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  1. Article: Tooth Cementum Thickness as a Method of Age Estimation in the Forensic Context.

    Gualdi-Russo, Emanuela / Saguto, Ilaria / Frisoni, Paolo / Neri, Margherita / Rinaldo, Natascia

    Biology

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 5

    Abstract: Estimating age at death is a key element in the process of human identification of skeletal remains. The interest in dental cementum stems from its increase in thickness throughout life and, at the same time, from the fact it should not be affected by ... ...

    Abstract Estimating age at death is a key element in the process of human identification of skeletal remains. The interest in dental cementum stems from its increase in thickness throughout life and, at the same time, from the fact it should not be affected by remodeling processes. Since the age assessment is particularly difficult in adults when using traditional anthropological methods on the skeleton, we tested a dental method based on maximum cementum thickness and developed new regression equations. We microscopically analyzed the histological sections of dental roots from a sample of 108 permanent teeth with known age and sex. Age at the time of dental extraction was in the range of 18-84 years. Our findings show that there were no differences in thickness between sexes, dental arch, and mono- and pluriradicular teeth. Separate regression equations were developed for individuals in the whole age range and individuals under 45 years. The equations were then tested on a hold-out sample from the same Mediterranean population demonstrating higher reliability for the equation developed for those under 45. Conversely, due to the increased error in age estimation in individuals over 45, this method should be used with caution in the forensic context when skeletal remains presumably belong to elderly individuals.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-21
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2661517-4
    ISSN 2079-7737
    ISSN 2079-7737
    DOI 10.3390/biology11050784
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Age estimation using tooth cementum annulations: bias and sources of inaccuracy.

    Gualdi-Russo, Emanuela / Saguto, Ilaria / Frisoni, Paolo / Neri, Margherita / Mongillo, Jessica / Rinaldo, Natascia

    Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition)

    2022  Volume 27, Issue 5, Page(s) 141

    Abstract: Background: Counting the tooth cementum annulations (TCA) is a method for estimating the age at death of adults by sections of their tooth root. The objective of this study was to assess the precision of counting the cementum incremental lines and the ... ...

    Abstract Background: Counting the tooth cementum annulations (TCA) is a method for estimating the age at death of adults by sections of their tooth root. The objective of this study was to assess the precision of counting the cementum incremental lines and the congruence between known age and age estimates. Possible factors affecting the accuracy of the estimate were also analyzed.
    Methods: A sample of 67 permanent teeth extracted from individuals with known age (18-84 years) and sex was analyzed to calculate the dental age.
    Results: Results demonstrate an excellent inter- and intra-observer reliability of annuli counting, with dissimilarities within the limits of agreement. A moderate positive correlation was found between chronological age and TCA. Our results showed that age congruence rates differed across age groups (85% congruence in individuals ≤30 years; 75% in individuals aged 31-60 years; 60% in the over 60s). Considering the bias, this method showed a clear tendency to underestimate age in specimens from old people. After age 43, the TCA estimate is highly inaccurate exceeding the underestimation of 10 years, on average, in comparison to the chronological age. Both chronological age and dental arch seem to influence the accuracy of estimates, unlike sex and the tooth root number.
    Conclusions: TCA analysis is characterized by high precision and low accuracy, decreasing with age. Therefore, its applicability is limited in elderly subjects. The choice of methods for age estimation in adult skeletal remains should take into account the particular age range of individuals. We recommend using different age estimation methods to verify the reliability of the performed assessments.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Age Determination by Teeth/methods ; Aged ; Dental Cementum ; Humans ; Reproducibility of Results
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-30
    Publishing country Singapore
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2704569-9
    ISSN 2768-6698 ; 2768-6698
    ISSN (online) 2768-6698
    ISSN 2768-6698
    DOI 10.31083/j.fbl2705141
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Life and Death in Italian Prehistory: The Case of the Sailor from Spina.

    Gualdi-Russo, Emanuela / Manzon, Vanessa S / Saguto, Ilaria / Rinaldo, Natascia

    World neurosurgery

    2020  Volume 139, Page(s) 106–110

    Abstract: Background: There are few reported cases in the literature of spinal injuries from the past, and all of them resulted in the death of the individual or led to severe health consequences. From the historical record, it is well known there were no cures ... ...

    Abstract Background: There are few reported cases in the literature of spinal injuries from the past, and all of them resulted in the death of the individual or led to severe health consequences. From the historical record, it is well known there were no cures or treatments for spinal lesions in the past. Given the paucity of historical documents focused on this topic, anthropological research on spinal injuries can contribute with important information regarding the medical history of this kind of trauma. Moreover, skeletal trauma and occupational markers may be crucial for the reconstruction of habitual behaviors and the identification of causes and timing of death. We report results of an anthropological study of a case of vertebral injury discovered in an individual from the Italian Iron Age that highlights this important topic. The aim of this study was to assess the habitual activity pattern and manner of death of an ancient inhabitant of Spina in Padanian Etruria (northeastern Italy).
    Methods: We performed a detailed anthropological and paleopathological analysis of skeletal remains.
    Results: The unknown individual was identified as a middle-aged man characterized by a particular trauma to the spine. Lesion analysis revealed a perimortem injury at the L2-L3 level. Characteristic markers on the bones indicated intense physical activity carried out during his life.
    Conclusions: This Etruscan, in all likelihood a sailor according to the occupational markers, did not survive a stabbing attack with a bladed weapon.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Male ; History, Ancient ; Italy ; Lumbar Vertebrae/injuries ; Lumbar Vertebrae/pathology ; Occupational Diseases/pathology ; Osteoarthritis, Hip/pathology ; Paleopathology ; Spinal Injuries/history ; Spinal Injuries/pathology ; Stress, Physiological ; Wounds, Stab/history ; Wounds, Stab/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Review ; Video-Audio Media
    ZDB-ID 2534351-8
    ISSN 1878-8769 ; 1878-8750
    ISSN (online) 1878-8769
    ISSN 1878-8750
    DOI 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.03.153
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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