.47 kcal/mol and MM–PBSA, −37.75 kcal/mol); ...
    Keywords hantaviruses ; ViPR database ; multi-epitope database ; molecular dynamics simulations ; binding free energies ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 541
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Structure-Based Virtual Screening Identifies Multiple Stable Binding Sites at the RecA Domains of SARS-CoV-2 Helicase Enzyme

    Sajjad Ahmad / Yasir Waheed / Saba Ismail / Saadia Bhatti / Sumra Wajid Abbasi / Khalid Muhammad

    Molecules, Vol 26, Iss 5, p

    2021  Volume 1446

    Abstract: With the emergence and global spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, the scientific community worldwide has focused on search for new therapeutic strategies against this disease. One such critical approach is targeting proteins such as helicases that regulate ... ...

    Abstract With the emergence and global spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, the scientific community worldwide has focused on search for new therapeutic strategies against this disease. One such critical approach is targeting proteins such as helicases that regulate most of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA metabolism. The purpose of the current study was to predict a library of phytochemicals derived from diverse plant families with high binding affinity to SARS-CoV-2 helicase (Nsp13) enzyme. High throughput virtual screening of the Medicinal Plant Database for Drug Design (MPD3) database was performed on SARS-CoV-2 helicase using AutoDock Vina. Nilotinib, with a docking value of −9.6 kcal/mol, was chosen as a reference molecule. A compound (PubChem CID: 110143421, ZINC database ID: ZINC257223845, eMolecules: 43290531) was screened as the best binder (binding energy of −10.2 kcal/mol on average) to the enzyme by using repeated docking runs in the screening process. On inspection, the compound was disclosed to show different binding sites of the triangular pockets collectively formed by Rec1A, Rec2A, and 1B domains and a stalk domain at the base. The molecule is often bound to the ATP binding site (referred to as binding site 2) of the helicase enzyme. The compound was further discovered to fulfill drug-likeness and lead-likeness criteria, have good physicochemical and pharmacokinetics properties, and to be non-toxic. Molecular dynamic simulation analysis of the control/lead compound complexes demonstrated the formation of stable complexes with good intermolecular binding affinity. Lastly, affirmation of the docking simulation studies was accomplished by estimating the binding free energy by MMPB/GBSA technique. Taken together, these findings present further in silco investigation of plant-derived lead compounds to effectively address COVID-19.
    Keywords SARS-CoV-2 helicase ; COVID-19 ; molecular dynamic simulation ; phytochemicals ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
    Subject code 540
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Computational design of experimentally validated multi-epitopes vaccine against hepatitis E virus

    Tasneem Anwar / Saba Ismail / Fahed Parvaiz / Sumra Wajid Abbasi / Fahad A. Al-Abbasi / Amira M. Alghamdi / Khalid Al-Regaiey / Asad Ul-Haq / Imdad Kaleem / Shahid Bashir / Yasir Waheed

    PLoS ONE, Vol 18, Iss

    An immunological approach

    2023  Volume 12

    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Designing a multi-epitope vaccine against Mycobacteroides abscessus by pangenome-reverse vaccinology

    Hamza Arshad Dar / Saba Ismail / Yasir Waheed / Sajjad Ahmad / Zubia Jamil / Hafsa Aziz / Helal F. Hetta / Khalid Muhammad

    Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2021  Volume 18

    Abstract: Abstract Mycobacteroides abscessus (Previously Mycobacterium abscessus) is an emerging microorganism of the newly defined genera Mycobacteroides that causes mainly skin and tissue diseases in humans. The recent availability of total 34 fully sequenced ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Mycobacteroides abscessus (Previously Mycobacterium abscessus) is an emerging microorganism of the newly defined genera Mycobacteroides that causes mainly skin and tissue diseases in humans. The recent availability of total 34 fully sequenced genomes of different strains belonging to this species has provided an opportunity to utilize this genomics data to gain novel insights and guide the development of specific antimicrobial therapies. In the present study, we collected collectively 34 complete genome sequences of M. abscessus from the NCBI GenBank database. Pangenome analysis was conducted on these genomes to understand the genetic diversity and to obtain proteins associated with its core genome. These core proteins were then subjected to various subtractive filters to identify potential antigenic targets that were subjected to multi-epitope vaccine design. Our analysis projected the open pangenome of M. abscessus containing 3443 core genes. After applying various stepwise filtration steps on the core proteins, a total of four potential antigenic targets were identified. Utilizing their constituent CD4 and CD8 T-cell epitopes, a multi-epitope based subunit vaccine was computationally designed. Sequence-based analysis as well as structural characterization revealed the immunological effectiveness of this designed vaccine. Further molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation and binding free energy estimation with Toll-like receptor 2 indicated strong structural associations of the vaccine with the immune receptor. The promising results are encouraging and need to be validated by additional wet laboratory studies for confirmation.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 570
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
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