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  1. Article ; Online: Polycythemia Secondary to Pheochromocytoma

    Raheel Raza / Saima Ambreen / Hassan Mumtaz / Shahzaib Ahmad / Hadin Darain Khan

    Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College, Vol 25, Iss

    2021  Volume 4

    Abstract: Polycythemia, also known as polyglobulia, is a clinical condition characterized by an increased number of red blood cells (RBC) or haematocrit concentrations in the peripheral blood. It can either be primary (polycythemia vera) or secondary, which can be ...

    Abstract Polycythemia, also known as polyglobulia, is a clinical condition characterized by an increased number of red blood cells (RBC) or haematocrit concentrations in the peripheral blood. It can either be primary (polycythemia vera) or secondary, which can be congenital or acquired; the most common causes include obstructive sleep apnoea, obesity, hypoventilation, Pickwickian syndrome, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lastly, pheochromocytoma. Here we present a case of a 54-year-old male with a four-day history of altered state of consciousness (ASOC), right-sided body weakness, and respiratory difficulty. After a thorough history, examination, and investigation, he was diagnosed as a case of polycythemia secondary to pheochromocytoma. Early diagnosis and intervention are critical to save the patient’s life.
    Keywords polycythemia ; pheochromocytoma ; tumor management ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Rawalpindi Medical University
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: CREATININE CLEARANCE AS EFFECTIVE NON-INVASIVE MARKER IN DETERMINING GASTROINTESTINAL LESIONS AND HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION

    Zubia Jamil / Saima Ambreen / Omar Ahsan

    Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal, Vol 68, Iss 5, Pp 1161-

    2018  Volume 1167

    Abstract: Objective: The objective of this study focuses to unfold the importance of creatinine clearance in determining the gastrointestinal mani-festations and Helicobacter Pylori infection. Study Design: Cross-sectional comparative study. Place and Duration of ... ...

    Abstract Objective: The objective of this study focuses to unfold the importance of creatinine clearance in determining the gastrointestinal mani-festations and Helicobacter Pylori infection. Study Design: Cross-sectional comparative study. Place and Duration of Study: Medicine department of Fauji Foundation Hospital Rawalpindi, from Jun 2015 to Dec 2016. Material and Methods: Creatinine clearance of 73 CKD patients was calculated. UGI endoscopy was performed to detect gastro-intestinal lesions. H.pylori was detected by histopathology of gastric mucosal biopsy. The diagnostic accuracy of CCl in determining the presence of gastrointestinal (GI) lesions was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC). Cut-off value, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, positive and negative likelihood ratios were obtained by Youden index. Results: Mean CCl was 27.09 ± 12.16 ml/min. Diabetes mellitus was the top most cause of CKD (45.2%). Upper GI endoscopic lesions were present in 68.5% patients (p-value<0.05). The most common abnormality was erythematous gastritis. H. pylori infection was lower in disease group compared to controls, but statistically insignificant (p>0.05). The AUC for CCl in determining the gastrointestinal lesions was 0.8 (p-value≤0.0001), cutoff value was <35ml/min (Sensitivity 81.82%, Specificity 72.4%). The AUC for CCl in determining the presence of H. Pylori infection was 0.7 (p-value=0.0004), cutoff value was <27 ml/min (Sensitivity 83.33%, Specificity 58.18%). Conclusion: CCl was found, noninvasive marker in predicting the GI abnormalities. It can be used to identify the high risk patients. Such patients then can undergo endoscopy for further management. H.pylori eradication therapy should be offered to those patients in whom its presence is proven by other tests as well.
    Keywords chronic kidney disease ; creatinine ; endoscopy ; gastritis ; helicobacter pylori ; Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Army Medical College Rawalpindi
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LIFE ORIENTATION (OPTIMISM/PESSIMISM) AND MENTAL HEALTH

    Taseer Fatima / Saima Ambreen / Mussarat Jabeen Khan / Waseem Fayyaz

    Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal, Vol 69, Iss 5, Pp 992-

    2019  Volume 997

    Abstract: Objective: To study the relationship between Life Orientation (optimism/pessimism) and Mental Health. Study Design: Cross-sectional study design. Place and Duration of Study: The clinical sample was taken from Armed Forces Institute of Mental Health, ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To study the relationship between Life Orientation (optimism/pessimism) and Mental Health. Study Design: Cross-sectional study design. Place and Duration of Study: The clinical sample was taken from Armed Forces Institute of Mental Health, Rawalpindi and Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi. The sample of non-clinical individuals was selected from the areas of Rawalpindi and Islamabad, from Jan 2016 to Sep 2016. Methodology: The researcher used translated versions of the two instruments, Life Orientation Test (LOT), and Mental Health Inventory (MHI). Sample comprised of 90 adults (n=45 for both men and women) ranging from 18-50 years of age. Sample was further divided into clinical (n=45) and normal population (n=45). The clinical population comprised of patients with the diagnosis of mood (n=22) and anxiety disorders (n=23). Results: The results revealed that life orientation and mental health were significantly correlated to each` other (r=0.78). For confirming the relationship of life orientation with mental health further covariance of age, gender and education was controlled through Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Results revealed that life orientation explained 97% of the variance in mental health initially but after partialling out the covariance of demographic variables, life orientation still significantly accounted for 55% of variance in mental health scores. Conclusion: The manner through which one orients his or her life optimistically or pessimistically can have deterministic effects on one’s mental health.
    Keywords life orientation ; mental health ; optimism ; Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 300
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Army Medical College Rawalpindi
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Comorbidity of COVID-19 related Fatalities in Tertiary Care Hospitals of Rawalpindi, Pakistan

    Rizwana Shahid / Muhammad Umar / Raja Bilal Zafar / Shazia Zeb / Saima Ambreen / Muhammad Omar Akram

    Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College, Vol 24, Iss Supp-

    2020  Volume 1

    Abstract: Objectives: To assess the COVID-19 associated fatalities with respect to demographics, comorbidity, critical illness, and length of hospital stay in tertiary care hospitals. Subjects & Methods: A retrospective hospital data-based research was done among ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: To assess the COVID-19 associated fatalities with respect to demographics, comorbidity, critical illness, and length of hospital stay in tertiary care hospitals. Subjects & Methods: A retrospective hospital data-based research was done among 216 COVID-19 associated mortalities registered in 4 tertiary care hospitals Holy Family Hospital (HFH), Benazir Bhutto Hospital (BBH), District Head Quarters Hospital (DHQ) and Rawalpindi Institute of Urology & Transplantation (RIU & T) affiliated with Rawalpindi Medical University from 29th March-15th June 2020. The data was gathered by consecutive sampling pertinent to demographics, hospital stay, comorbidity, critical illness, and ventilator or oxygen support. The length of hospital stay among fatalities with and without comorbidity was compared by an independent sample z-test. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 25.0. Results: Of the total 216 COVID-19 related mortalities, 150(69.4%) were males and 66(30.6%) were females. The mean age of fatalities was 55.66 ± 13.97 years. About 76.7% of dying males were 41-70 years old while 56.1% of females dying of COVID-19 were 41-60 years old. Most (60.8%) of study subjects had hypertension followed by diabetes (53.8%), Ischemic Heart Disease (17.5%), and respiratory disorders (12.3%). About 75% of the critically ill patients needed a ventilator for respiratory support. Length of hospital stay was determined to have a statistically insignificant association (P > 0.10) with the presence or absence of comorbidity among COVID-19 patients. Critical illness had a highly significant association (P < 0.000) with ventilator support among COVID-19 related mortalities. Conclusion: People 41-70 years should preferably adopt stringent precautions for protection against COVID-19. Comorbid states chiefly hypertension, diabetes, cardiac and respiratory diseases need special consideration amid COVID-19 pandemic to abstain from adverse health outcomes.
    Keywords COVID-19 ; tertiary care hospitals ; ventilator ; diabetes ; hypertension ; comorbidity ; Ischemic Heart Disease ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Rawalpindi Medical University
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Correlation of Serum Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) Levels with the size of Hepatocellular carcinoma on Triphasic CT scan

    Javeria Khan / Maria Khaliq / Tayyub Saeed / Muhammad Imran / Nasir Majeed / Rabia Khan / Muhammad Umar / Bushra Khaar / Tanveer Hussain / Sadia Ahmed / Misbah Noureen / Saima Ambreen

    Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College, Vol 1, Iss

    A study in patients with the heterotrophic viral infection

    2022  Volume 1

    Abstract: Objective: To determine the association between serum Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) levels with different variables including Hepatocellular tumor size. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Center of Liver and Digestive ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To determine the association between serum Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) levels with different variables including Hepatocellular tumor size. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Center of Liver and Digestive Diseases, Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi. Three hundred and thirty-four liver cirrhosis patients complicated with HCC were participants. Different variables such as diabetes, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, smoking, jaundice, fever, lethargy, weight loss, anorexia, pain right hypochondrium, abdominal distention, ascites, encephalopathy, biochemical tests (Bilirubin levels, serum albumin levels, prothrombin time(PT) (<4 /4-6 / >6 sec prolonged), child Turcotte class ( A, Band C), PST(performance status), Barcelona Clinic liver cancer staging system (0/A/B/C/D) and tumor size in 3 Groups (Group I size <3 cm, Group II size 3-5cm, and Group size III >5cm size) were compared with serum Alpha Feto Proteins (AFP) levels( Group I AFP level >20 and <200ng/mL, Group II AFP level 200-400 ng/mL, while Group III AFP level was >400ng/mL). Data were analyzed through SPSS Statistics version 23.0 (IBM, Armonk, NY), Spearman’s rank is used for P-value. Results: The AFP (Group-I/II/III )association with diabetes (P 0.121), HTN (P 0.811), IHD (P 0.546), HBsAg positive patients (all P 0.186), HCV positive patients (all P 0.131), pain right hypochondrium (P 0.599), fever (P 0.065), lethargy (P 0.388) and Encephalopathy (all P 0.075) were identified as non-significant association while biochemical levels such as Bilirubin (P 0.000), Albumin (P 0.000), Prothrombin Time (P 0.038) creatinine ( all P 0.001) , Child Turcotte Class A, B and C (P 0.000),smoking (P 0.023), weight Loss (P 0.002), Anorexia (P 0.007), Jaundice (P 0.012), Ascites (P value 0.000), ECOG (P 0.000), Barcelona Clinic for liver cancer (BCLC) staging system (P 0.000), lesion I (P 0.000) and lesions II (P 0.006) on CECT had significant association. Conclusion: We hereby, conclude that there is a ...
    Keywords Serum Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) Levels ; hepatocellular carcinoma ; heterotrophic viral infection ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Rawalpindi Medical University
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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