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  1. Article ; Online: Cooperative Distributed Uplink Cache over B5G small cell networks.

    Ur Rehman, Waheed / Sufyan, Mubarak Mohammed Al-Ezzi / Salam, Tabinda / Al-Salehi, AbdulRahman / Ali, Qazi Ejaz / Malik, Abdul Haseeb

    PloS one

    2024  Volume 19, Issue 4, Page(s) e0299690

    Abstract: The emergence of content-centric network has resulted in a substantial increase in data transmission in both uplink and downlink directions. To tackle the ensuing challenges of network congestion and bottlenecks in backhaul links within Beyond Fifth ... ...

    Abstract The emergence of content-centric network has resulted in a substantial increase in data transmission in both uplink and downlink directions. To tackle the ensuing challenges of network congestion and bottlenecks in backhaul links within Beyond Fifth Generation (B5G) networks, data caching has emerged as a popular solution. However, caching for uplink transmission in a distributed B5G scenario poses several challenges, including duplicate content matching and users' obliviousness about cached contents. Furthermore, it is important to maximize available space by caching the most popular contents in a distributed manner. In this paper, we propose two schemes for uplink transmission in distributed B5G SCNs. The first scheme focuses on content matching to eliminate duplicate contents among distributed caches, while the second scheme redistributes un-duplicated cached contents among distributed caches based on their available space and content's size. These approaches aim to enhance energy and spectral efficiency by reducing unnecessary uploads and optimizing distributed content caching, in addition to improve the content delivery. The analysis shows that the proposed schemes outperform the existing schemes by improving the cache hit ratio, cache hit probability, overall distributed cache efficiency, and diversity by 29.17%, 74.89%, 24.17%, and, 80%, respectively. Furthermore, the average throughput, Spectrum Efficiency (SE), and Energy Efficiency (EE) of the access network is improved by 17.78%, 18%, and 78%, respectively. Besides that, the EE and SE of both the sidehaul and backhaul links of the SBSs are also improved.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0299690
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Distributed uplink cache for improved energy and spectral efficiency in B5G small cell network.

    Sufyan, Mubarak Mohammed Al Ezzi / Rehman, Waheed Ur / Salam, Tabinda / Al-Salehi, Abdul Rahman / Ejaz Ali, Qazi / Haseeb Malik, Abdul

    PloS one

    2022  Volume 17, Issue 5, Page(s) e0268294

    Abstract: The advent of content-centric networks and Small Cell Networks (SCN) has resulted in the exponential growth of data for both uplink and downlink transmission. Data caching is considered one of the popular solutions to cater to the resultant challenges of ...

    Abstract The advent of content-centric networks and Small Cell Networks (SCN) has resulted in the exponential growth of data for both uplink and downlink transmission. Data caching is considered one of the popular solutions to cater to the resultant challenges of network congestion and bottleneck of backhaul links in B5G networks. Caching for uplink transmission in distributed B5G scenarios has several challenges such as duplicate matching of contents, mobile station's unawareness about the cached contents, and the storage of large content size. This paper proposes a cache framework for uplink transmission in distributed B5G SCNs. Our proposed framework generates comprehensive lists of cache contents from all the Small Base Stations (SBSs) in the network to remove similar contents and assist uplink transmission. In addition, our framework also proposes content matching at a Mobile Station (MS) in contrast to an SBS, which effectively improves the energy and spectrum efficiency. Furthermore, large size contents are segmented and their fractions are stored in the distributed cache to improve the cache hit ratio. Our analysis shows that the proposed framework outperforms the existing schemes by improving the energy and spectrum efficiency of both access and core networks. Compared to the existing state of the art, our proposed framework improves the energy and spectrum efficiency of the access network by 41.28% and 15.58%, respectively. Furthermore, the cache hit ratio and throughput are improved by 9% and 40.00%, respectively.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Physical Phenomena ; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus ; Unconsciousness
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0268294
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: RCER: Reliable Cluster-based Energy-aware Routing protocol for heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks.

    Haseeb, Khalid / Abbas, Naveed / Saleem, Muhammad Qaisar / Sheta, Osama E / Awan, Khalid / Islam, Naveed / Ur Rehman, Waheed / Salam, Tabinda

    PloS one

    2019  Volume 14, Issue 9, Page(s) e0222009

    Abstract: Nowadays, because of the unpredictable nature of sensor nodes, propagating sensory data raises significant research challenges in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Recently, different cluster-based solutions are designed for the improvement of network ... ...

    Abstract Nowadays, because of the unpredictable nature of sensor nodes, propagating sensory data raises significant research challenges in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Recently, different cluster-based solutions are designed for the improvement of network stability and lifetime, however, most of the energy efficient solutions are developed for homogeneous networks, and use only a distance parameter for the data communication. Although, some existing solutions attempted to improve the selection of next-hop based on energy factor, nevertheless, such solutions are unstable and lack a reducing data delivery interruption in overloaded links. The aim of our proposed solution is to develop Reliable Cluster-based Energy-aware Routing (RCER) protocol for heterogeneous WSN, which lengthen network lifetime and decreases routing cost. Our proposed RCER protocol make use of heterogeneity nodes with respect to their energy and comprises of two main phases; firstly, the network field is parted in geographical clusters to make the network more energy-efficient and secondly; RCER attempts optimum routing for improving the next-hop selection by considering residual-energy, hop-count and weighted value of Round Trip Time (RTT) factors. Moreover, based on computing the measurement of wireless links and nodes status, RCER restore routing paths and provides network reliability with improved data delivery performance. Simulation results demonstrate significant development of RCER protocol against their competing solutions.
    MeSH term(s) Algorithms ; Cluster Analysis ; Computer Communication Networks ; Reproducibility of Results ; Time Factors ; Wireless Technology/instrumentation
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-09-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0222009
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Correction: RCER: Reliable Cluster-based Energy-aware Routing protocol for heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks.

    Haseeb, Khalid / Abbas, Naveed / Saleem, Muhammad Qaiser / Sheta, Osama E / Awan, Khalid / Islam, Naveed / Ur Rehman, Waheed / Salam, Tabinda

    PloS one

    2019  Volume 14, Issue 10, Page(s) e0224319

    Abstract: This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222009.]. ...

    Abstract [This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222009.].
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-10-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Published Erratum
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0224319
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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