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  1. Article: Idea paper: Extended benefits of pollinator‐mediated microbial dispersal among flowers

    Takeda, Kazuya / Sakai, Shoko

    Ecological research. 2022 July, v. 37, no. 4

    2022  

    Abstract: Since the production of large and conspicuous flowers can be costly, self‐pollinated or asexually reproducing plants are expected to lose characters for pollinator attraction. However, some plants still produce conspicuous flowers despite not relying on ... ...

    Abstract Since the production of large and conspicuous flowers can be costly, self‐pollinated or asexually reproducing plants are expected to lose characters for pollinator attraction. However, some plants still produce conspicuous flowers despite not relying on pollinators for fertilization, suggesting overlooked benefits of receiving flower visitors. Here, we present visitor‐mediated microbial dispersal as a potential benefit of receiving flower visitors. Recent studies revealed that diverse microbes inhabit plant surfaces or plant tissues and that these microbes substantially benefit host plants. Animal flower visitors disperse these microbes. Since some microbes can migrate to seeds, the enhanced dispersal via visitors can modulate microbial communities of the next generations. Microbial dispersal via flower visitors may improve plant fitness via increased opportunities to receive microbes mutualistic for seeds and higher variances in seed microbial communities that function as “bet‐hedging.” We can test this hypothesis by comparing microbial communities and the performance of seeds from experimentally visitor‐excluded flowers and naturally animal‐visited control flowers. Further experiments with sterilization or microbe inoculation may confirm the contribution of specific taxa or microbial community structures to the observed effects on seed performances.
    Keywords animals ; flowers ; microbial communities ; paper ; pollinators ; research ; self-pollination
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-07
    Size p. 481-484.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 233459-8
    ISSN 1440-1703 ; 0912-3814
    ISSN (online) 1440-1703
    ISSN 0912-3814
    DOI 10.1111/1440-1703.12326
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article ; Online: Variations in the reproductive cycle of Bornean montane tree species along elevational gradients on ultrabasic and non‐ultrabasic soils

    Tsujii, Yuki / Sakai, Shōko / Ushio, Masayuki / Aiba, Shin‐ichiro / Kitayama, Kanehiro

    Biotropica. 2023 Jan., v. 55, no. 1 p.210-220

    2023  

    Abstract: Although lowland tree species in the ever‐wet regions of Southeast Asia are characterized by the supra‐annual cycle of reproduction, the reproductive phenology of montane tree species remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the ... ...

    Abstract Although lowland tree species in the ever‐wet regions of Southeast Asia are characterized by the supra‐annual cycle of reproduction, the reproductive phenology of montane tree species remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the reproductive phenology of montane tree species using litter samples that were collected every 2 weeks from six rainforest sites, consisting of three elevations (1700, 2700, and 3100 m), on Mount Kinabalu, Borneo. At each elevation, one site was on infertile ultrabasic soil and one was on relatively fertile non‐ultrabasic soil. We used a composite sample from 10 or 20 litter traps per site and sorted it by species. Therefore, the obtained data captured reproductive phenology in the population of each species rather than in an individual tree. Ten‐year time series of flower and fruit litterfall were obtained for 30 and 39 tree species, respectively. Fourier analysis was used to identify the dominant cycle of each time series. The most abundant cycle across species was supra‐annual, followed by sub‐annual, and annual cycles. Many species at higher elevations showed supra‐annual cycles of flower litterfall, whereas species in the 1700 m sites often showed annual or sub‐annual cycles regardless of soil types. No systematic differences were found among sites for fruit litterfall. Mechanisms underlying these elevational patterns in reproductive cycle remain unclear but may include more severe El Niño droughts, lower primary productivity, lower soil fertility, and the absence of some sub‐annually or annually reproducing families at higher elevations.
    Keywords Borneo ; El Nino ; flowers ; fruits ; phenology ; plant litter ; primary productivity ; rain forests ; reproduction ; soil fertility ; time series analysis ; trees
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-01
    Size p. 210-220.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 2052061-X
    ISSN 1744-7429 ; 0006-3606
    ISSN (online) 1744-7429
    ISSN 0006-3606
    DOI 10.1111/btp.13177
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article ; Online: No evidence of carbon storage usage for seed production in 18 dipterocarp masting species in a tropical rain forest.

    Igarashi, Shuichi / Yoshida, Shohei / Kenzo, Tanaka / Sakai, Shoko / Nagamasu, Hidetoshi / Hyodo, Fujio / Tayasu, Ichiro / Mohamad, Mohizah / Ichie, Tomoaki

    Oecologia

    2024  Volume 204, Issue 3, Page(s) 717–726

    Abstract: Most canopy species in lowland tropical rain forests in Southeast Asia, represented by Dipterocarpaceae, undergo mast reproduction synchronously at community level during a general flowering event. Such events occur at irregular intervals of 2-10 years. ... ...

    Abstract Most canopy species in lowland tropical rain forests in Southeast Asia, represented by Dipterocarpaceae, undergo mast reproduction synchronously at community level during a general flowering event. Such events occur at irregular intervals of 2-10 years. Some species do not necessarily participate in every synchronous mast reproduction, however. This may be due to a lack of carbohydrate resources in the trees for masting. We tested the hypothesis that interspecific differences in the time required to store assimilates in trees for seed production are due to the frequency of masting and/or seed size in each species. We examined the relationship between reproductive frequency and the carbon accumulation period necessary for seed production, and between the seed size and the period, using radiocarbon analysis in 18 dipterocarp canopy species. The mean carbon accumulation period was 0.84 years before seed maturation in all species studied. The carbon accumulation period did not have any significant correlation with reproductive frequency or seed size, both of which varied widely across the species studied. Our results show that for seed production, dipterocarp masting species do not use carbon assimilates stored for a period between the masting years, but instead use recent photosynthates produced primarily in a masting year, regardless of the masting interval or seed size of each species. These findings suggest that storage of carbohydrate resources is not a limiting factor in the masting of dipterocarps, and that accumulation and allocation of other resources is important as a precondition for participation in general flowering.
    MeSH term(s) Rainforest ; Carbon ; Seeds ; Trees ; Reproduction ; Carbohydrates
    Chemical Substances Carbon (7440-44-0) ; Carbohydrates
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-14
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 123369-5
    ISSN 1432-1939 ; 0029-8549
    ISSN (online) 1432-1939
    ISSN 0029-8549
    DOI 10.1007/s00442-024-05527-w
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Tropical phenology: Recent advances and perspectives

    Sakai, Shoko / Kitajima, Kaoru

    Ecological research. 2019 Jan., v. 34, no. 1

    2019  

    Abstract: Tropical phenology is characterized by its high diversity. Lacking a cool season that restricts growth, phenological cycles vary from species that reproduce multiple times per year to those that reproduce only once in several years even within a ... ...

    Abstract Tropical phenology is characterized by its high diversity. Lacking a cool season that restricts growth, phenological cycles vary from species that reproduce multiple times per year to those that reproduce only once in several years even within a community. As such, environmental cues of phenological events are more diverse among species and communities of tropical organisms compared with those in higher latitudes. Community‐wide phenological patterns differ among regions that differ in climate patterns and biogeographical backgrounds. These patterns are increasingly revealed as long‐term phenology data accumulate especially for tree species at long‐term monitoring sites. Advances in analytical methods applied to sufficiently long‐term data sets generate novel insights. Long‐term data are also critically important for understanding how climate changes affect phenological patterns and consequently species interactions and biological diversity. Particularly important is to understand how changes in drought regimes, both in terms of frequency and intensity, may affect plant phenology, and consequently have cascading impacts on tropical forest communities. To effectively link phenology studies and management of tropical forests and their ecosystem services in future studies, we should not only continue observation at existing sites, but also expand monitoring sites across regions, including ecosystems modified by human activities.
    Keywords biodiversity ; climate ; cold season ; drought ; ecosystems ; geographical distribution ; humans ; phenology ; research ; trees ; tropical forests
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-01
    Size p. 50-54.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 233459-8
    ISSN 1440-1703 ; 0912-3814
    ISSN (online) 1440-1703
    ISSN 0912-3814
    DOI 10.1111/1440-1703.1131
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article ; Online: Evolutionary stability of plant-pollinator networks: efficient communities and a pollination dilemma.

    Metelmann, Soeren / Sakai, Shoko / Kondoh, Michio / Telschow, Arndt

    Ecology letters

    2020  Volume 23, Issue 12, Page(s) 1747–1755

    Abstract: Mutualistic interactions between species are ubiquitous in nature and essential for ecosystem functioning. Often dozens or even hundreds of species with different degrees of specialisation form complex networks. How this complexity evolves is a ... ...

    Abstract Mutualistic interactions between species are ubiquitous in nature and essential for ecosystem functioning. Often dozens or even hundreds of species with different degrees of specialisation form complex networks. How this complexity evolves is a fundamental question in ecology. Here, we present a new game theoretical approach to model complex coevolutionary processes and apply it to pollination networks. A theoretical analysis reveals multiple evolutionary stable network structures that depend on the availability of pollination service. In particular, we find efficient communities, in which a high percentage of pollen are transported conspecifically, to evolve only when plant and pollinator abundances are well balanced. Both pollinator shortage and oversupply select for more inefficient network structures. The results suggest that availability of pollination services is a key factor structuring pollination networks and may offer a new explanation for geographical differences in pollination communities that have long been recognised by ecologists.
    MeSH term(s) Biological Evolution ; Ecosystem ; Plants ; Pollen ; Pollination
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 1441608-6
    ISSN 1461-0248 ; 1461-023X
    ISSN (online) 1461-0248
    ISSN 1461-023X
    DOI 10.1111/ele.13588
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Elevated luminal inorganic phosphate suppresses intestinal Zn absorption in 5/6 nephrectomized rats.

    Okumura, Yosuke / Abe, Kotaro / Sakai, Shoko / Kamei, Yuki / Mori, Yuki / Adachi, Yuichiro / Takikawa, Masaki / Kitamura, Ayano / Ohminami, Hirokazu / Ohnishi, Kohta / Masuda, Masashi / Kambe, Taiho / Yamamoto, Hironori / Taketani, Yutaka

    American journal of physiology. Renal physiology

    2024  Volume 326, Issue 3, Page(s) F411–F419

    Abstract: Zinc (Zn) is an essential trace element in various biological processes. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) often leads to hypozincemia, resulting in further progression of CKD. In CKD, intestinal Zn absorption, the main regulator of systemic Zn metabolism, is ...

    Abstract Zinc (Zn) is an essential trace element in various biological processes. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) often leads to hypozincemia, resulting in further progression of CKD. In CKD, intestinal Zn absorption, the main regulator of systemic Zn metabolism, is often impaired; however, the mechanism underlying Zn malabsorption remains unclear. Here, we evaluated intestinal Zn absorption capacity in a rat model of CKD induced by 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6 Nx). Rats were given Zn and the incremental area under the plasma Zn concentration-time curve (iAUC) was measured as well as the expression of ZIP4, an intestinal Zn transporter. We found that 5/6 Nx rats showed lower iAUC than sham-operated rats, but expression of ZIP4 protein was upregulated. We therefore focused on other Zn absorption regulators to explore the mechanism by which Zn absorption was substantially decreased. Because some phosphate compounds inhibit Zn absorption by coprecipitation and hyperphosphatemia is a common symptom in advanced CKD, we measured inorganic phosphate (P
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Rats ; Animals ; Phosphates/metabolism ; Hyperphosphatemia/drug therapy ; Zinc ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/drug therapy ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications ; Nephrectomy/adverse effects ; Intestinal Absorption
    Chemical Substances Phosphates ; Zinc (J41CSQ7QDS)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 603837-2
    ISSN 1522-1466 ; 0363-6127
    ISSN (online) 1522-1466
    ISSN 0363-6127
    DOI 10.1152/ajprenal.00310.2023
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Green greenhouse: leaf enclosure for fruit development of an androdioecious vine,

    Nagaoka, Nobuyuki / Naoe, Shoji / Takano-Masuya, Yu / Sakai, Shoko

    Proceedings. Biological sciences

    2020  Volume 287, Issue 1936, Page(s) 20201718

    Abstract: Individual plants can produce leaves that differ substantially in size, morphology and many other traits. However, leaves that play a specific role in reproduction have rarely been reported. Here, we report leaves specialized to enclose fruit clusters ... ...

    Abstract Individual plants can produce leaves that differ substantially in size, morphology and many other traits. However, leaves that play a specific role in reproduction have rarely been reported. Here, we report leaves specialized to enclose fruit clusters and enhance seed production in an annual vine,
    MeSH term(s) Cucurbitaceae/physiology ; Flowers ; Fruit/physiology ; Plant Leaves/physiology ; Plants ; Reproduction ; Seasons ; Seeds
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 209242-6
    ISSN 1471-2954 ; 0080-4649 ; 0962-8452 ; 0950-1193
    ISSN (online) 1471-2954
    ISSN 0080-4649 ; 0962-8452 ; 0950-1193
    DOI 10.1098/rspb.2020.1718
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Effects of temporal variation in community-level fruit abundance on seed dispersal by birds across woody species.

    Naoe, Shoji / Masaki, Takashi / Sakai, Shoko

    American journal of botany

    2018  Volume 105, Issue 11, Page(s) 1792–1801

    Abstract: Premise of the study: In animal-dispersed plants, seed dispersal patterns of the same species in the same habitat can greatly differ among individuals and temporally. Many studies have revealed the pervasive effects of spatial variation in fruit ... ...

    Abstract Premise of the study: In animal-dispersed plants, seed dispersal patterns of the same species in the same habitat can greatly differ among individuals and temporally. Many studies have revealed the pervasive effects of spatial variation in fruit abundance on seed dispersal of individual plants. By contrast, very few studies have investigated the temporal variation in seed dispersal.
    Methods: We investigated the effects of conspecific and community-level fruit abundance on fruit removal rate and seed dispersal distance of six bird-dispersed woody species in a Japanese temperate forest for 3 yr. The six species share similar fruit characteristics but have different fruiting seasons. In addition, we also considered the effects of bird seasonality in diet and species composition on seed dispersal.
    Key results: Inter-annual and inter-seasonal variation in community-level fruit abundance determined both fruit removal and the seed dispersal distance across species, but the effect differed with seasonal changes in bird behavior. Abundant fruit satiated fruit removal by birds only during fruit-feeding periods, not during insect-feeding periods. A scarcity of fruit increased the dispersal distance, but only during the migratory period. This difference was probably due to the different foraging behaviors of passing migrants and territorial birds.
    Conclusions: Our results illustrated that temporal variation in community-level fruit abundance could be a determining factor for seed dispersal in temperate forests. The effects of temporal variations in fruit abundance on seed dispersal patterns should be investigated in other ecosystems in order to understand their importance and associations with frugivore phenology.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Birds ; Diet ; Feeding Behavior ; Fruit/growth & development ; Seasons ; Seed Dispersal ; Trees/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-10-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2935-x
    ISSN 1537-2197 ; 0002-9122
    ISSN (online) 1537-2197
    ISSN 0002-9122
    DOI 10.1002/ajb2.1173
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Water uptake patterns of tropical canopy trees in Borneo: species-specific and temporal variation and relationships with aboveground traits.

    Hiiragi, Katsuura / Matsuo, Naoko / Sakai, Shoko / Kawahara, Kazuma / Ichie, Tomoaki / Kenzo, Tanaka / Aurelia, Dulce Chung / Kume, Tomonori / Nakagawa, Michiko

    Tree physiology

    2022  Volume 42, Issue 10, Page(s) 1928–1942

    Abstract: Root water uptake depth and its temporal variation are important determinants of tree mortality, resource partitioning and drought resistance; however, their effects on tropical trees remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated interspecific ...

    Abstract Root water uptake depth and its temporal variation are important determinants of tree mortality, resource partitioning and drought resistance; however, their effects on tropical trees remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated interspecific differences in water uptake depth and its temporal variation using stable isotope analysis and examined the relationships between water uptake depth and aboveground traits in a humid aseasonal tropical rainforest in Borneo. Species-specific differences in water uptake depth were examined for six dominant dipterocarp species. Temporal variation in water uptake depth for various canopy trees was assessed in three periods with different soil moisture conditions. We then examined the relationships between water uptake depth and aboveground traits including wood density, maximum tree height, flowering frequency and growth rate. Dipterocarpus globosus appeared to be more reliant on deep water resources than the other dipterocarp species. Water uptake from the soil layers varied among the three sampling periods. Trees generally utilized deeper soil water during the second driest sampling period, when temperatures were lowest. During the driest and wettest sampling periods, species with higher flowering frequencies tended to preferentially uptake deep soil water. These results suggest that low temperature and soil moisture promote increased deep soil water uptake in the study region. Dynamic relationships between water uptake patterns and aboveground tree traits may be related to resource partitioning among co-existing species.
    MeSH term(s) Borneo ; Rainforest ; Soil ; Trees ; Tropical Climate ; Water
    Chemical Substances Soil ; Water (059QF0KO0R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-16
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 743341-4
    ISSN 1758-4469 ; 0829-318X
    ISSN (online) 1758-4469
    ISSN 0829-318X
    DOI 10.1093/treephys/tpac061
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Effects of temporal variation in community‐level fruit abundance on seed dispersal by birds across woody species

    Naoe, Shoji / Masaki, Takashi / Sakai, Shoko

    American journal of botany. 2018 Nov., v. 105, no. 11

    2018  

    Abstract: PREMISE OF THE STUDY: In animal‐dispersed plants, seed dispersal patterns of the same species in the same habitat can greatly differ among individuals and temporally. Many studies have revealed the pervasive effects of spatial variation in fruit ... ...

    Abstract PREMISE OF THE STUDY: In animal‐dispersed plants, seed dispersal patterns of the same species in the same habitat can greatly differ among individuals and temporally. Many studies have revealed the pervasive effects of spatial variation in fruit abundance on seed dispersal of individual plants. By contrast, very few studies have investigated the temporal variation in seed dispersal. METHODS: We investigated the effects of conspecific and community‐level fruit abundance on fruit removal rate and seed dispersal distance of six bird‐dispersed woody species in a Japanese temperate forest for 3 yr. The six species share similar fruit characteristics but have different fruiting seasons. In addition, we also considered the effects of bird seasonality in diet and species composition on seed dispersal. KEY RESULTS: Inter‐annual and inter‐seasonal variation in community‐level fruit abundance determined both fruit removal and the seed dispersal distance across species, but the effect differed with seasonal changes in bird behavior. Abundant fruit satiated fruit removal by birds only during fruit‐feeding periods, not during insect‐feeding periods. A scarcity of fruit increased the dispersal distance, but only during the migratory period. This difference was probably due to the different foraging behaviors of passing migrants and territorial birds. CONCLUSIONS: Our results illustrated that temporal variation in community‐level fruit abundance could be a determining factor for seed dispersal in temperate forests. The effects of temporal variations in fruit abundance on seed dispersal patterns should be investigated in other ecosystems in order to understand their importance and associations with frugivore phenology.
    Keywords birds ; conspecificity ; diet ; frugivores ; fruits ; habitats ; migratory behavior ; phenology ; seed dispersal ; species diversity ; temperate forests ; woody plants
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-11
    Size p. 1792-1801.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 2935-x
    ISSN 1537-2197 ; 0002-9122
    ISSN (online) 1537-2197
    ISSN 0002-9122
    DOI 10.1002/ajb2.1173
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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