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Article ; Online: Risk factors for developing hepatocellular carcinoma in patients treated with direct-acting antivirals.

Santana-Salgado, I / Bautista-Santos, A / Moreno-Alcántar, R

Revista de gastroenterologia de Mexico (English)

2022 Volume 87, Issue 4, Page(s) 455–461

Abstract: Introduction and aim: Chronic hepatitis C is one of the main causes of cirrhosis of the liver. Treatment with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) improves survival. There is controversy as to whether AADs create an increased risk for the development of ... ...

Abstract	Introduction and aim: Chronic hepatitis C is one of the main causes of cirrhosis of the liver. Treatment with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) improves survival. There is controversy as to whether AADs create an increased risk for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of the present study was to determine the risk factors for developing HCC in patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with DAAs. Materials and methods: A cohort study was conducted, within the time frame of June 2017 and June 2018, on patients >18 years of age, with chronic hepatitis C, genotypes 1 and 4, with one year of follow-up, to evaluate the presence of HCC. Results: We analyzed 108 patients, 71 (65%) of whom were women. Mean patient age was 56.24 years (±10.6), 1b was the most frequent genotype (63%), and 49% of the patients received treatment with DAAs (ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir plus dasabuvir). Thirty-four (31%) patients were obese. Fifty-three percent (58) had cirrhosis and 82% (89) had Child-Pugh class A liver function. Sustained virologic response at 12 weeks was 100%. Eight (7%) patients developed HCC and 1b was the most frequently associated genotype (87%). The presence of regenerative nodules >10 mm (P < .05), esophageal varices (P < .05), cirrhosis of the liver (P < .05), Child-Pugh B-C (P < .05), and alpha-fetoprotein >20 IU/mL (P = 0.20) one year after treatment were associated with the development of HCC. Conclusions: The risk factors for developing HCC were the presence of cirrhosis of the liver, Child-Pugh class B liver function, esophageal and/or gastric varices, and genotype 1b.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/etiology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/complications ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy ; Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Liver Neoplasms/complications ; Hepacivirus/genetics ; Cohort Studies ; Liver Cirrhosis/complications ; Risk Factors
Chemical Substances	Antiviral Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-03
Publishing country	Mexico
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2828765-4
ISSN	2255-534X ; 2255-534X
ISSN (online)	2255-534X
ISSN	2255-534X
DOI	10.1016/j.rgmxen.2021.09.005
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Deep Learning Adapted to Differential Neural Networks Used as Pattern Classification of Electrophysiological Signals.

Llorente-Vidrio, D / Ballesteros, M / Salgado, I / Chairez, I

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence

2022 Volume 44, Issue 9, Page(s) 4807–4818

Abstract: This manuscript presents the design of a deep differential neural network (DDNN) for pattern classification. First, we proposed a DDNN topology with three layers, whose learning laws are derived from a Lyapunov analysis, justifying local asymptotic ... ...

Abstract	This manuscript presents the design of a deep differential neural network (DDNN) for pattern classification. First, we proposed a DDNN topology with three layers, whose learning laws are derived from a Lyapunov analysis, justifying local asymptotic convergence of the classification error and the weights of the DDNN. Then, an extension to include an arbitrary number of hidden layers in the DDNN is analyzed. The learning laws for this general form of the DDNN offer a contribution to the deep learning framework for signal classification with biological nature and dynamic structures. The DDNN is used to classify electroencephalographic signals from volunteers that perform an identification graphical test. The classification results show exponential growth in the signal classification accuracy from 82 percent with one layer to 100 percent with three hidden layers. Working with DDNN instead of static deep neural networks (SDNN) represents a set of advantages, such as processing time and training period reduction up to almost 100 times, and the increment of the classification accuracy while working with less hidden layers than working with SDNN, which are highly dependent on their topology and the number of neurons in each layer. The DDNN employed fewer neurons due to the induced feedback characteristic.
MeSH term(s)	Algorithms ; Deep Learning ; Humans ; Neural Networks, Computer
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1939-3539
ISSN (online)	1939-3539
DOI	10.1109/TPAMI.2021.3066996
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Article ; Online: Forearm sEMG data from young healthy humans during the execution of hand movements.

Gomez-Correa, Manuela / Ballesteros, Mariana / Salgado, Ivan / Cruz-Ortiz, David

Scientific data

2023 Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 310

Abstract: This work provides a complete dataset containing surface electromyography (sEMG) signals acquired from the forearm with a sampling frequency of 1000 Hz. The dataset is named WyoFlex sEMG Hand Gesture and recorded the data of 28 participants between 18 ... ...

Abstract	This work provides a complete dataset containing surface electromyography (sEMG) signals acquired from the forearm with a sampling frequency of 1000 Hz. The dataset is named WyoFlex sEMG Hand Gesture and recorded the data of 28 participants between 18 and 37 years old without neuromuscular diseases or cardiovascular problems. The test protocol consisted of sEMG signals acquisition corresponding to ten wrist and grasping movements (extension, flexion, ulnar deviation, radial deviation, hook grip, power grip, spherical grip, precision grip, lateral grip, and pinch grip), considering three repetitions for each gesture. Also, the dataset contains general information such as anthropometric measures of the upper limb, gender, age, laterally of the person, and physical condition. Likewise, the implemented acquisition system consists of a portable armband with four sEMG channels distributed equidistantly for each forearm. The database could be used for the recognition of hand gestures, evaluation of the evolution of patients in rehabilitation processes, control of upper limb orthoses or prostheses, and biomechanical analysis of the forearm.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Electromyography/methods ; Forearm ; Wrist ; Gestures ; Artificial Limbs ; Hand
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2775191-0
ISSN	2052-4463 ; 2052-4463
ISSN (online)	2052-4463
ISSN	2052-4463
DOI	10.1038/s41597-023-02223-x
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Article ; Online: Absceso renal en Pediatría: un desafío diagnóstico.

Jiménez, Martha / Gajardo, Macarena / Bolte, Lillian / Lazcano, Andrea / Salgado, Ignacio

Andes pediatrica : revista Chilena de pediatria

2022 Volume 93, Issue 2, Page(s) 222–228

Abstract: Kidney abscess is an unusual entity in childhood with few studies about its clinical characteris tics.: Objective: To report the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and therapy used in a cohort of 20 children with kidney abscess.: Patients and method!# ...

Title translation	Pediatric renal abscesses: a diagnostic challenge.
Abstract	Kidney abscess is an unusual entity in childhood with few studies about its clinical characteris tics. Objective: To report the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and therapy used in a cohort of 20 children with kidney abscess. Patients and method: retrospective study of cases of kidney abscess during a 10-year period at the Hospital Roberto del Río. The analysis of clinical, laboratory, and imaging characteristics were evaluated as well as the treatment usedfor this condition. Results: 20 cases were reported among which 65% were women with a median age of 3.6 years. The most com mon clinical presentation was fever, vomit, and dysuria. Eighty percent of patients presented an increase of inflammatory parameters, 88% presented positive urine culture, and the most common organism identified was Escherichia Coli (77.8%). The diagnosis was mostly made through kidney ultrasound (75%) followed by an abdominal CT scan (35%). 93% of abscesses were unilateral. About 95% of the patients only required antibiotic treatment. Vesicoureteral reflux was diagno sed in 28% of the patients with no sphincter control, and only one of them presented high-grade reflux. In patients with sphincter control, bladder and bowel dysfunction (BBD) was diagnosed in 90% of the cases. Forty four percent of the patients with late DMSA renal scintigraphy presented renal scarring. Conclusions: In this series, pediatric kidney abscess appears with persistent fever despite the treatment, requiring prolonged antibiotic therapy and rarely surgical drains. We su ggest a study aimed at detecting modifiable factors, such as vesicoureteral reflux in patients with no sphincter control and BBD in patients with sphincter control, as well as identifying renal paren chymal sequels in all patients.
MeSH term(s)	Abdominal Abscess/complications ; Abdominal Abscess/drug therapy ; Abscess/complications ; Abscess/diagnosis ; Abscess/drug therapy ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases/complications ; Kidney Diseases/diagnosis ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Urinary Tract Infections/complications ; Urinary Tract Infections/diagnosis ; Urinary Tract Infections/drug therapy ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux/complications ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux/drug therapy
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2022-06-23
Publishing country	Chile
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2452-6053
ISSN (online)	2452-6053
DOI	10.32641/andespediatr.v93i2.3765
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Article ; Online: microRNA Fine-Tuning of the Germinal Center Response.

Fuertes, Teresa / Salgado, Irene / de Yébenes, Virginia G

Frontiers in immunology

2021 Volume 12, Page(s) 660450

Abstract: Germinal centers (GCs) are complex multicellular structures in which antigen-specific B cells undergo the molecular remodeling that enables the generation of high-affinity antibodies and the differentiation programs that lead to the generation of plasma- ... ...

Abstract	Germinal centers (GCs) are complex multicellular structures in which antigen-specific B cells undergo the molecular remodeling that enables the generation of high-affinity antibodies and the differentiation programs that lead to the generation of plasma-antibody-secreting cells and memory B cells. These reactions are tightly controlled by a variety of mechanisms, including the post-transcriptional control of gene expression by microRNAs (miRNAs). Through the development of animal models with B cell-specific modified miRNA expression, we have contributed to the understanding of the role of miRNAs in the regulation of GC responses and in B cell neoplasia. Here, we review recent advances in the understanding of the role of miRNAs in the regulation of B cell and T follicular helper physiology during the GC response and in the diseases associated to GC response dysregulation.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Cell Differentiation/immunology ; Gene Expression Regulation/immunology ; Germinal Center/immunology ; Humans ; Mice ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; MicroRNAs/immunology
Chemical Substances	MicroRNAs
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2021.660450
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Article: Puma (

Ramírez-Álvarez, Diego / Napolitano, Constanza / Salgado, Iván

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

2021 Volume 11, Issue 4

Abstract: The wildland-urban interface lies at the confluence of human-dominated and wild landscapes-creating a number of management and conservation challenges. Wildlife sightings near human settlements have appeared to increase in the last years. This article ... ...

Abstract	The wildland-urban interface lies at the confluence of human-dominated and wild landscapes-creating a number of management and conservation challenges. Wildlife sightings near human settlements have appeared to increase in the last years. This article reports 51 records of presences, sightings, and livestock attacks of
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-31
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani11040965
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Article ; Online: Hybrid position/force output feedback second-order sliding mode control for a prototype of an active orthosis used in back-assisted mobilization.

Ballesteros-Escamilla, M / Cruz-Ortiz, D / Salgado, I / Chairez, I

Medical & biological engineering & computing

2019 Volume 57, Issue 9, Page(s) 1843–1860

Abstract: This article shows the design of a robust second-order sliding mode controller to solve the trajectory tracking problem of an active orthosis for assisting back physiotherapies. The orthosis was designed in agreement with morphological dimensions and its ...

Abstract	This article shows the design of a robust second-order sliding mode controller to solve the trajectory tracking problem of an active orthosis for assisting back physiotherapies. The orthosis was designed in agreement with morphological dimensions and its articulations distribution followed the same designing rules. The orthosis has six articulated arms attached to an articulated column. The orthosis was fully instrumented with actuators and position sensors at each articulation. The controller implemented a class of hybrid/position controller depending on the relative force exerted by the patient and the orthosis movement. The position information provided by each articulation was supplied to a distributed super-twisting differentiator to recover the corresponding angular velocity. A set of twisting controllers was implemented to regulate the position of the robot in agreement to predefined reference trajectories. Reference trajectories were obtained from a biomechanical-based analysis. The hybrid tracking control problem solved the automation of the assisted therapy to the patient, including the force feedback. The performance of the orthosis was tested with different dummy bodies with different resistance. The robust output feedback controller successfully tracked the reference trajectories despite the material of the dummy used during the testing. The orthosis was evaluated with two volunteers using a simple reference trajectory. Graphical Abstract General structure of the active back assisted orthosis.
MeSH term(s)	Computer Simulation ; Equipment Design ; Feedback ; Humans ; Models, Theoretical ; Orthotic Devices ; Physical Therapy Modalities/instrumentation ; Robotics/instrumentation ; Robotics/methods ; Software ; Spinal Cord/physiology ; Spinal Cord/physiopathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	282327-5
ISSN	1741-0444 ; 0025-696X ; 0140-0118
ISSN (online)	1741-0444
ISSN	0025-696X ; 0140-0118
DOI	10.1007/s11517-019-01987-y
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Article: The Influence of Fiber Treatment on the Morphology, Water Absorption Capacity and Mechanical Behavior of Curauá Fibers

Martel, Wena de N. Do R. / Salgado, I. P. / Silva, F. A.

Journal of natural fibers. 2022 Feb. 01, v. 19, no. 2

2022

Abstract: The use of vegetable fibers in the modern engineering industry represents a worldwide need for sustainable low-cost materials with desirable mechanical characteristics, such as high strength, modulus of elasticity and strain capacity. In order to be used ...

Abstract	The use of vegetable fibers in the modern engineering industry represents a worldwide need for sustainable low-cost materials with desirable mechanical characteristics, such as high strength, modulus of elasticity and strain capacity. In order to be used as a reinforcement in composite systems, the Curauá fibers' durability and interface characteristics with the different matrices should be improved. The present work aims to characterize and compare the behavior of curauá filaments both in natural and treated conditions focusing on increasing their durability and bond performance. To minimize the degradation and high water absorption, two types of polymeric coatings were impregnated in the fibers: aluminum oxide and sand. Direct tensile tests were performed and correlated to the morphological observations of the fiber structure by SEM images. The adhesion between matrix and fiber was evaluated by pull-out tests. Volumetric changes due to the wetting and drying of the fibers were also analyzed. The results indicated an improvement of the fiber-matrix bond, fiber tensile strength and stiffness after the surface treatments. Additionally, the coating had a positive effect on the hydrophilic nature of the fiber, decreasing its water absorption capacity.
Keywords	adhesion ; aluminum oxide ; durability ; hydrophilicity ; industry ; modulus of elasticity ; polymers ; sand ; tensile strength ; vegetables ; water binding capacity ; water uptake
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0201
Size	p. 642-657.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2182715-1
ISSN	1544-046X ; 1544-0478
ISSN (online)	1544-046X
ISSN	1544-0478
DOI	10.1080/15440478.2020.1758863
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Article ; Online: Adaptive sliding-mode controller of a lower limb mobile exoskeleton for active rehabilitation.

Pérez-San Lázaro, Rafael / Salgado, Ivan / Chairez, Isaac

ISA transactions

2020 Volume 109, Page(s) 218–228

Abstract: This study describes the design, instrumentation and control of an exoskeleton for lower limb children rehabilitation with nine degrees of freedom. Three degrees of freedom in each leg exert the movements of hip, knee and ankle in the sagittal plane, and ...

Abstract	This study describes the design, instrumentation and control of an exoskeleton for lower limb children rehabilitation with nine degrees of freedom. Three degrees of freedom in each leg exert the movements of hip, knee and ankle in the sagittal plane, and three control the drive track system composed by a caterpillar-like robot. The control scheme presents a model free decentralized output feedback adaptive high-order sliding mode control to solve the trajectory tracking problem in each degree of freedom of the exoskeleton. A high order sliding mode differentiator estimates the unmeasured states and, by means of a dynamical state extension, it approximates the unknown dynamical model of the exoskeleton. A second-order adaptive sliding mode controller based on the super-twisting algorithm drives the exoskeleton articulations to track the proposed reference trajectories, inducing an ultimate boundedness for the tracking error. Numerical and experimental simulation results demonstrate the effect of the adaptive gain on the super-twisting control design. Such evaluations confirmed the superior tracking performance forced by the adaptive law for the controller with a smaller chattering amplitude and smaller mean tracking error.
MeSH term(s)	Algorithms ; Ankle ; Body Height ; Body Weight ; Child ; Computer Simulation ; Computer-Aided Design ; Equipment Design ; Exoskeleton Device ; Feedback ; Hip ; Humans ; Knee ; Lower Extremity ; Models, Theoretical ; Orthotic Devices ; Rehabilitation/instrumentation ; Robotics
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2012746-7
ISSN	1879-2022 ; 0019-0578
ISSN (online)	1879-2022
ISSN	0019-0578
DOI	10.1016/j.isatra.2020.10.008
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Article: Noncoding RNAs responsive to nitric oxide and their protein-coding gene targets shed light on root hair formation in

Santos, Camilla Alves / Moro, Camila Fernandes / Salgado, Ione / Braga, Márcia Regina / Gaspar, Marília

Frontiers in genetics

2022 Volume 13, Page(s) 958641

Abstract: An overview of the ... ...

Abstract	An overview of the total
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2606823-0
ISSN	1664-8021
ISSN	1664-8021
DOI	10.3389/fgene.2022.958641
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