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  1. Article ; Online: Clinical Images: Dacryoadenitis as the herald symptom for systemic lupus erythematosus.

    Sullivan, Megan M / Salem, Fadi / Albadri, Sam / Berianu, Florentina

    ACR open rheumatology

    2023  Volume 5, Issue 9, Page(s) 436

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2578-5745
    ISSN (online) 2578-5745
    DOI 10.1002/acr2.11553
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  2. Article ; Online: COVAN Leading to ESKD Despite Minimal COVID Symptoms.

    Maldonado, Dawn / Ray, Justina / Lin, XiongBin / Salem, Fadi / Brown, Maritza / Bansal, Ishita

    Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reports

    2022  Volume 10, Page(s) 23247096221093888

    Abstract: We report a case of dialysis dependence in a patient with COVID-19-associated nephropathy (COVAN) who had minimal respiratory manifestations. A 25-year-old man with a history of multiple sclerosis in remission presented with mild dyspnea due to COVID-19 ... ...

    Abstract We report a case of dialysis dependence in a patient with COVID-19-associated nephropathy (COVAN) who had minimal respiratory manifestations. A 25-year-old man with a history of multiple sclerosis in remission presented with mild dyspnea due to COVID-19 pneumonia and was found to have rapidly worsening kidney function. He only required nasal cannula and was able to be weaned off within a few days. Despite having only mild respiratory disease, his kidney function worsened and urgent hemodialysis was started for hyperkalemia and uremic encephalopathy. Kidney biopsy demonstrated collapsing glomerulopathy due to COVID-19 with moderate interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy. His kidney function did not recover, and he unfortunately now has been dependent on hemodialysis for over 3 months. Multiple case reports have described COVAN causing dialysis dependence, but to our knowledge this is the first reported case of COVAN causing dialysis dependence in a patient with such mild respiratory disease. Currently the indications for intensive COVID-19 therapies are based on oxygen requirements. This case demonstrates that the oxygen requirement may not fully reflect the severity of COVID-19 and raises the question of whether these therapies should be considered in patients with COVAN.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; COVID-19/complications ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases/pathology ; Male ; Oxygen ; Renal Dialysis
    Chemical Substances Oxygen (S88TT14065)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2710326-2
    ISSN 2324-7096 ; 2324-7096
    ISSN (online) 2324-7096
    ISSN 2324-7096
    DOI 10.1177/23247096221093888
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  3. Article: The Utility of Bronchoscopy in Hydralazine-Induced ANCA-Associated Vasculitis.

    Khosla, Atulya Aman / Saunders, Hollie / Helgeson, Scott / Hikida, Hiroshi / Aslam, Nabeel / Salem, Fadi / Albadri, Sam / Baig, Hassan

    Case reports in pulmonology

    2023  Volume 2023, Page(s) 1461011

    Abstract: Hydralazine is a vasodilator used for the management of hypertension, heart failure, and hypertensive emergencies in pregnancy. It has been implicated in the causation of drug-induced lupus erythematosus (DLE) and rarely with ANCA-associated vasculitis ( ... ...

    Abstract Hydralazine is a vasodilator used for the management of hypertension, heart failure, and hypertensive emergencies in pregnancy. It has been implicated in the causation of drug-induced lupus erythematosus (DLE) and rarely with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV), which may present as a pulmonary-renal syndrome and be rapidly fatal. Herein, we describe a case of hydralazine-associated AAV presenting as acute kidney injury with the use of early bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) with serial aliquots to aid with diagnosis. Our case highlights how, in the correct clinical setting, BAL can act as a rapid diagnostic test to help guide quicker treatment to allow for better patient outcomes.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2666707-1
    ISSN 2090-6854 ; 2090-6846
    ISSN (online) 2090-6854
    ISSN 2090-6846
    DOI 10.1155/2023/1461011
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  4. Article: Artificial Intelligence Advances in Transplant Pathology.

    Rahman, Md Arafatur / Yilmaz, Ibrahim / Albadri, Sam T / Salem, Fadi E / Dangott, Bryan J / Taner, C Burcin / Nassar, Aziza / Akkus, Zeynettin

    Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)

    2023  Volume 10, Issue 9

    Abstract: Transplant pathology plays a critical role in ensuring that transplanted organs function properly and the immune systems of the recipients do not reject them. To improve outcomes for transplant recipients, accurate diagnosis and timely treatment are ... ...

    Abstract Transplant pathology plays a critical role in ensuring that transplanted organs function properly and the immune systems of the recipients do not reject them. To improve outcomes for transplant recipients, accurate diagnosis and timely treatment are essential. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI)-empowered digital pathology could help monitor allograft rejection and weaning of immunosuppressive drugs. To explore the role of AI in transplant pathology, we conducted a systematic search of electronic databases from January 2010 to April 2023. The PRISMA checklist was used as a guide for screening article titles, abstracts, and full texts, and we selected articles that met our inclusion criteria. Through this search, we identified 68 articles from multiple databases. After careful screening, only 14 articles were included based on title and abstract. Our review focuses on the AI approaches applied to four transplant organs: heart, lungs, liver, and kidneys. Specifically, we found that several deep learning-based AI models have been developed to analyze digital pathology slides of biopsy specimens from transplant organs. The use of AI models could improve clinicians' decision-making capabilities and reduce diagnostic variability. In conclusion, our review highlights the advancements and limitations of AI in transplant pathology. We believe that these AI technologies have the potential to significantly improve transplant outcomes and pave the way for future advancements in this field.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-04
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2746191-9
    ISSN 2306-5354
    ISSN 2306-5354
    DOI 10.3390/bioengineering10091041
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  5. Article ; Online: The spatially resolved transcriptome signatures of glomeruli in chronic kidney disease.

    Clair, Geremy / Soloyan, Hasmik / Cravedi, Paolo / Angeletti, Andrea / Salem, Fadi / Al-Rabadi, Laith / De Filippo, Roger E / Da Sacco, Stefano / Lemley, Kevin V / Sedrakyan, Sargis / Perin, Laura

    JCI insight

    2024  Volume 9, Issue 6

    Abstract: Here, we used digital spatial profiling (DSP) to describe the glomerular transcriptomic signatures that may characterize the complex molecular mechanisms underlying progressive kidney disease in Alport syndrome, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and ... ...

    Abstract Here, we used digital spatial profiling (DSP) to describe the glomerular transcriptomic signatures that may characterize the complex molecular mechanisms underlying progressive kidney disease in Alport syndrome, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and membranous nephropathy. Our results revealed significant transcriptional heterogeneity among diseased glomeruli, and this analysis showed that histologically similar glomeruli manifested different transcriptional profiles. Using glomerular pathology scores to establish an axis of progression, we identified molecular pathways with progressively decreased expression in response to increasing pathology scores, including signal recognition particle-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane and selenocysteine synthesis pathways. We also identified a distinct signature of upregulated and downregulated genes common to all the diseases investigated when compared with nondiseased tissue from nephrectomies. These analyses using DSP at the single-glomerulus level could help to increase insight into the pathophysiology of kidney disease and possibly the identification of biomarkers of disease progression in glomerulopathies.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Transcriptome ; Kidney Glomerulus/pathology ; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental/pathology ; Nephritis, Hereditary/pathology ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/metabolism
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2379-3708
    ISSN (online) 2379-3708
    DOI 10.1172/jci.insight.165515
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  6. Article ; Online: IgA Nephropathy After SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination.

    Abramson, Matthew / Mon-Wei Yu, Samuel / Campbell, Kirk N / Chung, Miriam / Salem, Fadi

    Kidney medicine

    2021  Volume 3, Issue 5, Page(s) 860–863

    Abstract: Here we present the first case of newly diagnosed IgA nephropathy (IgAN) after a SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. A 30-year-old man with no known past medical history presented with gross hematuria and subnephrotic proteinuria 24 hours after the second dose of ... ...

    Abstract Here we present the first case of newly diagnosed IgA nephropathy (IgAN) after a SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. A 30-year-old man with no known past medical history presented with gross hematuria and subnephrotic proteinuria 24 hours after the second dose of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. A kidney biopsy showed IgAN. He was started on an angiotensin receptor blocker, resulting in proteinuria reduction. Similar to natural infection of SARS-CoV-2, persons who receive 2 mRNA-based vaccines demonstrate robust antibodies against the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the S1 protein. Given the uniqueness of glycosylation of RBD and potent stimulation of immune response from mRNA-based vaccine compared to other vaccines, we hypothesize that our patient developed de novo antibodies, leading to IgA-containing immune-complex deposits. This case highlights the urgency of understanding the immunological responses to novel mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in more diverse populations. Despite the lack of clear causality, nephrologists should be alerted if any new-onset hematuria or proteinuria is observed.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ISSN 2590-0595
    ISSN (online) 2590-0595
    DOI 10.1016/j.xkme.2021.05.002
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  7. Article ; Online: Report of Three Cases of Minimal Change Disease Following the Second Dose of mRNA SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Vaccine.

    Salem, Fadi / Rein, Joshua L / Yu, Samuel Mon-Wei / Abramson, Mathew / Cravedi, Paolo / Chung, Miriam

    Kidney international reports

    2021  Volume 6, Issue 9, Page(s) 2523–2524

    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2468-0249
    ISSN (online) 2468-0249
    DOI 10.1016/j.ekir.2021.07.017
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  8. Article ; Online: Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid administration or soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition attenuates renal fibrogenesis in obstructive nephropathy.

    Noh, Mi Ra / Jang, Hee-Seong / Salem, Fadi E / Ferrer, Fernando A / Kim, Jinu / Padanilam, Babu J

    American journal of physiology. Renal physiology

    2022  Volume 324, Issue 2, Page(s) F138–F151

    Abstract: Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are arachidonic acid metabolites with biological effects, including antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic functions. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH)-mediated hydrolysis of EETs to dihydroxyeicosatrienoic ... ...

    Abstract Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are arachidonic acid metabolites with biological effects, including antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic functions. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH)-mediated hydrolysis of EETs to dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs) attenuates these effects. Recent studies have demonstrated that inhibition of sEH prevents renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis and inflammation in the chronic kidney disease model. Given the pathophysiological role of the EET pathway in chronic kidney disease, we investigated if administration of EET regioisomers and/or sEH inhibition will promote antifibrotic and renoprotective effects in renal fibrosis following unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). EETs administration abolished tubulointerstitial fibrogenesis, as demonstrated by reduced fibroblast activation and collagen deposition after UUO. The inflammatory response was prevented as demonstrated by decreased neutrophil and macrophage infiltration and expression of cytokines in EET-administered UUO kidneys. EET administration and/or sEH inhibition significantly reduced M1 macrophage markers, whereas M2 macrophage markers were highly upregulated. Furthermore, UUO-induced oxidative stress, tubular injury, and apoptosis were all downregulated following EET administration. Combined EET administration and sEH inhibition, however, had no additive effect in attenuating inflammation and renal interstitial fibrogenesis after UUO. Taken together, our findings provide a mechanistic understanding of how EETs prevent kidney fibrogenesis during obstructive nephropathy and suggest EET treatment as a potential therapeutic strategy to treat fibrotic diseases.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Epoxide Hydrolases ; Ureteral Obstruction/complications ; Ureteral Obstruction/drug therapy ; Kidney/metabolism ; Eicosanoids/metabolism ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ; Inflammation ; Arachidonic Acids ; 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid
    Chemical Substances Epoxide Hydrolases (EC 3.3.2.-) ; Eicosanoids ; Arachidonic Acids ; 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid (FC398RK06S)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 603837-2
    ISSN 1522-1466 ; 0363-6127
    ISSN (online) 1522-1466
    ISSN 0363-6127
    DOI 10.1152/ajprenal.00052.2022
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  9. Article ; Online: Decay-Accelerating Factor Restrains Complement Activation and Delays Progression of Murine cBSA-Induced Membranous Nephropathy.

    Budge, Kelly L / Verlato, Alberto / Bin, Sofia / Salem, Fadi E / Perin, Laura / La Manna, Gaetano / Zaza, Gianluigi / Fiaccadori, Enrico / Cantarelli, Chiara / Cravedi, Paolo

    Kidney360

    2023  Volume 4, Issue 6, Page(s) e769–e776

    MeSH term(s) Mice ; Animals ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous ; CD55 Antigens ; Glomerulonephritis ; Kidney Glomerulus ; Complement Activation
    Chemical Substances CD55 Antigens
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ISSN 2641-7650
    ISSN (online) 2641-7650
    DOI 10.34067/KID.0000000000000122
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  10. Article ; Online: The spatially resolved transcriptional profile of acute T cell-mediated rejection in a kidney allograft.

    Salem, Fadi / Perin, Laura / Sedrakyan, Sargis / Angeletti, Andrea / Ghiggeri, Gian Marco / Coccia, Maria Cristina / Ross, Marty / Fribourg, Miguel / Cravedi, Paolo

    Kidney international

    2021  Volume 101, Issue 1, Page(s) 131–136

    Abstract: Analysis of the transcriptional profile of graft biopsies represents a promising strategy to study T cell-mediated-rejection (TCMR), also known as acute cellular rejection. However, bulk RNA sequencing of graft biopsies may not capture the focal nature ... ...

    Abstract Analysis of the transcriptional profile of graft biopsies represents a promising strategy to study T cell-mediated-rejection (TCMR), also known as acute cellular rejection. However, bulk RNA sequencing of graft biopsies may not capture the focal nature of acute rejection. Herein, we used the whole exome GeoMX Digital Space Profiling platform to study five tubular and three glomerular regions of interest in the kidney graft biopsy from a patient with a chronic-active TCMR episode and in analogous areas from two different normal kidney control biopsies. All kidney sections were from paraffin blocks. Overall, inflammatory genes were significantly upregulated in the tubular areas of the TCMR biopsy and showed an enrichment for gene-ontology terms associated with T-cell activation, differentiation, and proliferation. Enrichment analysis of the 100 genes with the highest coefficient of variation across the TCMR tubular regions of interest revealed that these highly variable genes are involved in kidney development and injury and interestingly do not associate with the 2019 Banff classification pathology scores within the individual regions of interest. Spatial transcriptomics allowed us to unravel a previously unappreciated variability across different areas of the TCMR biopsy related to the graft response to the alloimmune attack, rather than to the immune cells. Thus, our approach has the potential to decipher clinically relevant, new pathogenic mechanisms, and therapeutic targets in acute cellular rejection and other kidney diseases with a focal nature.
    MeSH term(s) Allografts/pathology ; Biopsy ; Graft Rejection ; Humans ; Kidney/pathology ; Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects ; T-Lymphocytes
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 120573-0
    ISSN 1523-1755 ; 0085-2538
    ISSN (online) 1523-1755
    ISSN 0085-2538
    DOI 10.1016/j.kint.2021.09.004
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