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  1. Article ; Online: A review on the gendered impact of COVID-19 pandemic towards achieving sustainable development goals in Bangladesh

    Sadia Afrin / Mashura Shammi

    Heliyon, Vol 9, Iss 3, Pp e14680- (2023)

    Ecofeminist perspectives on the response to COVID-19 pandemic

    2023  

    Abstract: In this article, we have reviewed how the women of Bangladesh are negatively exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of quality education, employment loss, labour market contribution, domestic violence, and health and wellness, thus putting their lives ...

    Abstract In this article, we have reviewed how the women of Bangladesh are negatively exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of quality education, employment loss, labour market contribution, domestic violence, and health and wellness, thus putting their lives at more significant risk. We have employed the Drivers-Pressures-States-Impact-Response (DPSIR) framework to analyze the gendered effects of COVID-19 on some specific Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Bangladesh. We have purposively selected five SDGs, SDG 1 (no poverty), SDG 3 (good health and well-being), SDG 4 (quality education), SDG 5 (gender equality), and SDG 8 (decent work & economic growth), those have direct effects on women's livelihood and well-being. Our DPSIR framework analysis has shown that gendered vulnerabilities have been exacerbated due to the COVID-19 situation with multiple pre-existing socio-cultural norms and various state policies like patriarchal values, stay-home policies etc. As SDG 1 focuses on poverty reduction, and SDG 8 focuses on decent work and economic growth, unemployment, losing job opportunities and economic downturn due to the pandemic have slowed down national growth as well as increased poverty in the country. With excessive pressure on the health sector to deal with COVID-19, women’s essential maternal, sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services were neglected and health disparities were also observed. Thus, many women and adolescent girls could not access SRH services when needed that led to a myriad of consequences for SDG 3 achievements. The prolonged shutdown of educational institutes resulted in mass school dropouts, mental health problems, and higher risks of child labour and child marriage among girl children which has significant negative impacts on the achievement of SDG 4. Due to COVID-19-related preventive measures, such as social distancing, and lockdown, women have been involved to do more care and household job following traditional gender roles, experienced work from home, and a ‘shadow ...
    Keywords COVID-19 pandemic ; Bangladesh ; Gendered effect ; DPSIR framework ; Sustainable development goals (SDGs) ; Ecofeminist perspective ; Science (General) ; Q1-390 ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article: SARS-CoV-2 infection and diabetes: Pathophysiological mechanism of multi-system organ failure.

    Roy, Bipradas / Runa, Sadia Afrin

    World journal of virology

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 5, Page(s) 252–274

    Abstract: Since the discovery of the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak, a vast majority of studies have been carried out that confirmed the worst outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in people with preexisting health ... ...

    Abstract Since the discovery of the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak, a vast majority of studies have been carried out that confirmed the worst outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in people with preexisting health conditions, including diabetes, obesity, hypertension, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Likewise, diabetes itself is one of the leading causes of global public health concerns that impose a heavy global burden on public health as well as socio-economic development. Both diabetes and SARS-CoV-2 infection have their independent ability to induce the pathogenesis and severity of multi-system organ failure, while the co-existence of these two culprits can accelerate the rate of disease progression and magnify the severity of the disease. However, the exact pathophysiology of multi-system organ failure in diabetic patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection is still obscure. This review summarized the organ-specific possible molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 and diabetes-induced pathophysiology of several diseases of multiple organs, including the lungs, heart, kidneys, brain, eyes, gastrointestinal system, and bones, and sub-sequent manifestation of multi-system organ failure.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2829019-7
    ISSN 2220-3249
    ISSN 2220-3249
    DOI 10.5501/wjv.v11.i5.252
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Regulatory Science Perspective on the Analysis of Microplastics and Nanoplastics in Human Food.

    Duncan, Timothy V / Khan, Sadia Afrin / Patri, Anil K / Wiggins, Stacey

    Analytical chemistry

    2024  Volume 96, Issue 11, Page(s) 4343–4358

    Abstract: Microplastics are increasingly reported, not only in the environment but also in a wide range of food commodities. While studies on microplastics in food abound, the current state of science is limited in its application to regulatory risk assessment by ... ...

    Abstract Microplastics are increasingly reported, not only in the environment but also in a wide range of food commodities. While studies on microplastics in food abound, the current state of science is limited in its application to regulatory risk assessment by a continued lack of standardized definitions, reference materials, sample collection and preparation procedures, fit-for purpose analytical methods for real-world and environmentally relevant plastic mixtures, and appropriate quality controls. This is particularly the case for nanoplastics. These methodological challenges hinder robust, quantitative exposure assessments of microplastic and nanoplastic mixtures from food consumption. Furthermore, limited toxicological studies on whether microplastics and nanoplastics adversely impact human health are also impeded by methodology challenges. Food safety regulatory agencies must consider both the exposure and the risk of contaminants of emerging concern to ascertain potential harm. Foundational to this effort is access to and application of analytical methods with the capability to quantify and characterize micro- and nanoscale sized polymers in complex food matrices. However, the early stages of method development and application of early stage methods to study the distribution and potential health effects of microplastics and nanoplastics in food have largely been done without consideration of the stringent requirements of methods to inform regulatory activities. We provide regulatory science perspectives on the state of knowledge regarding the occurrence of microplastics and nanoplastics in food and present our general approach for developing, validating, and implementing analytical methods for regulatory purposes.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Microplastics ; Plastics/analysis ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis ; Food Safety
    Chemical Substances Microplastics ; Plastics ; Water Pollutants, Chemical
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1508-8
    ISSN 1520-6882 ; 0003-2700
    ISSN (online) 1520-6882
    ISSN 0003-2700
    DOI 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05408
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: COVID-19 Pandemic

    Sadia Afrin / Farhat Jahan Chowdhury / Md. Mostafizur Rahman

    Frontiers in Sustainable Cities, Vol

    Rethinking Strategies for Resilient Urban Design, Perceptions, and Planning

    2021  Volume 3

    Abstract: From the beginning of the COVID-19 crisis, the scientific community has been continuously trying to assess the virus, its socio-environmental impacts, regulatory/adaptation policies, and plans. The emergency is to develop pandemic-resilient city planning ...

    Abstract From the beginning of the COVID-19 crisis, the scientific community has been continuously trying to assess the virus, its socio-environmental impacts, regulatory/adaptation policies, and plans. The emergency is to develop pandemic-resilient city planning and management in order to tackle the infectious diseases during COVID-19. Such development includes the reframing of unsustainable urban patterns, hazards, and social inequalities to be prepared for the emerging cases. In this study, we focus on the assessment of disaster risk management (DRM), which will help to develop pandemic-resilient urban strategies (response, mitigation, and preparedness phase) through analyzing previously published literature. Short- and long-term recommendations for pandemic resilience urban planning and design have also been provided. In the response phase, implementation of the smart and resilient city design and policies has been highlighted to identify disease transmission. In the mitigation phase, new technological approaches can be adopted for better management of present and future pandemics. The physical (urban access, infrastructure, environmental factors, and land use patterns) and non-physical (socio-cultural, governance, and economic factors) aspects of resilient urban strategies have been focused, which may help to develop understanding of health- and disaster-related risks in pandemic. In the preparedness phase, proactive measures such as capacity building of people toward any outbreak and different simulation processes (models of transmission pattern) can be adopted for future pandemics. We also discuss about the enhancement of urban resiliency in housing, public spaces, and cities that may bring the effective outcome of DRM framework to combat pandemic. The study focuses on the major lessons that can be adopted for post-pandemic urban resilient planning related to disaster management and climate change adaptation, preventing extensive challenges of sustainability apart. In the following months and years, it will be ...
    Keywords pandemic resilient urban strategies ; disaster risk management ; physical and non-physical dimensions ; recommendation for future urban planning and design ; adaptation ; planning ; Science (General) ; Q1-390 ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
    Subject code 710
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Prescribed fires, smoke exposure, and hospital utilization among heart failure patients

    Henry Raab / Joshua Moyer / Sadia Afrin / Fernando Garcia-Menendez / Cavin K. Ward-Caviness

    Environmental Health, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2023  Volume 11

    Abstract: Abstract Background Prescribed fires often have ecological benefits, but their environmental health risks have been infrequently studied. We investigated associations between residing near a prescribed fire, wildfire smoke exposure, and heart failure (HF) ...

    Abstract Abstract Background Prescribed fires often have ecological benefits, but their environmental health risks have been infrequently studied. We investigated associations between residing near a prescribed fire, wildfire smoke exposure, and heart failure (HF) patients’ hospital utilization. Methods We used electronic health records from January 2014 to December 2016 in a North Carolina hospital-based cohort to determine HF diagnoses, primary residence, and hospital utilization. Using a cross-sectional study design, we associated the prescribed fire occurrences within 1, 2, and 5 km of the patients’ primary residence with the number of hospital visits and 7- and 30-day readmissions. To compare prescribed fire associations with those observed for wildfire smoke, we also associated zip code-level smoke density data designed to capture wildfire smoke emissions with hospital utilization amongst HF patients. Quasi-Poisson regression models were used for the number of hospital visits, while zero-inflated Poisson regression models were used for readmissions. All models were adjusted for age, sex, race, and neighborhood socioeconomic status and included an offset for follow-up time. The results are the percent change and the 95% confidence interval (CI). Results Associations between prescribed fire occurrences and hospital visits were generally null, with the few associations observed being with prescribed fires within 5 and 2 km of the primary residence in the negative direction but not the more restrictive 1 km radius. However, exposure to medium or heavy smoke (primarily from wildfires) at the zip code level was associated with both 7-day (8.5% increase; 95% CI = 1.5%, 16.0%) and 30-day readmissions (5.4%; 95% CI = 2.3%, 8.5%), and to a lesser degree, hospital visits (1.5%; 95% CI: 0.0%, 3.0%) matching previous studies. Conclusions Area-level smoke exposure driven by wildfires is positively associated with hospital utilization but not proximity to prescribed fires.
    Keywords Prescribed fires ; Smoke exposure ; Hospitalizations ; Heart failure ; Industrial medicine. Industrial hygiene ; RC963-969 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Data on growth performance of marine Chlorella sp. cultured in different cost-effective media

    Trina Das / Sifatun Nur / Mohammad Ekramul Haque / Mahima Ranjan Acharjee / Subeda Newase / Sadia Afrin / Helena Khatoon

    Data in Brief, Vol 52, Iss , Pp 109894- (2024)

    1481  

    Abstract: This paper presents the data on growth performance of marine Chlorella sp. cultured in different cost-effective media including cow dung, cow urine, poultry litter, compost, NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium), and UTR (Urea, TSP, and red potash). ... ...

    Abstract This paper presents the data on growth performance of marine Chlorella sp. cultured in different cost-effective media including cow dung, cow urine, poultry litter, compost, NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium), and UTR (Urea, TSP, and red potash). Growth curve of Chlorella sp. was determined at 5 mg of cow dung, poultry litter, compost, NPK, UTR and 5 µL of cow urine per 350 ml sea water (25 ppt) to identify the onset of stationary phase. Further four media among these were selected to continue the experiment at 8 mg and 11 mg of concentration. The higher cell densities were 4.21 × 106 and 4.18 × 106 cells/mL for NPK at 8 mg and 11 mg of concentration on 6th and 5th day, respectively. Cow dung with an 11 mg of concentration exhibited 2.67 × 106 cells/mL on the 3rd day, which is around 1.5 times greater than the highest growth in the same concentration of poultry litter. Chlorella sp. had a higher cell density in NPK media than in other media, however it was discarded since it is inorganic and costly. Due to the low cell density in cow urine media and the prolonged stationary phase in poultry litter media, the focus of the subsequent study was then placed on cow dung media. The data will contribute to the selection of locally available and cost-effective culture media by determining the stationary phases for specific microalgal species which will replace the costly and labor-intensive commercial media.
    Keywords Growth curve ; Chlorella sp ; Cost-effective media ; Cow dung ; Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7 ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
    Subject code 070
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Removal efficiencies of microplastics of the three largest drinking water treatment plants in Bangladesh.

    Islam, Muhammad Saiful / Islam, Zahidul / Jamal, A H M Shofiul Islam Molla / Momtaz, Nasima / Beauty, Sadia Afrin

    The Science of the total environment

    2023  Volume 895, Page(s) 165155

    Abstract: Drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) are intended to provide safe water to the municipality, typically by treating surface waters from rivers, lakes, and streams. Regrettably, all of these water sources for DWTPs have been reported to be contaminated ... ...

    Abstract Drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) are intended to provide safe water to the municipality, typically by treating surface waters from rivers, lakes, and streams. Regrettably, all of these water sources for DWTPs have been reported to be contaminated by microplastics (MPs). Hence, there is an urgent need to investigate the removal efficiencies of MPs from raw waters in the conventional DWTPs anticipating public health concerns. In this experiment, MPs in the raw and treated waters of the three major DWTPs of Bangladesh, having different water treatment processes, were evaluated. The concentrations of MPs in the inlet points of Saidabad Water Treatment Plant phase-1 and 2 (SWTP-1 and SWTP-2), which share a similar water source of the Shitalakshya River, were 25.7 ± 9.8 and 26.01 ± 9.8 items L
    MeSH term(s) Microplastics ; Plastics ; Drinking Water ; Bangladesh ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Water Purification
    Chemical Substances Microplastics ; Plastics ; Drinking Water ; Water Pollutants, Chemical
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-26
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 121506-1
    ISSN 1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
    ISSN (online) 1879-1026
    ISSN 0048-9697
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165155
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Microplastics contamination in the soil from Urban Landfill site, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Sadia Afrin / Md. Khabir Uddin / Md. Mostafizur Rahman

    Heliyon, Vol 6, Iss 11, Pp e05572- (2020)

    2020  

    Abstract: Microplastics (MP) pollution has become a matter of global concern because of its several deleterious effects on environmental health, especially on the terrestrial environment. The evidence of MP contamination in terrestrial environment is less explored ...

    Abstract Microplastics (MP) pollution has become a matter of global concern because of its several deleterious effects on environmental health, especially on the terrestrial environment. The evidence of MP contamination in terrestrial environment is less explored compared to aquatic bodies. However, in Bangladesh despite having high possibility of MP contamination, there is lacking of available research-based evidence. Urban areas soil is subjected to act as a major environmental reservoir for MPs. Thus, this study was carried out to investigate the presence of MP contamination in constructed landfill sites near Dhaka city, Bangladesh. Ten unmixed soil samples were collected from the Aminbazar Sanitary landfill sites, from that thirty replicated samples were investigated via Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis and Stereomicroscope. The range of physicochemical parameters were found in the soil samples as follows: moisture content; 15.84%–56.54%; soil pH; 5.76–6.02, electric conductivity; 0.1 μs/cm - 2.43 μs/cm, alkalinity; 6.7 ± 1.528–14.33 ± 0.577, TOC; 0.18% ± 0.02–1.09 ± 0.03. Among the ten samples, 3 samples were identified to have the presence of MP in the form of Low density polyethylene (LDPE), High density polyethylene (HDPE), and Cellulose acetate (CA) respectively. The detection limit ranged from 1 – 2000 μm. Hence, the results show that the procurement and discharge of MPs in the landfills is an overlong process. The results of this study provide an initial evidence and affirm that landfill can be a potential source of MPs. This study indicates that MPs are comparatively overlong outcome of human induced activities which can significantly cause changes in terrestrial ecosystems.
    Keywords Microplastic contamination ; Soil ; Microplastic identification ; FT-IR ; Stereomicroscope ; Materials science ; Science (General) ; Q1-390 ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
    Subject code 550
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Age-related cardiovascular response to tilt test in healthy volunteers of both sexes

    Sadia Afrin Rimi / Sultana Ferdousi / Shamima Sultana

    Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal, Vol 13, Iss

    2020  Volume 1

    Abstract: This study aimed to assess the age-related changes in the cardiovascular response to tilt test in 90 healthy individuals of both sexes (age range: 18-60 years). Tilting was done at 600 for 10 min using a motorized tilt table. The blood pressure was ... ...

    Abstract This study aimed to assess the age-related changes in the cardiovascular response to tilt test in 90 healthy individuals of both sexes (age range: 18-60 years). Tilting was done at 600 for 10 min using a motorized tilt table. The blood pressure was recorded by a sphygmomanometer. The heart rate and peripheral capillary oxygen saturation were measured by a pulse oximeter. In males, significantly lesser changes in the systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure were observed in the old age (47-60 years) than the young (18-32 years) and middle age (33-46 years) groups. Significantly lesser responses in the heart rate and systolic blood pressure change were observed in the old age females compared to young age after tilting. The rise of diastolic blood pressure after tilting was lesser in the old age female compared to both young and middle-age females. In conclusion, the aging process is associated with attenuated cardiovascular response to tilt test in both males and females.
    Keywords Age ; Blood pressure ; Cardiovascular ; Oxygen saturation ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 590
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Participatory approaches in primary health care related implementation research in low-and middle-income countries

    K.M. Saif-Ur-Rahman / Saima Sultana / Sadia Afrin / Khaleda Islam

    Public Health in Practice, Vol 4, Iss , Pp 100344- (2022)

    A narrative review

    2022  

    Abstract: Objectives: Primary Health Care (PHC) oriented health systems are crucial to accelerate the achievement of Universal Health Coverage. Previous studies have suggested the importance of participatory approaches to improve PHC. This review aimed to identify ...

    Abstract Objectives: Primary Health Care (PHC) oriented health systems are crucial to accelerate the achievement of Universal Health Coverage. Previous studies have suggested the importance of participatory approaches to improve PHC. This review aimed to identify the available published implementation research in PHC considering participatory approaches in Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). Study design: A narrative review was conducted following the standard guidelines. Methods: Three electronic databases were searched where keywords were combined using Boolean operators. Studies were included considering the pre-specified inclusion and exclusion criteria through two-phase screening. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institution's critical appraisal tools. Data were presented using a narrative synthesis approach. Results: A total of 13 articles were included that focused on community-based approaches in PHC service, maternal and newborn care, family planning, tuberculosis, and mental health. Three studies focused on mental health and demonstrated the efficacy of community support groups, peer volunteers, and community-based mental education in promoting mental health services. Two studies described community participation to ensure patient safety and risk reduction. Other studies explored the effectiveness of community-based, directly observed treatment for tuberculosis; community health worker-based maternal and child health care; and a community-based package for family planning. Eleven studies were conducted in Africa and the rest were in South Asia. Conclusion: This review reveals the gap in implementation research incorporating participatory approaches in the field of PHC. Limited studies have been conducted which indicate the need and scope of implementation research with participatory approaches in the PHC field. Prospero registration: CRD42020150749.
    Keywords PHC ; Implementation research ; LMICs ; Participatory ; Community-based ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 306
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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