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  1. Article ; Online: Asynchronous online learning as a key tool to adapt to new educational needs in radiology during the COVID-19 pandemic

    Pau Xiberta / Imma Boada / Santiago Thió-Henestrosa / Salvador Pedraza / Víctor Pineda

    Medical Education Online, Vol 27, Iss

    2022  Volume 1

    Abstract: The risk of contagion and the lockdown caused by the COVID-19 pandemic forced a change in teaching methodologies in radiology. New knowledge about the disease that was being acquired on a daily basis needed to be rapidly spread worldwide, but the ... ...

    Abstract The risk of contagion and the lockdown caused by the COVID-19 pandemic forced a change in teaching methodologies in radiology. New knowledge about the disease that was being acquired on a daily basis needed to be rapidly spread worldwide, but the restrictions imposed made it difficult to share this information. This paper describes the methodology applied to design and launch a practice-based course on chest X-ray suggestive of COVID-19 right after the pandemic started, and aims to determine whether asynchronous online learning tools for radiology education are useful and acceptable to general practitioners and other medical personnel during a pandemic. The study was carried out from April to October 2020 and involved 2632 participants. Pre- and post-testing was used to assess the participants’ gain of knowledge in the course content (paired t-tests and chi-squared tests of independence). A five-point Likert scale questionnaire inspired by the technological acceptance model (TAM) was provided to evaluate the e-learning methodology (ANOVA tests). The results from the pre- and post-tests showed that there were significant differences in the scores before and after completing the course (sample size = 2632, response rate = 56%, [Formula: see text]). As for the questionnaire, all questions surpassed 4.5 out of 5, including those referring to perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness, and no significant differences were found between experienced and inexperienced participants (sample size = 2535, response rate = 53%, [Formula: see text]). The analysis suggests that the applied methodology is flexible enough to adapt to complex situations, and is useful to improve knowledge on the subject of the course. Furthermore, a wide acceptance of the teaching methodology is confirmed for all technological profiles, pushing for and endorsing a more widespread use of online platforms in the domain of radiology continuing education.
    Keywords Asynchronous online e-learning ; COVID-19 pandemic ; radiology training ; continuing medical education (CME) ; chest X-ray (CXR) ; Special aspects of education ; LC8-6691 ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 370
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Taylor & Francis Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Imaging of non-neoplastic duodenal diseases. A pictorial review with emphasis on MDCT

    Sergi Juanpere / Laia Valls / Isabel Serra / Margarita Osorio / Arantxa Gelabert / Albert Maroto / Salvador Pedraza

    Insights into Imaging, Vol 9, Iss 2, Pp 121-

    2018  Volume 135

    Abstract: Abstract A wide spectrum of abnormalities can affect the duodenum, ranging from congenital anomalies to traumatic and inflammatory entities. The location of the duodenum and its close relationship with other organs make it easy to miss or misinterpret ... ...

    Abstract Abstract A wide spectrum of abnormalities can affect the duodenum, ranging from congenital anomalies to traumatic and inflammatory entities. The location of the duodenum and its close relationship with other organs make it easy to miss or misinterpret duodenal abnormalities on cross-sectional imaging. Endoscopy has largely supplanted fluoroscopy for the assessment of the duodenal lumen. Cross-sectional imaging modalities, especially multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), enable comprehensive assessment of the duodenum and surrounding viscera. Although overlapping imaging findings can make it difficult to differentiate between some lesions, characteristic features may suggest a specific diagnosis in some cases. Familiarity with pathologic conditions that can affect the duodenum and with the optimal MDCT and MRI techniques for studying them can help ensure diagnostic accuracy in duodenal diseases. The goal of this pictorial review is to illustrate the most common non-malignant duodenal processes. Special emphasis is placed on MDCT features and their endoscopic correlation as well as on avoiding the most common pitfalls in the evaluation of the duodenum. Teaching points • Cross-sectional imaging modalities enable comprehensive assessment of duodenum diseases. • Causes of duodenal obstruction include intraluminal masses, inflammation and hematomas. • Distinguishing between tumour and groove pancreatitis can be challenging by cross-sectional imaging. • Infectious diseases of the duodenum are difficult to diagnose, as the findings are not specific. • The most common cause of nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding is peptic ulcer disease.
    Keywords Duodenum ; MDCT ; MRI ; Duodenal lesions ; Imaging ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher SpringerOpen
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Breathing and Coughing

    Robin Campion / Hugo Delgado-Granados / Denis Legrand / Noémie Taquet / Thomas Boulesteix / Salvador Pedraza-Espitía / Thomas Lecocq

    Frontiers in Earth Science, Vol

    The Extraordinarily High Degassing of Popocatépetl Volcano Investigated With an SO2 Camera

    2018  Volume 6

    Abstract: How do lava domes release volcanic gases? Studying this problem is crucial to understand, and potentially anticipate, the generation of the sudden and dangerous explosive eruptions that frequently accompany dome extrusions. Since its awakening in 1994, ... ...

    Abstract How do lava domes release volcanic gases? Studying this problem is crucial to understand, and potentially anticipate, the generation of the sudden and dangerous explosive eruptions that frequently accompany dome extrusions. Since its awakening in 1994, Popocatépetl volcano has produced more than 50 lava domes and has been consistently among the strongest permanent emitters of volcanic gases. In this work, we have characterized the passive and explosive degassing between 2013 and 2016 at a high time resolution using an SO2 camera, to achieve a better understanding of the conduit processes. Our 4-year average SO2 flux is 45 kg/s, in line with the long-term average of the whole current eruptive period. We show that Popocatépetl volcano is essentially an open system and that passive degassing, i.e., degassing with no associated emission of lava or ash, dominates >95% of the time. This passive degassing is continuous and sustained, whether the crater contains a lava dome or not. It shows most of the time a strong periodic component, with a pseudo-period of ~5 min, and amplitudes of 30 to 60% of the average value. We could distinguish two types of explosions based on their SO2 flux patterns. The first type (E1) occurs in the middle of the normal passive degassing and is followed by a rapid return of the SO2 flux down to its pre-explosive level. The second type (E2), which corresponds to the strongest events, is anticipated by a rapid decrease of the SO2 flux to abnormally low values and is followed by a return to its normal values. The E2 explosions are probably caused by the accumulation of gas below a rapidly compacting permeable dome. We suggest that transient episodes of gravitational compaction of the usually permeable dome and the upper conduit is the only mechanism that is fast enough to explain the sharp decrease of the SO2 flux that anticipates the E2 explosions. Our model is potentially applicable to a large number of andesitic volcanoes that undergo passive degassing interspersed with short-lived ...
    Keywords volcanic degassing ; SO2 camera ; Popocatépetl ; lava dome ; permeability ; explosions ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 550
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Facial fractures

    Eva Gómez Roselló / Ana M. Quiles Granado / Miquel Artajona Garcia / Sergi Juanpere Martí / Gemma Laguillo Sala / Briggitte Beltrán Mármol / Salvador Pedraza Gutiérrez

    Insights into Imaging, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    classification and highlights for a useful report

    2020  Volume 15

    Abstract: Abstract In patients with facial trauma, multidetector computed tomography is the first-choice imaging test because it can detect and characterize even small fractures and their associated complications quickly and accurately. It has helped clinical ... ...

    Abstract Abstract In patients with facial trauma, multidetector computed tomography is the first-choice imaging test because it can detect and characterize even small fractures and their associated complications quickly and accurately. It has helped clinical management and surgical planning, so radiologists must communicate their findings to surgeons effectively. In Le Fort fractures, there is a breach between the pterygoid plates and the posterior maxilla. These fractures are classified in three basic patterns that can be combined and associated with various complications. Conceptualized when low-speed trauma was predominant, the Le Fort classification system has become less relevant giving more importance on maxillary occlusion-bearing segments. The classification of naso-orbito-ethmoid depends on the extent of injury to the attachment of the medial canthal tendon, with possible complications like nasofrontal duct disruption. Displaced fractures of the zygomaticomaxillary complex often widen the angle of the lateral orbital wall, resulting in increased orbital volume and sometimes in enophthalmos. Severe comminution or angulation can lead to wide surgical exposure. In orbital fractures, entrapment of the inferior rectus muscles can lead to diplopia, so it is important to assess its positioning and morphology. Orbital fractures can also result in injuries to the globe or infraorbital nerve. Frontal sinus fractures that extend through the posterior sinus wall can create a communication with the anterior cranial fossa resulting in leakage of cerebrospinal fluid, intracranial bleeding. It is essential to categorize fracture patterns and highlight features that may affect fracture management in radiology reports of facial trauma.
    Keywords Facial trauma ; Le Fort ; Naso-orbito-ethmoid fractures ; Zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture ; Mandibular fractures ; Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ; R895-920
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher SpringerOpen
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Influence of stroke infarct location on quality of life assessed in a multivariate lesion-symptom mapping study

    Alina Königsberg / Andrew T. DeMarco / Carola Mayer / Anke Wouters / Eckhard Schlemm / Martin Ebinger / Tae-Hee Cho / Matthias Endres / Jochen B. Fiebach / Jens Fiehler / Ivana Galinovic / Josep Puig / Vincent Thijs / Robin Lemmens / Keith W. Muir / Norbert Nighoghossian / Salvador Pedraza / Claus Z. Simonsen / Christian Gerloff /
    Götz Thomalla / Bastian Cheng

    Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2021  Volume 8

    Abstract: Abstract Stroke has a deleterious impact on quality of life. However, it is less well known if stroke lesions in different brain regions are associated with reduced quality of life (QoL). We therefore investigated this association by multivariate lesion- ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Stroke has a deleterious impact on quality of life. However, it is less well known if stroke lesions in different brain regions are associated with reduced quality of life (QoL). We therefore investigated this association by multivariate lesion-symptom mapping. We analyzed magnetic resonance imaging and clinical data from the WAKE-UP trial. European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) 3 level questionnaires were completed 90 days after stroke. Lesion symptom mapping was performed using a multivariate machine learning algorithm (support vector regression) based on stroke lesions 22–36 h after stroke. Brain regions with significant associations were explored in reference to white matter tracts. Of 503 randomized patients, 329 were included in the analysis (mean age 65.4 years, SD 11.5; median NIHSS = 6, IQR 4–9; median EQ-5D score 90 days after stroke 1, IQR 0–4, median lesion volume 3.3 ml, IQR 1.1–16.9 ml). After controlling for lesion volume, significant associations between lesions and EQ-5D score were detected for the right putamen, and internal capsules of both hemispheres. Multivariate lesion inference analysis revealed an association between injuries of the cortico-spinal tracts with worse self-reported quality of life 90 days after stroke in comparably small stroke lesions, extending previous reports of the association of striato-capsular lesions with worse functional outcome. Our findings are of value to identify patients at risk of impaired QoL after stroke.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Preserved structural connectivity mediates the clinical effect of thrombolysis in patients with anterior-circulation stroke

    Eckhard Schlemm / Thies Ingwersen / Alina Königsberg / Florent Boutitie / Martin Ebinger / Matthias Endres / Jochen B. Fiebach / Jens Fiehler / Ivana Galinovic / Robin Lemmens / Keith W. Muir / Norbert Nighoghossian / Salvador Pedraza / Josep Puig / Claus Z. Simonsen / Vincent Thijs / Anke Wouters / Christian Gerloff / Götz Thomalla /
    Bastian Cheng

    Nature Communications, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2021  Volume 12

    Abstract: The effects of thrombolysis therapy in stroke on structural connectivity are not well understood. Here, the authors show with causal mediation analysis that the clinical benefits of thrombolysis in anterior circulation stroke are mediated via structural ... ...

    Abstract The effects of thrombolysis therapy in stroke on structural connectivity are not well understood. Here, the authors show with causal mediation analysis that the clinical benefits of thrombolysis in anterior circulation stroke are mediated via structural connectivity.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Affective and Behavioural Dysfunctions in Patients with Subcortical Stroke

    Salvador Pedraza Gutiérrez / Angel Aguilar Alonso / Isabel Gómez-Ruiz / Luis Gutierrez Cabello

    Neuroscience & Medicine, Vol 03, Iss 02, Pp 141-

    2012  Volume 148

    Abstract: Objective: To investigate the association of ischaemic and haemorrhagic strokes with the site of subcortical focal cerebrovascular injuries with affective, behavioural and cognitive dysfunctions in the acute phase and after three months. Sample: 58 ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To investigate the association of ischaemic and haemorrhagic strokes with the site of subcortical focal cerebrovascular injuries with affective, behavioural and cognitive dysfunctions in the acute phase and after three months. Sample: 58 patients with focal cerebrovascular injuries; mean age 61.5 ± 13.5, 72.4% male. Control group: 20 healthy subjects, mean age 67.1 ± 7.6, 50% male. Results: Significant differences were observed (p = 0.006) between the acute phase and three months later on the apathy items of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) in patients with subcortical stroke. Significant differences were also observed on the affective scale of the BRMS (p = 0.004), the behaviour scale of the Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI) (p = 0.000), and on the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) (p = 0.006). No significant differences were observed on the Hamilton Rating Scale-Depression (HRSM) (p = 0.101). Significant differences were found according to the infarct type: patients with haemorrhagic lesions had higher raw scores on the HRS-D than those with ischaemic lesions (p = 0.024). Conclusions: The performance of patients with subcortical stroke on affective, behavioural and cognitive scales improves after three months. Patients with haemorrhagic lesions are more likely to be depressive than those with ischaemic lesions.
    Keywords Subcortical Lesions ; Stroke ; Cognitive ; Affective and Behaviour ; Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ; RC321-571 ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245 ; Medicine ; R ; DOAJ:Neurology ; DOAJ:Medicine (General) ; DOAJ:Health Sciences
    Subject code 150
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Scientific Research Publishing
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Metrics as Potential Biomarkers for Survival in Glioblastoma.

    Josep Puig / Javier Sánchez-González / Gerard Blasco / Pepus Daunis-I-Estadella / Christian Federau / Ángel Alberich-Bayarri / Carles Biarnes / Kambiz Nael / Marco Essig / Rajan Jain / Max Wintermark / Salvador Pedraza

    PLoS ONE, Vol 11, Iss 7, p e

    2016  Volume 0158887

    Abstract: Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) is an MRI technique with potential applications in measuring brain tumor perfusion, but its clinical impact remains to be determined. We assessed the usefulness of IVIM-metrics in predicting survival in newly diagnosed ...

    Abstract Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) is an MRI technique with potential applications in measuring brain tumor perfusion, but its clinical impact remains to be determined. We assessed the usefulness of IVIM-metrics in predicting survival in newly diagnosed glioblastoma.Fifteen patients with glioblastoma underwent MRI including spin-echo echo-planar DWI using 13 b-values ranging from 0 to 1000 s/mm2. Parametric maps for diffusion coefficient (D), pseudodiffusion coefficient (D*), and perfusion fraction (f) were generated for contrast-enhancing regions (CER) and non-enhancing regions (NCER). Regions of interest were manually drawn in regions of maximum f and on the corresponding dynamic susceptibility contrast images. Prognostic factors were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox proportional hazards analyses.We found that fCER and D*CER correlated with rCBFCER. The best cutoffs for 6-month survival were fCER>9.86% and D*CER>21.712 x10-3mm2/s (100% sensitivity, 71.4% specificity, 100% and 80% positive predictive values, and 80% and 100% negative predictive values; AUC:0.893 and 0.857, respectively). Treatment yielded the highest hazard ratio (5.484; 95% CI: 1.162-25.88; AUC: 0.723; P = 0.031); fCER combined with treatment predicted survival with 100% accuracy.The IVIM-metrics fCER and D*CER are promising biomarkers of 6-month survival in newly diagnosed glioblastoma.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: High-permeability region size on perfusion CT predicts hemorrhagic transformation after intravenous thrombolysis in stroke.

    Josep Puig / Gerard Blasco / Pepus Daunis-I-Estadella / Cecile van Eendendburg / María Carrillo-García / Carlos Aboud / María Hernández-Pérez / Joaquín Serena / Carles Biarnés / Kambiz Nael / David S Liebeskind / Götz Thomalla / Bijoy K Menon / Andrew Demchuk / Max Wintermark / Salvador Pedraza / Mar Castellanos

    PLoS ONE, Vol 12, Iss 11, p e

    2017  Volume 0188238

    Abstract: Blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability has been proposed as a predictor of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) administration; however, the reliability of perfusion computed tomography (PCT) permeability imaging for ... ...

    Abstract Blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability has been proposed as a predictor of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) administration; however, the reliability of perfusion computed tomography (PCT) permeability imaging for predicting HT is uncertain. We aimed to determine the performance of high-permeability region size on PCT (HPrs-PCT) in predicting HT after intravenous tPA administration in patients with acute stroke.We performed a multimodal CT protocol (non-contrast CT, PCT, CT angiography) to prospectively study patients with middle cerebral artery occlusion treated with tPA within 4.5 hours of symptom onset. HT was graded at 24 hours using the European-Australasian Acute Stroke Study II criteria. ROC curves selected optimal volume threshold, and multivariate logistic regression analysis identified predictors of HT.The study included 156 patients (50% male, median age 75.5 years). Thirty-seven (23,7%) developed HT [12 (7,7%), parenchymal hematoma type 2 (PH-2)]. At admission, patients with HT had lower platelet values, higher NIHSS scores, increased ischemic lesion volumes, larger HPrs-PCT, and poorer collateral status. The negative predictive value of HPrs-PCT at a threshold of 7mL/100g/min was 0.84 for HT and 0.93 for PH-2. The multiple regression analysis selected HPrs-PCT at 7mL/100g/min combined with platelets and baseline NIHSS score as the best model for predicting HT (AUC 0.77). HPrs-PCT at 7mL/100g/min was the only independent predictor of PH-2 (OR 1, AUC 0.68, p = 0.045).HPrs-PCT can help predict HT after tPA, and is particularly useful in identifying patients at low risk of developing HT.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Changes in lifestyle resulting from confinement due to COVID-19 and depressive symptomatology

    Josep Garre-Olmo / Oriol Turró-Garriga / Ruth Martí-Lluch / Lluís Zacarías-Pons / Lia Alves-Cabratosa / Domènec Serrano-Sarbosa / Joan Vilalta-Franch / Rafel Ramos / Xavier Aldeguer Manté / Judit Bassols Casedevall / Jordi Barretina Ginesta / Ramon Brugada Terradellas / Laia Calvó Perxas / Jordi Cid Colom / José Manuel Fernández Real / Jaume Heredia Quicios / Abel López Bermejo / Rafael Marcos Gragera / Ana Molina del Rio /
    José Maria Moreno Navarrete / Josep Lluís Nicolau / Pascual Ramon Orriols Martinez / Ana Prada Compta / Salvador Pedraza Gutierrez / Josep Puig Alcántara / Lluís Ramió Torrentà / Glòria Reig García / Joaquin Serena / Montse Vendrell Relat / Joan C. Vilanova

    Comprehensive Psychiatry, Vol 104, Iss , Pp 152214- (2021)

    A cross-sectional a population-based study

    1478  

    Abstract: Background: The measures adopted to control the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in several countries included mobility and social restrictions that produced an immediate impact on the lifestyle of their inhabitants. Methods: We assessed the association ... ...

    Abstract Background: The measures adopted to control the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in several countries included mobility and social restrictions that produced an immediate impact on the lifestyle of their inhabitants. Methods: We assessed the association between the consequences of these measures and depressive symptomatology using a population-based sample of 692 individuals aged 18 or over from an ongoing study in the province of Girona (Catalonia, Spain). Participants responded to a telephone-based survey that included questions related to the consequences of confinement and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was used to assess depressive symptomatology. Multivariate logistic and linear regressions were used to identify which changes in lifestyle resulting from confinement were independently associated with a possible depression episode and depressive symptomatology. Results: The prevalence of a possible depressive episode during the confinement was 12.7% (95% CI = 10.3–15.4). An adverse work situation, expected economic distress, self-reported worsening of the mental health and of the dietary pattern, and worries about a relative's potential infection were variables related to an increased risk of having a possible depressive episode. The changes in lifestyle accounted for 32% of the variance of the PHQ-9 score. Conclusion: The findings indicate an association of the job situation, the expected negative economic consequences, the perceived worsening of health and habits, and the worries about COVID-19 infection with depressive symptomatology during the confinement.
    Keywords COVID-19 ; depression ; social isolation ; quarantine ; Psychiatry ; RC435-571 ; covid19
    Subject code 300
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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