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Article: Mediators of Periodontitis complementing the development of Neural Disorders.

Sadiqa, Ayesha / Khan, Munsara Khalid

2023 Volume 40, Issue 1Part-I, Page(s) 214–221

Abstract: As a common oral health concern, periodontitis has been a source of attention for the global health community because of its linkage with systemic and neurological diseases. The purpose of the present study is to reveal the mediating role of specific ... ...

Abstract	As a common oral health concern, periodontitis has been a source of attention for the global health community because of its linkage with systemic and neurological diseases. The purpose of the present study is to reveal the mediating role of specific cytokines, neuropeptides, and pathogens in the association of chronic periodontitis and neural disorders. To find the related literature different search engines namely PMC, Science Direct, PubMed, Research Gate, and Google Scholar were explored for a study period of five months from October 2022 to February 2023. This review offers a summary of those neuronal diseases that were more related to human behaviors in association with chronic periodontitis. Those neuronal pathologies mainly included Alzheimer's disease, psychosis, stress, anxiety, dementia, Alzheimer's, major depressive disorder, and diabetic peripheral neuropathy, which may otherwise remain subside or even control in the absence of chronic periodontitis and its mediators. Specifically, periodontitis related specific cytokines i.e. IL-6, IL-1, Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), and alpha1-antichymotrypsin, neuropeptides such as insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2), neuropeptide Y, substance P, neurokinin A, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), and a polybacterial pathogenic consortium of porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythia, and treponema denticola, were involved in the mediation and exacerbation of the associated neuronal cognitive pathologies.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-09
Publishing country	Pakistan
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2032827-8
ISSN	1681-715X ; 1682-024X ; 1017-4699
ISSN (online)	1681-715X
ISSN	1682-024X ; 1017-4699
DOI	10.12669/pjms.40.1.8097
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Article ; Online: Physiological association of the breakpoint with the duration of hyperventilation.

Sadiqa, Ayesha / Khalid, Ambreen / Islam, Abdullah

Saudi medical journal

2023 Volume 44, Issue 10, Page(s) 995–999

Abstract: Objectives: To determine the relationship of body mass index (BMI) with breath-holding time (BHT) as well as that of BHT with the duration of hyperventilation (DOH) in young healthy adults.: Methods: An observational study was performed at Shalamar ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: To determine the relationship of body mass index (BMI) with breath-holding time (BHT) as well as that of BHT with the duration of hyperventilation (DOH) in young healthy adults. Methods: An observational study was performed at Shalamar Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan, between May 2021 and June 2022. Healthy first-year Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery students aged 18-22 years, with a normal BMI were included. Spirometric measurements were taken through a spirometer pod connected to a pneumotachometer (model: Power Lab 26T). Body mass index was calculated as the weight (kg) to height (m Results: A total of 101 subjects participated, comprising of 44 men and 57 women. A weak negative association was found between BMI and BHT in all subjects (r= -0.08, Conclusion: No association was found between BMI and BHT. A strong positive association was observed between BHT and DOH in all healthy young people.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Male ; Humans ; Female ; Adolescent ; Hyperventilation ; Pakistan ; Body Mass Index
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-30
Publishing country	Saudi Arabia
Document type	Observational Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	392302-2
ISSN	1658-3175 ; 0379-5284
ISSN (online)	1658-3175
ISSN	0379-5284
DOI	10.15537/smj.2023.44.10.20230358
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Article: Effect of PENN-DIABEX, a novel polyherbal formulation, in high fat diet streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Hassan, Mudassir / Rasul, Azhar / Ajmal Shah, Muhammad / Jabeen, Farhat / Sadiqa, Ayesha

Saudi journal of biological sciences

2023 Volume 30, Issue 11, Page(s) 103816

Abstract: Diabetes, a chronic metabolic disorder affecting millions worldwide, presents a significant health challenge characterized by impaired glucose regulation and potential complications. This study examines the antidiabetic effects of a polyherbal ... ...

Abstract	Diabetes, a chronic metabolic disorder affecting millions worldwide, presents a significant health challenge characterized by impaired glucose regulation and potential complications. This study examines the antidiabetic effects of a polyherbal formulation (PENN-DIABEX) prepared from five different medicinal plant extracts. The objective is to ascertain its efficacy in managing streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes in rats. To accomplish this, six distinct groups of rats were involved five with induced diabetes and one serving as a normal control. Among the diabetic groups, one received no treatment, functioning as the diabetic control group. The remaining three groups were administered PHF in three different doses while the 6th group was given metformin. On the last day of the experiment, all rats were sacrificed, and blood samples were taken in collecting tubes to analyze blood biochemical parameters. Additionally, tissue samples from the liver, kidney, and pancreas were preserved in formalin solution for subsequent histopathological activity. The results of the study revealed that treatment with PHF in diabetic rats led to a significant (P < 0.01) improvement in fasting blood glucose levels (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and various biochemical markers including LFTs, RFTs, and lipid profiling. Furthermore, the histology of the liver, kidney, and pancreas indicated that the formulation did not induce any metabolic toxicity. Comparative analysis of the antidiabetic effects of PHF with those of metformin, revealed that the PHF showed better results than the standard drug. This suggests its potential utilization as a safer and alternative approach in the treatment of diabetes.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-21
Publishing country	Saudi Arabia
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2515206-3
ISSN	2213-7106 ; 1319-562X
ISSN (online)	2213-7106
ISSN	1319-562X
DOI	10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103816
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Article: The Effect of Vitamin D3 Intervention on the Association Among Vitamin D3, Adiponectin, and Body Mass Index in Pregnant Women With Gestational Diabetes.

Nadeem, Amna / Saeed, Muniza / Sadiqa, Ayesha / Moin, Hira / Khan, Qudsia U

Cureus

2023 Volume 15, Issue 8, Page(s) e43506

Abstract: Introduction: Vitamin D3 (VD3) deficiency is a strong predictor of gestational diabetes. Therefore, VD3 supplementation during the antenatal period could prevent the development of gestational diabetes via its effects on insulin secretion, insulin ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Vitamin D3 (VD3) deficiency is a strong predictor of gestational diabetes. Therefore, VD3 supplementation during the antenatal period could prevent the development of gestational diabetes via its effects on insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, body mass index (BMI), and adiponectin production. Objectives: To observe the effect of VD3 supplementation on adiponectin and BMI and to explore the effect of VD3 supplementation on the association among VD3, adiponectin, and BMI in pregnant women with gestational diabetes. Methods: A randomized control trial was performed after receiving consent at Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore. Subjects at 20-26 weeks of gestation with gestational diabetes and with a deficiency/insufficiency of VD3 were included. The study excluded those who were smokers, had multiple pregnancies, or had other gestational complications. Subjects were categorized into interventional (VD3 supplementation) and control groups. The institutional ethical committee approved the study. Serum samples were used for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay estimation of VD3 and adiponectin levels. Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0, Armonk, NY) software was used to analyze data. Student t-tests were applied to compare quantitative variables, and Chi-square tests were utilized to compare qualitative variables. Pearson's correlation and linear regressions were performed to explore the association. At a 95% confidence interval, a p-value of ≤0.05 was taken as significant. Results: With an increase in serum VD3 levels, a decrease in serum adiponectin level was observed in pregnant women with gestational diabetes (interventional group: r = -0.088, p = 0.74); however, after the intervention of VD3 supplementation in the same subjects, an increase in serum adiponectin level was noted with an increase in VD3 (interventional group: r = 0.273, p = 0.28). A significant direct relationship was found between BMI and adiponectin in the same study population (interventional group: r = 0.7, p = 0.001). Interestingly, after the intervention, BMI tends to be less likely to increase adiponectin levels (interventional group: r = 0.09, p = 0.73). Moreover, an inverse association was exhibited between BMI and VD3 levels in all the study groups before intervention (control group: r = -0.07, p = 0.78; interventional group: r = -0.035, p = 0.89) and after intervention (interventional group: r = -0.12, p = 0.65), except in the control group after the intervention span, where BMI mildly raises the VD3 levels (r = -0.12, p = 0.65). Conclusion: BMI increases with an increase in serum adiponectin levels in gestational diabetic women, but after VD3 supplementation, BMI was less likely to influence adiponectin. Also, with an increase in BMI, a decrease in the VD3 in all study groups was observed except in the control group after VD3 supplementation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.43506
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Article: Revealing the Connection Between Hemodialysis and Sexual Physiology in Women With End-Stage Renal Disease.

Abdul Rahman, Nargis / Ghani, Mansoor / Kausar, Samina / Sadiqa, Ayesha / Khalid, Asma

Cureus

2023 Volume 15, Issue 2, Page(s) e35184

Abstract: Introduction: In the recent past, the procedure of hemodialysis has frequently been opted for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) around the globe. In such patients, the concern of sexual dysfunction is highly prevalent, which causes ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: In the recent past, the procedure of hemodialysis has frequently been opted for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) around the globe. In such patients, the concern of sexual dysfunction is highly prevalent, which causes psychological as well as social deterioration in these patients. Wretchedly, this issue has been ignored in developing countries like Pakistan because of social and cultural constraints. Objectives: The aim was to measure and compare Female Sexual Functions of Dialysis (FSFI) scores among three comparative groups: healthy controls, pre-dialysis patients, and hemodialysis patients. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was carried out with 60 females aged 22-50 years in which 20 were healthy (controls) and 40 were patients with ESRD; of these 40, 20 were taking only oral medicines (pre-dialysis) and 20 were also receiving hemodialysis (hemodialysis). Married women who could read Urdu and were living with live spouses were included, and those with any psychological or psychiatric illness were excluded. Data was collected through a Likert-scaled questionnaire, Urdu translation of the FSFI questionnaire, and scores of each domain were analyzed. Single-tail one-way ANOVA was used to observe the significant difference among the three comparative groups. Results: A strong statistical difference was observed among the hemodialysis, pre-dialysis, and healthy control groups when these three study groups were compared for the mean scores of all related domains of FSFI questtionarie. In each female sexual domain, i.e. Desire, Arousal, Lubrication, Orgasm, Satisfaction, and Pain, the diseased groups (pre-dialysis and hemodialysis) showed lower sexual scores than the healthy group. The lowest scores were observed in the pre-dialysis group (16.4 ± 6.8) and the highest were noticed in the healthy group (29.9 ± 1.8); the hemodialysis group (23.3 ± 5.0) expressed a moderate pattern of scores in each sexual domain. Conclusion: ESRD female patients who were receiving hemodialysis along with routine oral medications showed improved sexual physiology (with better FSFI scores) compared to those who were without hemodialysis.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.35184
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Article ; Online: Identification of Novel Natural Inhibitors to Human 3-Phosphoglycerate Dehydrogenase (PHGDH) for Cancer Treatment.

Sadiqa, Ayesha / Rasul, Azhar / Hassan, Mudassir / Sultana, Salma / Jabeen, Farhat

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 27, Issue 18

Abstract: Targeting the serine biosynthesis pathway enzymes has turned up as a novel strategy for anti-cancer therapeutics. 3- Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) is the rate-limiting enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 3-Phosphoglyceric acid (3-PG) into 3- ... ...

Abstract	Targeting the serine biosynthesis pathway enzymes has turned up as a novel strategy for anti-cancer therapeutics. 3- Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) is the rate-limiting enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 3-Phosphoglyceric acid (3-PG) into 3-Phosphohydroxy pyruvate (3-PPyr) in the first step of serine synthesis pathway and perform a critical role in cancer progression. PHGDH has been reported to be overexpressed in different types of cancers and emerged as a novel target for cancer therapeutics. During this study, virtual screening tools were used for the identification of inhibitors of PHGDH. A library of phenolic compounds was docked against two binding sites of PHGDH using Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD) software. Out of 169 virtually tested compounds, Salvianolic acid C and Schizotenuin F possess good binding potential to co-factor binding site of PHGDH while Salvianolic acid I and Chicoric acid were identified as the best binding compounds toward the substrate binding site of PHGDH. The top selected compounds were evaluated for different physiochemical and ADMET properties, the obtained results showed that none of these hit compounds violated the Pfizer Rule and they possess acceptable ADMET profiles. Further, a commercially available hit compound, Chicoric acid, was evaluated for its anti-cancer potential against PHGDH-expressing gastric cancer cell lines (MGC-803 and SGC-7901) as well as cell lines with low expression of PHGDH (MCF-7 and MDA-MB2-31), which demonstrated that Chicoric acid possesses selective cytotoxicity toward PHGDH expressing cancer cell lines. Thus, this study has unveiled the potential of phenolic compounds, which could serve as novel candidates for the development of PHGDH inhibitors as anti-cancer agents.
MeSH term(s)	Caffeic Acids ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Phosphoglycerate Dehydrogenase ; Pyruvates ; Serine ; Succinates
Chemical Substances	Caffeic Acids ; Pyruvates ; Succinates ; Serine (452VLY9402) ; Phosphoglycerate Dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.95) ; chicoric acid (S4YY3V8YHD)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1413402-0
ISSN	1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
ISSN (online)	1420-3049
ISSN	1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
DOI	10.3390/molecules27186108
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Article ; Online: Nanocellulose/wood ash-reinforced starch-chitosan hydrogel composites for soil conditioning and their impact on pea plant growth.

Iqbal, Dure Najaf / Tariq, Zaryab / Philips, Boiz / Sadiqa, Ayesha / Ahmad, Muhammad / Al-Ahmary, Khairia Mohammed / Ali, Ijaz / Ahmed, Mahmood

RSC advances

2024 Volume 14, Issue 13, Page(s) 8652–8664

Abstract: Hydrogels are 3-dimensional polymer networks capable of absorbing a large amount of water. Natural polymeric hydrogels are biodegradable, non-toxic and biocompatible. They can effectively retain nutrients for the plant and can be used as soil ... ...

Abstract	Hydrogels are 3-dimensional polymer networks capable of absorbing a large amount of water. Natural polymeric hydrogels are biodegradable, non-toxic and biocompatible. They can effectively retain nutrients for the plant and can be used as soil conditioners. This study uses a chemical cross-linking technique to synthesize starch and chitosan-based hydrogel using citric acid as a cross-linker. Additionally, hydrogel composites were developed by incorporating wood ash, nano-cellulose, and NPK (nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium) fertilizer as fillers to enhance their properties. The formulated hydrogel/hydrogel composite samples were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, SEM analysis, X-ray diffraction and thermo-gravimetric analysis. The experiment results showed the chemical cross-linking among the polymeric chain and the semi-crystalline nature of the hydrogel/hydrogel composite samples. The swelling capacity of the hydrogel/hydrogel composite samples was 200-420% (in distilled water) and 104-220% (in saline medium) and demonstrated biodegradability within 110 days. The NPK reinforced hydrogel composite showed an excellent effect on the growth of pea plants (leaves count = 37, stem height = 20.2 cm), and could be effectively used as soil conditioners for agricultural applications. Considering the ability of hydrogel composites to reduce irrigation needs, enhance nutrient retention, and improve crop production, these novel hydrogel composites present an economically viable solution for sustainable agricultural practices.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2046-2069
ISSN (online)	2046-2069
DOI	10.1039/d3ra08725e
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Article ; Online: Synthesis and Antimicrobial Analysis of High Surface Area Strontium-Substituted Calcium Phosphate Nanostructures for Bone Regeneration.

Anwar, Aneela / Kanwal, Qudsia / Sadiqa, Ayesha / Razaq, Tabassam / Khan, Iqra Haider / Javaid, Arshad / Khan, Safia / Tag-Eldin, ElSayed / Ouladsmane, Mohamed

International journal of molecular sciences

2023 Volume 24, Issue 19

Abstract: Continuous microwave-assisted flow synthesis has been used as a simple, more efficient, and low-cost route to fabricate a range of nanosized (<100 nm) strontium-substituted calcium phosphates. In this study, fine nanopowder was synthesized via a ... ...

Abstract	Continuous microwave-assisted flow synthesis has been used as a simple, more efficient, and low-cost route to fabricate a range of nanosized (<100 nm) strontium-substituted calcium phosphates. In this study, fine nanopowder was synthesized via a continuous flow synthesis with microwave assistance from the solutions of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (with strontium nitrate as Sr
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Calcium/chemistry ; Calcium Phosphates/pharmacology ; Calcium Phosphates/chemistry ; Bone Regeneration ; Calcium, Dietary ; Strontium/pharmacology ; Strontium/chemistry ; Nanostructures ; Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology ; X-Ray Diffraction
Chemical Substances	Calcium (SY7Q814VUP) ; calcium phosphate (97Z1WI3NDX) ; Calcium Phosphates ; strontium phosphate (B7CF3BD0TT) ; Calcium, Dietary ; Strontium (YZS2RPE8LE) ; Anti-Infective Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-25
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms241914527
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Article ; Online: Artificial Intelligence - Perception of Clinical Laboratories' Technical Staff a Nationwide Multicentre Survey in Pakistan.

Ahmed, Sibtain / Kapadia, Aqueel / Ahmed Siddiqui, Imran / Shaukat, Asma / Khan, Mohammad Dilawar / Alam Khan, Muhammad Qaiser / Iqbal, Sahar / Abbas, Ghazanfar / Zubairi, Adnan Mustafa / Nawaz Naqvi, Syed Haider / Sadiqa, Ayesha / Jafri, Lena / Siddiqui, Imran

EJIFCC

2024 Volume 35, Issue 1, Page(s) 23–30

Abstract: Introduction: As Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology continues to assimilate into various industries, there is a huge scope in the healthcare industry specifically in clinical laboratories. The perspective of the laboratory professionals can give ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: As Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology continues to assimilate into various industries, there is a huge scope in the healthcare industry specifically in clinical laboratories. The perspective of the laboratory professionals can give valuable insight on the ideal path to take for AI implementation. Methods: The study utilized a cross-sectional survey design and was conducted at the section of Chemical Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, the Aga Khan University (AKU), Karachi, Pakistan in collaboration with Consultant Pathologists of 9 clinical laboratories associated with teaching hospitals across Pakistan from October-November 2023. The survey was for a duration of 2 weeks and was circulated to all working laboratory technical staff after informed consent. Results: A total of 351 responses were received, of which 342 (male=146, female=196) responses were recorded after exclusion. Respondents ranged from technologists, faculty, residents, and coordinators, and were from different sections (chemical pathology, microbiology, haematology, histopathology, POCT). Out of the total 312 (91.2%) of respondents stated that they were at least somewhat familiar with AI technology. Experts in AI were only 2.0% (n=7) of all respondents, but 90% (n=6) of these were < 30 years old. 76.3% (n=261) of the respondents felt the need to implement more AI technology in the laboratories, with time saving (26.1%) and improving performances of tests (17.7%) cited to be the greatest benefits of AI. Security concerns (n=144) and a fear of decreasing personal touch (n=143) were the main concerns of the respondents while the younger employees had an increased fear of losing their jobs. 76.3% were in favour of an increase in AI usage in the laboratories. Conclusion: This study highlights a favourable perspective among laboratory professionals, acknowledging the potential of AI to enhance both the efficiency and quality of laboratory practices. However, it underscores the importance of addressing their concerns in the thoughtful implementation of this emerging technology.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-11
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1650-3414
ISSN (online)	1650-3414
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Article ; Online: Shift in SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern from Delta to Omicron was associated with reduced hospitalizations, increased risk of breakthrough infections but lesser disease severity.

Mwendwa, Fridah / Kanji, Akbar / Bukhari, Ali Raza / Khan, Unab / Sadiqa, Ayesha / Mushtaq, Zain / Nasir, Nosheen / Mahmood, Syed Faisal / Aamir, Uzma Bashir / Hasan, Zahra

Journal of infection and public health

2024 Volume 17, Issue 6, Page(s) 1100–1107

Abstract: Background: COVID-19 epidemiology changed with the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC). Pakistan administered mostly inactivated vaccines. We investigated the association between VOC and breakthrough infections in a mixed-vaccination- ... ...

Abstract	Background: COVID-19 epidemiology changed with the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC). Pakistan administered mostly inactivated vaccines. We investigated the association between VOC and breakthrough infections in a mixed-vaccination-status population of Karachi. Methods: We investigated SARS-CoV-2 VOC tested in 392 respiratory specimens collected between May and December 2021. Data for age, sex, hospital admission, vaccinations, together with CT values of the diagnostic PCR test were analyzed. Results: The median age of COVID-19 cases tested was 40 (27-57) years and 43.4% were female. Delta variants were most common (56.4%) followed by Alpha (15.9%), Omicron (12.2%), Beta/Gamma (11.3%), and others (4.3%). Eighteen percent of cases were hospitalized whereby, predominant VOC were Beta/Gamma (40.8%), Alpha (35.2%) and Delta (22.5%). Overall, 55.4% of individuals were fully vaccinated, 7.4% were partially vaccinated and 37.2% were unvaccinated. Most (74.6%) inpatients were unvaccinated. Vaccines comprised inactivated (85.34%), single-shot vector (8.62%), two-shot vector (3.02%) and mRNA (3.02%) types. Omicron variants showed lower viral loads as compared to Alpha, Beta/Gamma, and Delta (p = 0.017). The risk of infection with Delta and Omicron variants was higher, 8 weeks after vaccination. The majority of those with breakthrough infections after receiving inactivated vaccines acquired COVID-19 within 4 months of vaccination. Conclusion: Our data highlights the shifting of VOC from Delta to Omicron during 2021 and that COVID-19 vaccinations reduced both hospitalizations and viral transmission. It informs on the increased risk of breakthrough infection within 8 weeks of vaccination, indicating the need for booster vaccinations.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-05-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2467587-8
ISSN	1876-035X ; 1876-0341
ISSN (online)	1876-035X
ISSN	1876-0341
DOI	10.1016/j.jiph.2024.04.025
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