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  1. Article ; Online: Paediatric forearm fractures manipulated in the emergency department: incidence and risk factors for re-manipulation under general anaesthesia.

    Seefried, Shaye / Chin-Goh, Kim / Sahakian, Vahe / Lightfoot, Nicholas / Boyle, Matthew

    The New Zealand medical journal

    2022  Volume 135, Issue 1560, Page(s) 60–66

    Abstract: Aim: Re-manipulation of paediatric forearm fractures under general anaesthetic may be required following inadequate closed reduction under conscious sedation. Manipulation under general anaesthetic carries significant inherent risks and is preferably ... ...

    Abstract Aim: Re-manipulation of paediatric forearm fractures under general anaesthetic may be required following inadequate closed reduction under conscious sedation. Manipulation under general anaesthetic carries significant inherent risks and is preferably avoided. We assessed one institution's experience with paediatric forearm fracture reduction and investigate the incidence of re-manipulation under general anaesthetic of fractures initially managed under conscious sedation without fluoroscopy.
    Method: All paediatric forearm fractures presenting to the children's emergency department of our national children's hospital between 1 January 2019 and 30 June 2019 were studied. Radius and ulna fractures were categorised according to fracture location (distal third, middle third, proximal third), any associated injury, and any plan to proceed to the operating room that was documented prior to manipulation in the emergency department. Univariate and multivariate statistical analysis was carried out to test for differences between discrete and continuous data and odds ratios were calculated.
    Results: Three-hundred and nine patients presented during the study period with 267 being eligible for analysis. Fifteen point seven percent (42/267) required fracture manipulation in the operating theatre following initial reduction in the children's emergency department. Independent risk factors associated with significantly higher rates of failed reduction under conscious sedation (p<0.001-0004) were patients who had a delay in presentation to hospital, were older, or had a non-distal fracture site.
    Conclusion: There are higher rates of re-manipulation under general anaesthetic in children presenting to the emergency department of our national children's hospital with forearm fractures than seen in comparative international studies. Risk factors which predict an inadequate initial reduction and interventions to improve this are discussed.
    MeSH term(s) Anesthesia, General ; Anesthetics, General ; Child ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Forearm ; Forearm Injuries/epidemiology ; Forearm Injuries/surgery ; Humans ; Incidence ; New Zealand ; Radius Fractures/epidemiology ; Radius Fractures/surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors
    Chemical Substances Anesthetics, General
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-19
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 390590-1
    ISSN 1175-8716 ; 0028-8446 ; 0110-7704
    ISSN (online) 1175-8716
    ISSN 0028-8446 ; 0110-7704
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Outcome After Tibial Plateau Fracture: How Important Is Restoration of Articular Congruity?

    Singleton, Neal / Sahakian, Vahe / Muir, Dawson

    Journal of orthopaedic trauma

    2017  Volume 31, Issue 3, Page(s) 158–163

    Abstract: Objectives: Does restoration of articular congruity have any effect on long-term outcome following tibial plateau fracture?: Design: Cohort study.: Setting: A secondary hospital in New Zealand, which services a population of 150,000.: Patients: ...

    Abstract Objectives: Does restoration of articular congruity have any effect on long-term outcome following tibial plateau fracture?
    Design: Cohort study.
    Setting: A secondary hospital in New Zealand, which services a population of 150,000.
    Patients: All patients with a depressed tibial plateau fracture seen over a 6 year period were invited to participate in the study. There were 41 patients (average age 54 years) recruited from an eligible population of 97. Average follow-up was 3.9 years after injury.
    Intervention: Patients had either been treated operatively or nonoperatively after depressed tibial plateau fracture.
    Main outcome measurements: The primary outcome analyzed was residual articular depression (as measured on coronal plane tomogram) and its effect on clinical outcome [Oxford Knee Score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score, Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Iowa knee score, and a visual analogue satisfaction score] and functional outcome (knee range of motion) at a minimum of 12 months after fracture. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on the amount of articular depression: <2.5, 2.5-5.0, and ≥5.0 mm. The secondary outcome analyzed was mechanical axis (as measured on weightbearing long leg alignment radiographs) and its effect on clinical and functional outcomes.
    Results: Statistical analysis found that patients with <2.5 mm of articular depression had significantly smaller losses in knee range of motion (P = 0.000), better Oxford (P = 0.006), Iowa (P = 0.003), and KOOS symptom (P = 0.011) and pain (P = 0.001) scores. We found that there was no significant relationship between restoration of mechanical axis and loss in range of motion (P = 0.126), Oxford (P = 0.584), WOMAC (P = 0.101), IOWA (P = 0.418), Visual Analogue Score (VAS) (P = 0.466) or any subgroup within the KOOS survey other than activities of daily living (P = 0.029).
    Conclusions: This study found that patients with smaller amounts of residual articular depression at a minimum of 12 months after tibial plateau fracture had significantly smaller losses in knee range of motion and better functional outcomes than those with greater amounts of articular depression.
    Level of evidence: Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Causality ; Comorbidity ; Female ; Humans ; Joint Instability/diagnostic imaging ; Joint Instability/epidemiology ; Joint Instability/prevention & control ; Knee Injuries/diagnostic imaging ; Knee Injuries/epidemiology ; Knee Injuries/surgery ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Middle Aged ; New Zealand/epidemiology ; Postoperative Complications/diagnostic imaging ; Postoperative Complications/epidemiology ; Postoperative Complications/prevention & control ; Prevalence ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Tibial Fractures/diagnostic imaging ; Tibial Fractures/epidemiology ; Tibial Fractures/surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 639099-7
    ISSN 1531-2291 ; 0890-5339
    ISSN (online) 1531-2291
    ISSN 0890-5339
    DOI 10.1097/BOT.0000000000000762
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Rupture of a rudimentary horn pregnancy with a combined intrauterine pregnancy. A case report.

    Sahakian, V

    The Journal of reproductive medicine

    1992  Volume 37, Issue 3, Page(s) 283–284

    Abstract: In the first reported case of a rudimentary horn pregnancy coexistent with an intrauterine pregnancy, the patient presented at 19 weeks' gestation with acute abdominal distress. A ruptured left rudimentary horn pregnancy was found at laparotomy. The ... ...

    Abstract In the first reported case of a rudimentary horn pregnancy coexistent with an intrauterine pregnancy, the patient presented at 19 weeks' gestation with acute abdominal distress. A ruptured left rudimentary horn pregnancy was found at laparotomy. The rupture was repaired. Preterm labor ensued 24 hours later, with resultant delivery of the second twin from the right cornu despite aggressive tocolysis.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Obstetric Labor, Premature/complications ; Obstetric Labor, Premature/therapy ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications/diagnosis ; Pregnancy Complications/surgery ; Pregnancy, Multiple ; Tocolysis ; Uterine Rupture/complications ; Uterine Rupture/diagnosis ; Uterine Rupture/surgery ; Uterus/abnormalities
    Language English
    Publishing date 1992-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 390916-5
    ISSN 1943-3565 ; 0024-7758
    ISSN (online) 1943-3565
    ISSN 0024-7758
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Ground Motion Residuals, Path Effects, and Crustal Properties: A Pilot Study in Southern California

    Sahakian, V. J. / Baltay, A. / Hanks, T. C. / Buehler, J. / Vernon, F. L. / Kilb, D. / Abrahamson, N. A.

    Journal of geophysical research. 2019 June, v. 124, no. 6

    2019  

    Abstract: To improve models of ground motion estimation and probabilistic seismic hazard analyses, the engineering seismology field is moving toward developing fully nonergodic ground motion models, models specific for individual source‐to‐site paths. Previous ... ...

    Abstract To improve models of ground motion estimation and probabilistic seismic hazard analyses, the engineering seismology field is moving toward developing fully nonergodic ground motion models, models specific for individual source‐to‐site paths. Previous work on this topic has examined systematic variations in ground‐motion along particular paths (from either recorded or simulated earthquake data) and has not included physical properties of the path. We present here a framework to include physical path properties, by seeking correlations between ground motion amplitudes along specific paths and crustal properties, specifically seismic velocity and anelastic attenuation, along that path. Using a large data set of small‐magnitude earthquakes recorded in Southern California, we find a correlation between the gradient of seismic S wave velocity and the path term residual, after accounting for an average geometric spreading and anelastic attenuation, indicating that heterogeneity in crustal velocity primarily controls the path‐specific attenuation. Even in aseismic regions, details of path‐specific ground motion prediction equations can be developed from crustal structure and property data.
    Keywords data collection ; earthquakes ; geophysics ; prediction ; research ; California
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-06
    Size p. 5738-5753.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ISSN 2169-9313
    DOI 10.1029/2018JB016796
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article: Seismic constraints on the architecture of the Newport‐Inglewood/Rose Canyon fault: Implications for the length and magnitude of future earthquake ruptures

    Sahakian, Valerie / Bormann, Jayne / Driscoll, Neal / Harding, Alistair / Kent, Graham / Wesnousky, Steve

    Journal of geophysical research. 2017 Mar., v. 122, no. 3

    2017  

    Abstract: The Newport‐Inglewood/Rose Canyon (NIRC) fault zone is an active strike‐slip fault system within the Pacific‐North American plate boundary in Southern California, located in close proximity to populated regions of San Diego, Orange, and Los Angeles ... ...

    Abstract The Newport‐Inglewood/Rose Canyon (NIRC) fault zone is an active strike‐slip fault system within the Pacific‐North American plate boundary in Southern California, located in close proximity to populated regions of San Diego, Orange, and Los Angeles counties. Prior to this study, the NIRC fault zone's continuity and geometry were not well constrained. Nested marine seismic reflection data with different vertical resolutions are employed to characterize the offshore fault architecture. Four main fault strands are identified offshore, separated by three main stepovers along strike, all of which are 2 km or less in width. Empirical studies of historical ruptures worldwide show that earthquakes have ruptured through stepovers with this offset. Models of Coulomb stress change along the fault zone are presented to examine the potential extent of future earthquake ruptures on the fault zone, which appear to be dependent on the location of rupture initiation and fault geometry at the stepovers. These modeling results show that the southernmost stepover between the La Jolla and Torrey Pines fault strands may act as an inhibitor to throughgoing rupture due to the stepover width and change in fault geometry across the stepover; however, these results still suggest that rupture along the entire fault zone is possible.
    Keywords earthquakes ; geometry ; California
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2017-03
    Size p. 2085-2105.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ISSN 2169-9313
    DOI 10.1002/2016JB013467
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article ; Online: Influences on length of stay in an enhanced recovery programme after colonic surgery.

    Kahokehr, A A / Sammour, T / Sahakian, V / Zargar-Shoshtari, K / Hill, A G

    Colorectal disease : the official journal of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland

    2011  Volume 13, Issue 5, Page(s) 594–599

    Abstract: Aim: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programmes have been shown to accelerate and enhance functional recovery after colonic surgery. We analysed prospectively collected data to investigate potentially modifiable factors that may influence the ... ...

    Abstract Aim: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programmes have been shown to accelerate and enhance functional recovery after colonic surgery. We analysed prospectively collected data to investigate potentially modifiable factors that may influence the length of stay (LOS) in the ERAS setting at a single institution.
    Method: Between October 2005 and November 2008, prospective data were collected on consecutive patients who underwent elective colonic surgery without a stoma. Patients with rectal cancer, those unable to participate in preoperative ERAS components because of their inability to communicate effectively in English, those with cognitive impairment and those with an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade of ≥ 4 were excluded. Statistical analyses were performed using the Mann-Whitney U-test and Cox regression modelling.
    Results: A total of 100 (79 malignancies) patients underwent elective colon resection during the study period. There were 57 right-sided, 41 left-sided and two total colectomies. The median age of the patients was 67.5 (range 31-92) years and the median day stay was 4 (range 3-46) days. Factors with significant correlations for reduced LOS were female gender, the surgeon, operative severity, high-dependency unit (HDU) admission and incision type favouring laparoscopic and transverse approaches. Age, operation site, indication for surgery and body mass index were not significant predictors of hospital stay. Gender, operative severity, HDU admission and surgeon did not have any independent correlation with LOS; in contrast to the ASA score and the type of incision, which did.
    Conclusion: Lower ASA score, transverse incision laparotomy and laparoscopy correlated independently with reduced postoperative LOS within the ERAS setting.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Clinical Competence ; Colectomy/methods ; Colectomy/nursing ; Colonic Diseases/surgery ; Convalescence ; Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Laparotomy/methods ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Perioperative Nursing ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Severity of Illness Index ; Sex Factors ; Statistics, Nonparametric
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1440017-0
    ISSN 1463-1318 ; 1462-8910
    ISSN (online) 1463-1318
    ISSN 1462-8910
    DOI 10.1111/j.1463-1318.2010.02228.x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Transvaginal sonographic detection of endometrial polyps with fluid contrast augmentation.

    Syrop, C H / Sahakian, V

    Obstetrics and gynecology

    1992  Volume 79, Issue 6, Page(s) 1041–1043

    Abstract: Injection of the endometrial cavity with isotonic solutions during transvaginal sonography was used to confirm the presence and location of endometrial polyps. Fourteen infertility patients, 13 of them asymptomatic, had polyps detected in this manner. ... ...

    Abstract Injection of the endometrial cavity with isotonic solutions during transvaginal sonography was used to confirm the presence and location of endometrial polyps. Fourteen infertility patients, 13 of them asymptomatic, had polyps detected in this manner. Confirmation and treatment took place via hysteroscopy. Potential indications for this readily available and inexpensive technique vary from infertility to menometrorrhagia.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Endometrium/diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Infertility, Female/etiology ; Polyps/complications ; Polyps/diagnostic imaging ; Ultrasonography ; Uterine Diseases/diagnostic imaging
    Language English
    Publishing date 1992-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 207330-4
    ISSN 1873-233X ; 0029-7844
    ISSN (online) 1873-233X
    ISSN 0029-7844
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Surrogate obesity negatively impacts pregnancy rates in third-party reproduction.

    DeUgarte, Daniel A / DeUgarte, Catherine M / Sahakian, Vicken

    Fertility and sterility

    2010  Volume 93, Issue 3, Page(s) 1008–1010

    Abstract: In a retrospective cohort review of third-party reproduction, we observed that surrogate body mass index (BMI) negatively impacts implantation rates in oocyte-donor in vitro fertilization cycles. A BMI > or =35 kg/m(2) cutoff is associated with a ... ...

    Abstract In a retrospective cohort review of third-party reproduction, we observed that surrogate body mass index (BMI) negatively impacts implantation rates in oocyte-donor in vitro fertilization cycles. A BMI > or =35 kg/m(2) cutoff is associated with a statistically significant decrease in pregnancy rates but not miscarriage rates.
    MeSH term(s) Abortion, Spontaneous/epidemiology ; Body Mass Index ; Female ; Humans ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Oocyte Donation ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome/epidemiology ; Pregnancy Rate ; Surrogate Mothers/statistics & numerical data
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80133-1
    ISSN 1556-5653 ; 0015-0282
    ISSN (online) 1556-5653
    ISSN 0015-0282
    DOI 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.07.1005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Selective localization of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in eutopic endometrium and endometriotic implants.

    Sahakian, V / Anners, J / Haskill, S / Halme, J

    Fertility and sterility

    1993  Volume 60, Issue 2, Page(s) 276–279

    Abstract: Objectives: To determine whether interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) expression was concordant in eutopic endometrium and endometriotic implants.: Design: Paired samples of endometrium and endometriotic implants from eight patients with ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: To determine whether interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) expression was concordant in eutopic endometrium and endometriotic implants.
    Design: Paired samples of endometrium and endometriotic implants from eight patients with endometriosis were used.
    Main outcome measures: Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist was demonstrated immunohistochemically on frozen sections of eutopic and ectopic endometria. A sandwich technique with polyclonal rabbit anti-IL-1ra antibody and an avidin-biotin reagent (Vector Laboratories, Inc. Burlingame, CA) was used.
    Results: Seven of eight (88%) eutopic endometrial sections revealed staining of glandular epithelium with complete absence of any staining of the stromal compartment. In the counterpart sections of endometriosis, the glandular as well as the stromal compartments were negative for IL-1ra in all patients.
    Conclusion: These data suggest a differential production of the IL-1ra in eutopic endometrium and endometriotic implants. The potential clinical implications of this finding are discussed.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Biopsy ; Endometriosis/metabolism ; Endometriosis/pathology ; Endometrium/metabolism ; Endometrium/pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry/methods ; Receptors, Interleukin-1/antagonists & inhibitors ; Staining and Labeling ; Tissue Distribution
    Chemical Substances Receptors, Interleukin-1
    Language English
    Publishing date 1993-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80133-1
    ISSN 1556-5653 ; 0015-0282
    ISSN (online) 1556-5653
    ISSN 0015-0282
    DOI 10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56097-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Endometrial carcinoma: transvaginal ultrasonography prediction of depth of myometrial invasion.

    Sahakian, V / Syrop, C / Turner, D

    Gynecologic oncology

    1991  Volume 43, Issue 3, Page(s) 217–219

    Abstract: Myometrial invasion greater than 33% negatively affects the prognosis of endometrial carcinoma. Since the endometrium is readily differentiated from myometrium via high-resolution transvaginal sonography (TVS), this prospective study was undertaken to ... ...

    Abstract Myometrial invasion greater than 33% negatively affects the prognosis of endometrial carcinoma. Since the endometrium is readily differentiated from myometrium via high-resolution transvaginal sonography (TVS), this prospective study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of TVS in determining the depth of myometrial invasion in women with endometrial adenocarcinoma. Eighteen subjects underwent TVS utilizing 5.0- and 7.5-MHz probes by a single examiner blinded to stage and grade of adenocarcinoma. Predicted TVS ratios were categorized as less than 33% or greater than or equal to 33% and compared to actual histologic invasion. Ultrasound predicted that TVS ratios greater than or equal to 33% are significantly associated with deep (greater than 33%) histologic invasion (P less than 0.01, Fisher's test). When histologic invasion was greater than or equal to 33%, TVS was 100% accurate with no false negatives. The two cases in which TVS ratios erroneously indicated invasion greater than or equal to 33% contained adenomyosis and leiomyomas. TVS is a highly accurate and convenient method for preoperatively evaluating myometrial invasion. Potentially this evaluation could influence the selection of therapy for poor-surgical-risk candidates or direct appropriate referral of patients with deeper invasion to a gynecologic oncologist.
    MeSH term(s) Adenocarcinoma/diagnostic imaging ; Endometrial Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Myometrium/diagnostic imaging ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Ultrasonography/methods ; Uterine Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
    Language English
    Publishing date 1991-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 801461-9
    ISSN 1095-6859 ; 0090-8258
    ISSN (online) 1095-6859
    ISSN 0090-8258
    DOI 10.1016/0090-8258(91)90023-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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